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Incidence and prevalence of hepatitis b and hepatitis C viruses in hemodialysis patients in Lebanon

World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第1期5卷 101-107页

作者： Antoine Abou Rached lara El Khoury Talal El Imad Abdallah S Geara Josette Jreijiry Walid Ammar National Hepatitis Program Ministry of Public HealthBeirut 1106 9800Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyLebanese UniversityBeirut 2903 1308Lebanon Faculty of Medical Sciences Lebanese UniversityBeirut 2903 1308Lebanon School of Medicine West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506-9100United States Ministry of Public Health Beirut 1106 9800Lebanon

AIM： To determine the incidence and the prevalence of hepatitis b and C viral infections in patients on hemodialysis （HD） across ***： We reviewed the data registry at the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health where records of monthly hepatitis b surface antigen （HbsAg） and hepatitis C virus （HCV） serology are reported from 60 affiliated HD centers across Lebanon. All patients who were on HD or who started HD between October 2010 and July 2012 were included in the study. Patients from seven HD centers were excluded due to inadequate and incomplete results reporting. During the selected period, HbsAg and HCV serology were available for 3769 patients from 53 HD centers distributed at all Lebanese governorates. The prevalence was calculated by dividing the number of patients with positive HbsAg or HCV serology to the total number of patients. The Incidence was calculated by dividing the number of newly acquired infection to number of patients-years （p-y）. Incidence rates at different governorates were compared to each other using two tailed Z test and a P value of 〈 0.05 was considered ***： Sixty out of 3769 HD patients were found to have positive HbS Ag and 177 out of 3769 were positive for HCV Antibodies. The prevalence of hepatitis b virus （HbV） and HCV in HD patients across Lebanon was 1.6%, and 4.7%, respectively. The comparison of prevalence according to geographic distribution could not be done accurately due to the frequent shift of patients between dialysis centers at different governorates. The incidence rate was 0.27 per 100 p-y for HbV and 0.37 per 100 p-y for HCV. There was no signifcant difference concerning the incidence of HbV between HD centers at different governorates （all P values 〉 0.1）, but this difference was highly significant concerning the incidence rates of HCV which occurred predominantly in the southern centers （1.47 per 100 p-y） with a P value of 0.00068 and 0.00374 when compared to Mount Lebanon （0.21 per 100 p-y

关键词： Hemodialysis Prevalence Hepatitis C virus Incidence Hepatitis b virus Lebanon

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A Comparison among Manual and Automatic Calibration Methods in VISSIM in an Expressway (Chihuahua, Mexico)

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2017年第4期7卷 539-552页

作者： Daphne Espejel-Garcia Jose Alejandro Saniger-Alba Gilberto Wenglas-lara Vanessa Veronica Espejel-Garcia Alejandro Villalobos-Aragon Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico PTV Group Mexico Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

Traffic microsimulation is an essential tool in urban transportation and road planning. Its calibration is essential to attain representative results validated with real-world conditions. VISSIM (Verkehr in Städten—SIMulationsmodell) operates with the Wiedemann’s psycho-physical car-following model for freeway travel that considers safety distances (standstill and movement) during simulation. Calibration in this paper was achieved by using two different approaches: a) manual and b) genetic algorithm (with the GEH statistic formula) calibration techniques. Calibration and validation of this model were performed at the Periferico de la Juventud expressway in Chihuahua City, in northern Mexico. The Periferico de la Juventud (PDJ) has a N-S orientation and a length of ca. 20 km, with its northern section being its most congested portion. Its highest vehicle volume occurs at noon, with 3700 vehicles per hour, with 95% being passenger cars and the other 5% heavy goods vehicles. PDJ’s speed limit is 70 km·h-1, but the driver’s behavior has a tendency towards the aggressive performance. A total of 82 standstill and 82 look-ahead distances were obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) images, with values ranging from 0.8 to 4.7 m and from 0.2 to 28 m, respectively. VISSIM calibrated parameter values were calculated for this expressway, being slightly above than the VISSIM default ones;and was validated with travel times and look-ahead distances. Results contribute information for the city’s future installment of public transportation systems, and should help decision makers deal with future urban planning.

