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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín garcía-Reynoso Iván Y.Hernández-paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air pollution.In Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is enhanced.Here,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico.The studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the New Normal.We applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the Megalopolis.The results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed NO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional regimes.This contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency estimations.Given the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Histopathological impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver:Cellular damage and long-term complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2866-2880页

作者： Alfonso Rodriguez-Espada Moises Salgado-de la Mora Briana mariette Rodriguez-paniagua Nathaly Limonde la Rosa Monica Itzel martinez-Gutierrez Santiago Pastrana-Brandes Nalu Navarro-Alvarez Department of Molecular Biology Universidad Panamericana School of MedicineCampus MéxicoMexico 03920Mexico Department of Internal Medicine Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico Department of Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusDenverCO 80045United States PECEM Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico 04360Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),primarily impacts the respiratory tract and can lead to severe outcomes such as acute respiratory distress syndrome,multiple organ failure,and death.Despite extensive studies on the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2,its impact on the hepatobiliary system remains unclear.While liver injury is commonly indicated by reduced albumin and elevated bilirubin and transaminase levels,the exact source of this damage is not fully understood.Proposed mechanisms for injury include direct cytotoxicity,collateral damage from inflammation,drug-induced liver injury,and ischemia/hypoxia.However,evidence often relies on blood tests with liver enzyme abnormalities.In this comprehensive review,we focused solely on the different histopathological manifestations of liver injury in COVID-19 patients,drawing from liver biopsies,complete autopsies,and in vitro liver analyses.We present evidence of the direct impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver,substantiated by in vitro observations of viral entry mechanisms and the actual presence of viral particles in liver samples resulting in a variety of cellular changes,including mitochondrial swelling,endoplasmic reticulum dilatation,and hepatocyte apoptosis.Additional ly,we describe the diverse liver pathology observed during COVID-19 infection,encompassing necrosis,steatosis,cholestasis,and lobular inflammation.We also discuss the emergence of long-term complications,notably COVID-19-related secondary sclerosing cholangitis.Recognizing the histopathological liver changes occurring during COVID-19 infection is pivotal for improving patient recovery and guiding decision-making.

关键词： Liver SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Histopathology Liver biopsies Liver autopsy In vitro

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Impact of STAT-signaling pathway on cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer and its role in immunosuppression

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1705-1724页

作者： Damián Sánchez-Ramírez Mónica G Mendoza-Rodríguez Omar R Alemán Fernando A Candanedo-González Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa Juan JoséMontesinos-Montesinos Mauricio Salcedo Ismael Brito-Toledo Felipe Vaca-paniagua Luis I Terrazas Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico Department of Biology Facultad de QuimicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Pathology National Medical Center Century XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio de Células Troncales Mesenquimales Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades OncológicasHospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina y Oncologia Genomica Instituto Mexciano del Seguro SocialMexico City 07300Mexico Servicio de Colon y Recto Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio Nacional en Salud Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer worldwide.CRC displays a desmoplastic reaction(DR)that has been inversely associated with poor prognosis;less DR is associated with a better prognosis.This reaction generates excessive connective tissue,in which cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are critical cells that form a part of the tumor microenvironment.CAFs are directly involved in tumorigenesis through different mechanisms.However,their role in immunosuppression in CRC is not well understood,and the precise role of signal transducers and activators of transcription(STATs)in mediating CAF activity in CRC remains unclear.Among the myriad chemical and biological factors that affect CAFs,different cytokines mediate their function by activating STAT signaling pathways.Thus,the harmful effects of CAFs in favoring tumor growth and invasion may be modulated using STAT inhibitors.Here,we analyze the impact of different STATs on CAF activity and their immunoregulatory role.

关键词： Cancer-associated fibroblasts Signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling Colorectal cancer Immunity Immunosuppression

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Design and optimization of supersonic turbines for detonation combustors

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第11期35卷 33-44页

作者： Jorge SOUSA Elena COLLADO-MORATA Guillermo paniagua Flemish InstituteforTechnological Research Mol 2400Belgium Commissariat à lénergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Le Barp 33114France Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest-Lafayette IN 47906USA

Detonation-based engines offer a potential surge in efficiency for compact thermal power systems. However, these cycles require ad-hoc components adapted to the high outlet velocity from the detonation combustors. This paper presents the design methodology of turbine stages suitable for supersonic inlet conditions and provides a detailed analysis of optimized turbine geometries. A reduced-order solver examines the supersonic blade rows’ functional design space, quantifies the turbine’s non-isentropic performance, and budgets the turbine loss for different optimized leading-edge designs and chord to pitch ratios. The shock-wave interactions were identified as the predominant contributor to turbine losses, and optimal pitch-chord ratios were determined for various inlet Mach numbers. Finally, with this tool, the specific-power output for a wide range of design configurations was computed;and the metal angle that ensures flow starting and maximizes power extraction was calculated. The detailed numerical study describes the flow interactions in a supersonic turbine and offers new correlations to guide the design of future supersonic turbines.