关键词： VISSIM Genetic Algorithm Calibration Expressway Chihuahua

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PEbAX^(TM)-Silanized Al_(2)O_(3) Composite,Synthesis and Characterization

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2012年第2期2卷 63-69页

作者： José Cirilo Ignacio lara-Estévez Luís Antônio Sanchez de Almeida Prado Karl Schulte Emilio bucio Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica Instituto de Ciencias NuclearesUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCircuito ExteriorCiudad UniversitariaMéxico CityMéxico Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe Technische Universität Hamburg-HarburgHamburgGermany

Alumina nanoparticles were dispersed in poly(amide 12-b-tetramethylene oxide) copolymer through extrusion. The alumina particles were functionalized with 3-(2 trimethoxysilylethyl) cyclohexene oxide. The following PEbAX TM/ Al2O 3 proportions were prepared: 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0% w/w. The thermal stabiity of the nanocomposites was evalu- ated by thermograviemtric analysis under N2 and was comparable to the neat PEbAXTM polymer. The thermo-oxidative degradation of the polymeric matrix by oxygen was strongly hindered by the functionalized alumina. The rule of mixture would predict that the thermal degradation should be strongly dominated by PEbAXTM matrix. Therefore, the physical mixture of PEbAXTM and silanized alumina should be almost as stable as pure PEbAXTM. However, the experimental results suggest that the nanocomposites are more stable than the mixture of their components. This stabilization effect is evident in the temperature range between 300?C and 400?C, in which the degradation of the PA12 block takes place.

关键词： Nanocomposites Alumina Functionalization Thermoplastic Elastomers Thermal behavior

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Evidence of Synergistic Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts against Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistant Strains of Influenza Viruses

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第16期4卷 1260-1277页

作者： Dhivya Rajasekaran Enzo A. Palombo Tiong Chia Yeo Diana Lim Siok Ley Chu Lee Tu Francois Malherbe lara Grollo Department of Chemistry and biotechnology Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Australia Sarawak biodiversity Centre Kuching Malaysia

The frequent emergence of drug resistant influenza viral strains emphasizes the urgent and continual need to develop new antiviral drugs. Given the encouraging findings of previous studies on antiviral compounds from plant sources, this study focused on medicinal plants from borneo that were traditionally used to treat symptoms of influenza infection. Following the promising results of earlier investigations, four plant extracts that demonstrated multiple modes of viral inhibition were studied against wild-type and neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor-resistant strains of Types A and b influenza viruses. The extracts exhibited more pronounced activities against the wild-type viruses than the NA inhibitor-resistant strains. Variations in the antiviral potential of the extracts collected from different parts of the same plant were also evidenced in the in vitro micro-inhibition assays. Even though all plant extracts affected NA activity of all viruses, only two extracts demonstrated hemagglutination inhibitory (HI) activities against Type A pandemic H1N1 and Type b viruses. Furthermore, Receptor Destroying Enzyme (RDE) treatments of extracts exhibiting HI activities indicated the presence of sialic acid (SA)-like component(s) that may be responsible for HI activity. Since the antiviral potential of extracts was not completely suppressed by RDE, the possibility of non SA-like antiviral components cannot be ruled out. Therefore, synergistic activity between SA-like and non SA-like components contained in the plant extracts may be responsible for the demonstrated antiviral potential. The results also indicated the presence of non SA-like components that may act against other viral proteins apart from hemagglutinin (HA) and NA. Hence, this study supports the presence of multiple antiviral components that act against different viral proteins or interfere with different stages of viral replication. Our results suggest that these plant extracts have the potential to be developed as

关键词： Influenza Antivirals Medicinal Plant Extracts Hemagglutination Inhibition Neuraminidase Inhibition Sialic Acid-Like RDE

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Evaluation of Methodology for Life Cycle Assessment Applied to Hydroponic Tomato Processes from a System Approach

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b) 2014年第10期4卷 811-815页

作者： Nadia lara Ruiz martha Lilia Dominguez Patino Oscar Gabriel Villegas Torres Luz Elva marin Vaca Miguel Aguilar Cortes Center of Engineering and Applied Science Autonomus University of Morelos State Chamilpa 62209 Morelos Mexieo Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Autonomus University of Morelos State Chamilpa 62209 Morelos Mexico Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Autonomus University of Morelos State Chamilpa 62209 Morelos Mexico

Analysis of agricultural production systems of hydroponic tomato in Morelos state of Mexico, through a systematic approach, called systems development of life cycle （SDLC） was performed by comparing this with the methodology known as life cycle assessment （LCA）. This permits to analyze the differences in approaches of all these methodologies to propose improvements in the current system, which can allow an improved assessment of the environmental quality of agricultural products, which often is subject to confusion. That due to measurement parameters are not generally accepted by society, producers and consumers, may ensure that the process is fully sustainable and is considered quite as a green technology processes towards an ecological benefit and therefore for the humanity.

关键词： Analysis hydroponic LCA SDLC.

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Association of Morphology and Immunophenotype in Diffuse Large b-Cell Lymphomas with bone marrow Infiltration in a Sample Mexican Population

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Open Journal of Pathology 2012年第2期2卷 29-37页

作者： Mónica-belinda Romero-Guadarrama Fiacro Jiménez Ponce Armando Medina Cruz Elsa Lorena Durán Ramírez Icela Palma lara Molecular and Celular Morphology Laboratory Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional and Morphology Department Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (UNAM) México City México Unidad de Patología del Hospital General de México Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) México City México

Introduction: Diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLbCL), not otherwise specified, is a large b-cell lymphoma with a diffuse growth pattern and aggressive clinical course. It is divided in subgroups according to its morphology, immunophenotype, and primary site. Dissemination to bone marrow occurs in 11% to 35% of cases and can be of concordant or discordant morphology. Objective: To examine the association, the type of bone marrow involvement in relation to the primary site, morphology, immunohistochemistry of DLbCLs and to determine the cases of Epstein-barr virus positive DLbCLs. Materials and Methods: We reviewed lymph node and extranodal biopsies as well as the respective bone marrow biopsies in all cases of DLbCL diagnosed in the Hospital General de México during the period from 2002 to 2010. We used immunohystochemistry for immunophenotype identification (Hans’s algorithm) and an in-situ hybridization technique to detect presence of Epstein barr encoded RNA (EbER). Results: We included 108 patients with a mean age of 51.9 years, 59 (55%) were men. DLbCL involved lymph nodes in 60% of cases and palatine tonsils in 13%. The centroblastic variant predominated (80%) and 58% originated from activated b-cells. Infiltration of bone marrow was present in 30% of cases and was discordant in 55% of these cases. Correlation between morphology and bone marrow infiltration was statistically significant (P = 0.0003). Presence of Epstein-barr virus was demonstrated in 15% of patients older than 50 years. Conclusions: Dissemination to bone marrow occurred in 30% of cases and discordant involvement was most common. DLbCL originating from activated b-lymphocytes predominated and the most common extranodal sites were palatine tonsils, suggesting that our population has a clinical behavior similar to Asiatic populations.