关键词： Rotating detonation Shock waves Supersonic flow Turbines Unstarting

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Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2128-2139页

作者： Alberto Pérez-Gómez Joana Vitallé Carmen Gasca-Capote Alicia Gutierrez-Valencia maría Trujillo-Rodriguez Ana Serna-Gallego Esperanza Muñoz-Muela maría de los Reyes Jiménez-Leon Mohamed Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia Inmaculada Rivas-Jeremias Cesar Sotomayor Cristina Roca-Oporto Nuria Espinosa Carmen Infante-Domínguez Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Alberto Fernández-Villar Alexandre Pérez-González Luis Fernando López-Cortés Eva Poveda Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos JoséMiguel Cisneros Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre Judith Berastegui-Cabrera Pedro Camacho-martínez Carmen Infante-Domínguez marta Carretero-Ledesma Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Eduardo Márquez JoséManuel Lomas Claudio Bueno Rosario Amaya JoséAntonio Lepe Jerónimo Pachón Elisa Cordero Javier Sánchez-Céspedes Manuela Aguilar-Guisado Almudena Aguilera Clara Aguilera Teresa Aldabo-Pallas Verónica Alfaro-Lara Cristina Amodeo Javier Ampuero maría Dolores Avilés maribel Asensio Bosco Barón-Franco Lydia Barrera-Pulido Rafael Bellido-Alba Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel Candela Caballero-Eraso Macarena Cabrera Enrique Calderón Jesús Carbajal-Guerrero Manuela Cid-Cumplido Yael Corcia-Palomo Juan Delgado Antonio Domínguez-Petit Alejandro Deniz Reginal Dusseck-Brutus Ana Escoresca-Ortega Fátima Espinosa Nuria Espinosa Michelle Espinoza Carmen Ferrándiz-Millón marta Ferrer Teresa Ferrer Ignacio Gallego-Texeira Rosa Gámez-Mancera Emilio garcía Horacio garcía-Delgado Manuel garcía-Gutiérrez maría Luisa Gascón-Castillo Aurora González-Estrada Demetrio González Carmen Gómez-González Rocío González-León Carmen Grande-Cabrerizo Sonia Gutiérrez Carlos Hernández-Quiles Inmaculada Concepción Herrera-Melero marta Herrero-Romero Luis Jara Carlos Jiménez-Juan Silvia Jiménez-Jorge Mercedes Jiménez-Sánchez Julia Lanseros-Tenllado Carmina López Isabel López Álvaro López-Barrios Luis F.López-Cortés Rafael Luque-Márquez Daniel Macías-garcía Guillermo martín-Gutiérrez Luis martín-Villén JoséMolina Aurora Morillo maría Dolores Navarro-Amuedo Dolores Nieto-martín Francisco Ortega maría paniagua-garcía Amelia Peña-Rodríguez E Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases Microbiology and Preventive MedicineInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville(IBiS)Virgen del Rocío University HospitalCSICUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of Medical Biochemistry Molecular Biologyand ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain Pneumology Service Galicia Sur Health Research Instituto(IIS Galicia Sur)SERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Infectious Diseases Unit Department of Internal MedicineComplexo HospitalarioUniversitario de VigoIIS Galicia SurSERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Group of Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute(IIS Galicia Sur)-Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de VigoSERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Unit of Infectious Diseases Microbiologyand Preventive MedicineVirgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Institute of Biomedicine of Seville(IBiS) Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of SevilleSevilleSpain Medico-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Unit of Emergencies Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Intensive Care Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Department of Medicine University of SevilleSevilleSpain Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Rheumatology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Internal Medicine Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Digestive and Hepatobiliary Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Urology and Nephrology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Unit of Clinical Investigation and Clinical Trials Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components.Dendritic cells(DCs)play a key role in the defense against viral infections,for instance plasmacytoid DCs(pDCs),have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha(IFN-α).In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-αproduction,which has been associated with disease severity.In this work,we described that in addition to the DC deficiency,several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients,which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers.Remarkably,previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Moreover,the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients,while no restoration of integrinβ7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase(IDO)levels were observed.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Dendritic cell Long-COVID

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Effect of the filling season on aquatic plants in Mediterranean temporary ponds

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 502-510页

作者： Rocío Fernández-Zamudio Pablo garcía-Murillo Carmen Díaz-paniagua Doñana Biological Station-CSIC Avda.Américo Vespucio s/n41092 SevilleSpain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain

Aims Pond environmental conditions may differ among years with regards to the season in which ponds begin to fill.We experimen-tally evaluated how seedling emergence,plant growth and phe-nology differed among years in which filling occurred in winter,autumn or spring.Methods We collected sediments from a natural temporary pond and located them in aquariums.They were placed in a climatic chamber that simulated annual variation in field environmental temperatures and light conditions.Aquariums were assigned to one of three treat-ments,which differed in the date on which they were filled with water(autumn,winter and spring).We counted the number of seed-lings of different species emerged and recorded data about the pres-ence of flowers,seeds or spores every week.The experiment was finished in June,when we harvested the plants and estimated their biomass.Important Findings In most species,seedling emergences were primarily related to time after filling,and thus synchronized their life cycles with the unpre-dictably timed wet phase of the ponds.Autumn filling resulted in the highest numbers of seeds/spores.However,winter filling pro-moted plant growth the most.In the spring filling treatment,more terrestrial plant seedlings emerged and fewer seeds/spores were produced.When ponds are flooded earlier,plants may produce a higher number of propagules.However,in years when inundation is delayed to spring and hydroperiods are short,seedling emergence deplete the seed bank and there is little to no seed production,while terrestrial monocots are able to colonize pond basin.