关键词： Dissemination to bone marrow Diffuse Large b-Cell Lymphoma Immunophenotype

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Genetic Divergence among Progenies Resulting from the Crossing of Groups Coffee Timor Hybrid and Dilla ＆ Alghe

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b) 2013年第12期3卷 865-872页

作者： Janine Magalhaes Guedes Juliana Costa Rezende Joao marcos Rodrigues Andrade lara Samuel Pereira Carvalho Antonio Alves Pereira Alex Mendonca de Carvalho Department of Agriculture-UFLA Federal University of Lavras DAG-Cx. P. 3037-37.200-000 Lavras MG Brazil Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais-Technological Center in South of Minas Campus UFLA Cx P. 179 37200-000Lavras MG Brazil Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais -Technological Center in Zona da Mata Campus UFV Cx P. 216 - 36571-000Vigosa MG Brazil

This study aimed to agronomically and morphologically characterize, as well as analyze the genetic divergence of Dilla ＆ Alghe x Timor hybrid progenies of the coffee germplasm bank of Minas Gerais in brazil to improve the breeding and management schemes of the hybrids. Forty-two morpho-agronomic traits were evaluated and the generalized Mahalanobis distance was used to quantify the genetic divergence among progenies. Tocher clustering, unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages （UPGMA） method and canonical variation analysis were employed as clustering strategies. The Tocher and UPGMA methods have been separated the progenies into eight and five groups, respectively. Analysis of the relative contribution of each characteristic to genetic dissimilarity highlighted the characteristics of production in liters in 2009, production notes in 2009, and average uniformity of maturation in 2009 as those that contributed most to obtaining genetic divergence. The authors observed that the first three canonical variables accounted for over 99% of the total variance observed in the full set of analyzed characteristics. High variability was observed among the 15 progenies of Dilla ＆ Alghe × Timor hybrid progenies. The progenies MG0589 and MG0592, MG0593 and MG0589, MG0591 and MG0589, MG0589 and MG0588, MG0589 and MG0583 were the most suitable crosses for exploring the genetic variability in Dilla ＆ Alghe × Timor hybrid generated from the germplasm bank of Minas Gerais. Through these crossovers, it is expected to get new coffee cultivars with desirable agronomic characteristics, as resistant to Pseudomonas xyringae pv. garcae and some breeds ofHemileia vastatrix.

关键词： Coffea arabica multivariate analysis germplasm bank genetic improvement morpho-agronomic traits.

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Genome-wide comparison inferred the origin and evolution of b-cell epitopes on the proteins of human influenza A virus

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Health 2012年第10期4卷 946-954页

作者： Edgar E. lara-Ramírez Aldo Segura-Cabrera Ma. Isabel Salazar mario A. Rodríguez-Pérez Xianwu Guo Centro de biotecnología Genómica Instituto Politécnico Nacional Reynosa México Departamento de Inmunología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas Instituto Politécnico Nacional México

The novel strain H1N1 caused the outbreak of first pandemic influenza in 21 century. Now it is a common component of current seasonal influenza viruses. The recent transmission and plentiful genome sequences available provided a good opportunity to study the origin and evolution of epitopes on the proteins of human influenza virus. In the present study, the b-cell epitope compositions in the pandemic strains, circulating traditional seasonal strains, swine strains as well as highly virulent avian strain H5N1 were identified with the aid of the Immune Epitope Database (IEDb) and were compared at genomic level. A total of 14210 distinct sequences down-loaded from NCbI database were used for analysis. Some epitopes on proteins HA or NA, not conserved in recent seasonal strains, were found in 2009 pandemic strains but existed in the early human strains (1919-1935). The pandemic strain shared higher conserved epitopes with “bird flu” virus H5N1than classic human seasonal strains. The epitopes that could exist at common antigenic regions of HA protein are needed to further identify. The genetic exchanges between human and swine population by transmission was very active but the princepal side of the transmission could be from swine to human. These results provided valuable information on influenza A virus evolution and transmission by means of epitope analysis at genomic level.

关键词： Influenza A Virus H1N1 Pandemic Epitopes Genome Comparison

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Impact of vaccine supplies and delays on optimal control of the COVID-19 pandemic:mapping interventions for the Philippines

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第4期10卷 46-59页

作者： Carlo Delfin S.Estadilla Joshua Uyheng Elvira P.de lara-Tuprio Timothy Robin Teng Jay Michael R.Macalalag maria Regina Justina E.Estuar Department of Mathematics Ateneo de Manila UniversityKatipunan Ave.Brgy.Loyola Heights1102 Quezon CityPhilippines Department of Psychology Ateneo de Manila UniversityQuezon CityPhilippines Department of Mathematics Caraga State UniversityButuan CityPhilippines Department of Information Systems and Computer Science Ateneo de Manila UniversityQuezon CityPhilippines

background::Around the world,controlling the COVID-19 pandemic requires national coordination of multiple intervention *** vaccinations are globally introduced into the repertoire of available interventions,it is important to consider how changes in the local supply of vaccines,including delays in administration,may be addressed through existing policy *** study aims to identify the optimal level of interventions for COVID-19 from 2021 to 2022 in the Philippines,which as a developing country is particularly vulnerable to shifting assumptions around vaccine ***,we explore optimal strategies in scenarios featuring delays in vaccine administration,expansions of vaccine supply,and limited combinations of ***::Embedding our work within the local policy landscape,we apply optimal control theory to the compartmental model of COVID-19 used by the Philippine government’s pandemic surveillance platform and introduce four controls:(a)precautionary measures like community quarantines,(b)detection of asymptomatic cases,(c)detection of symptomatic cases,and(d)*** model is fitted to local data using an L-bFGS minimization *** conditions are identified using Pontryagin’s minimum principle and numerically solved using the forward-backward sweep ***::Simulation results indicate that early and effective implementation of both precautionary measures and symptomatic case detection is vital for averting the most infections at an efficient cost,resulting in>99%reduction of infections compared to the no-control *** vaccine administration capacity to 440,000 full immunizations daily will reduce the overall cost of optimal strategy by 25%,while allowing for a faster relaxation of more resource-intensive ***,delays in vaccine administration require compensatory increases in the remaining policy levers to maintain a minimal number of *** example,dela

关键词： Optimal control COVID-19 pandemic Philippines Non-pharmaceutical interventions Vaccines

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Analysis of the Risks of Development Injury Related to Surgical Positioning in a University Hospital of the State of Goiás/brazil: An Observational-Epidemiological Study

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Health 2020年第7期12卷 876-890页

作者： bárbara Almeida Lemes barbara Correia Neves Sabino Carlos Eduardo Carvalho Sabino Ana Clara Lenza martins Ana Letícia Neller Finta André Vinícius de Oliveira mariana Cordeiro Carvalho Carolina Veras Mendes Giulia Ugucioni Garbelini lara Cândida de Sousa Machado Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho Rio Verde University—UniRv Rio Verde Goiás Brazil Faculty of Medical Sciences State University of Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas Brazil Southwest Emergency Hospital—HURSO Brazil Faceres Medical School of Sã o José do Rio Preto/SP Brazil

Introduction: The perioperative nurse plays an important role throughout the surgical period, especially in the context of predicting the risks to which patients are exposed when entering a surgical center. These can be skin, muscle, tendon, and even burn injuries from the scalpel or chemicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the degree of risk for the development of injuries resulting from surgical positioning in patients of a university hospital. Methods: This is cross-sectional, exploratory research with a quantitative approach conducted with 70 surgical patients in a Municipal University Hospital with data collection through a socioeconomic and health questionnaire and the Risk Assessment Scale for Development of Surgical Positioning Injuries (SISP). Statistical analyses included simple descriptive evaluation, correlations of variables using the Chi-square test and Pearson’s coefficient with a significance level of 5%. Results: The results found pointed to a population mainly composed of women (60%), married, with an average age of 49 years, with hypertension and high-risk scores to develop injuries due to surgical positioning. There was also a positive and significant correlation between having hypertension and having a higher risk of developing lesions, with R2 = 96.4% and p Conclusion: The results reinforce the need to implement protocols and the acquisition of materials aimed at reducing the risk of injuries related to surgical positioning in order to improve the quality of care offered and thus minimize the harm to users.

关键词： Nursing Pressure Injury Operating Room

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