关键词： Aquatic plants temporary ponds seed bank seedlings germination

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High resolution multispectral spatial light modulators based on tunable Fabry-Perot nanocavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1227-1237页

作者： Shampy Mansha Parikshit Moitra Xuewu Xu Tobias Wwmass Rasna maruthiyodan Veetil Xinan Liang Shi-Qiang Li Ramon paniagua-Dominguez Arseniy I.Kuznetsov Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)138634 SingaporeSingapore

Spatial light modulators(SLMs)are the most relevant technology for dynamic wavefront manipulation.They find diverse applications ranging from novel displays to optical and quantum communications.Among commercial SLMs for phase modulation,Liquid Crystal on Silicon(LCoS)offers the smallest pixel size and,thus,the most precise phase mapping and largest field of view(FOV).Further pixel miniaturization,however,is not possible in these devices due to inter-pixel cross-talks,which follow from the high driving voltages needed to modulate the thick liquid crystal(LC)cells that are necessary for full phase control.Newly introduced metasurface-based SLMs provide means for pixel miniaturization by modulating the phase via resonance tuning.These devices,however,are intrinsically monochromatic,limiting their use in applications requiring multi-wavelength operation.Here,we introduce a novel design allowing small pixel and multi-spectral operation.Based on LC-tunable Fabry-Perot nanocavities engineered to support multiple resonances across the visible range(including red,green and blue wavelengths),our design provides continuous 2π phase modulation with high reflectance at each of the operating wavelengths.Experimentally,we realize a device with 96 pixels(~1 μm pitch)that can be individually addressed by electrical biases.Using it,we first demonstrate multi-spectral programmable beam steering with FOV~18° and absolute efficiencies exceeding 40%.Then,we reprogram the device to achieve multi-spectral lensing with tunable focal distance and efficiencies~27%.Our design paves the way towards a new class of SLM for future applications in displays,optical computing and beyond.

关键词： tunable tuning spectral

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Clival Salivary Heterotopia (Salivary Choristoma): A Rare Radiopathogical Lesión

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第4期12卷 115-119页

作者： Javier Ortiz Juan Carlos paniagua Luis Chinchilla Enrique Montero Elisa Muñoz maría Dolores Ludeña Dpto. de Biología Celular y Patología (Universidad de Salamanca) Servicio de Anatomía Patológica (Hospital Universitario de Salamanca) Salamanca Spain Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico (Hospital Universitario de Salamanca) Salamanca Spain

Objective: To describe the radiological and pathological presentation of a salivary heterotopia in clivus. The lesion was detected incidentally in a 57-year-old woman. Material and Methods: Radiologic imaging (CT scan and MRI) and histological picture obtained from a clival lesion. Results: Radiologically the lesion presented as a well-limited lytic lesion with a diameter of 1.5 cm and accompanied by a cerebrospinal fluid secondary fistula. Histological examination revealed non-pathological salivary gland tissue. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis of this rare entity mandates a histological examination of the lesion.

关键词： Salivary Heterotopia Clivus

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Laboratory Life:Twenty Years of Experimental Research with Locals and New Comers in Remote Rural Areas

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Journal of Geographical Research 2023年第2期6卷 1-14页

作者： Angel paniagua Spanish Council for Scientific Research(CSIC) Madrid28002Spain

Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.

关键词： Laboratory life Qualitative research Rural areas Social change Experimental research

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Pontocerebellar Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. Radiological, Clinical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Findings in a Hematological Patient

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Open Journal of Pathology 2023年第4期13卷 177-183页

作者： Javier Ortiz Juan Carlos paniagua Isidro Cavaco Raquel Rivas Andrea Jimenez Luis Chinchilla Elisa Muñoz maría Dolores Ludeña Departamento de Biología Celular y Patología Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) Salamanca Spain Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain

Objective: To describe the radiological, histological and immunohistochemical findings in a case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) affecting the cerebellar peduncles in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Patient and Methods: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), histological picture (H.E., Kluver-Barrera) and immunohistochemical picture (GFAP, neurofilaments, CD68, JC virus) were obtained. Results: 1) Magnetic resonance imaging: Asymmetric and progressive lesions on middle cerebellar peduncles, that were hyperintense in T2/FLAIR, extended towards the pons, had no mass effect and were unmodified after intravenous contrast. 2) Histology: marked reactive gliosis with cytopathic changes suggesting viral infection, plus demyelination areas with axonal preservation. 3) Immunohistochemistry: marked positivity for viral (polyoma and JC virus) markers in glial cells showing cytopathic changes. Conclusions: The importance of histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis in everyday assistance;of the collaboration between clinicians, radiologists and pathologists;and the validity of postmortem studies as a key element for research and clinical quality assessment must be stressed.

关键词： Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy JC Virus Immunohistochemistry

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