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Influence of free fatty acid content and degree of fat saturation on production performance,nutrient digestibility,and intestinal morphology of laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 313-323页

作者： maría Palomar Carlos Garces-Narro Olga Piquer Roser sala Alba Tres Jose AGarcía-Bautista maría d.soler AviFeed science Department of Animal Production and HealthFacultad de VeterinariaUniversidad CEU Cardenal Herrera e CEU UniversitiesE-46115Alfara de PatriarcaValenciaSpain Animal Nutrition and Welfare service Department of Animal and Food ScienceFacultat de VeterinariaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaE-08193BellaterraBarcelonaSpain departament de Nutrici Ciencies de l’Alimentaci i GastronomiaFacultat de Farmacia i Ciencies de l’AlimentaciUniversitat de BarcelonaE-08921Santa Coloma de GramenetBarcelonaSpain

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary free fatty acid(FFA)content and degree of fat saturation on production performance,lipid and calcium digestibility,and intestinal function of laying *** a 15-week period,a total of 144 laying hens(19 weeks old)were randomly assigned to 8 dietary treatments,which were obtained by gradually replacing crude soybean oil with soybean acid oil(AO),or crude palm oil with palm fatty acid distillate(FAd).Thus,there were 4 soybean and 4 palm diets with 6%added fat varying in their FFA percentage(10%,20%,30%,and 45%),following a 2×4 factorial *** treatment included 6 replicates with 3 birds per *** daily feed intake and final body weight were significantly higher in palm diets(Pdifferences were found in egg mass and feed conversion *** levels of FFA in soybean diets resulted in lower egg production and higher egg weight(linear,Pding the degree of fat saturation,hens fed soybean diets presented higher digestibility of ether extract(EE),fatty acids,and calcium than palm diets(Pdietary FFA percentage negatively affected the digestibility of EE and calcium(Ps a significant interaction in the AME;lower values were reported in soybean diets as the dietary FFA percentage increased(linear,Ps palm diets remained *** experimental diets had little effect on gastrointestinal weight and ***,the jejunum of soybean diets showed higher villus height and higher villus height-to-crypt depth ratio than palm diets(Pd the dietary FFA percentage increased the crypt depth and decreased the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(linear,Ps concluded that varying dietary FFA content did not affect fat utilization as much as the degree of saturation did,supporting the use of AO and FAd as alternative fat ingredients.

关键词： Acid oil Fat by-product Fatty acid distillate Lipid Calcium

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Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa M.G.Cassiano Roney s.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNs)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

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Composition and Physico-Chemical Properties of Meat from Capons Fed Cereals

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1953-1960页

作者： Olga díaz Luisana Rodríguez Alexandr Torres ngel Cobos Food Technology division Department of Analytical ChemistryNutrition and Food ScienceFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Santiago de Compostela

Chemical composition, physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition of breast and drumstick meat from capons （castrated male cockerels） fed cereals were studied. Three groups of capons were reared. One group was fed ad libitum the same commercial diet until the 4th mon of life. The last month of its life, the capons of this group were fed corn. The second and third group of capons were fed the same diet from caponization. The second group was fed mixture of corn （50%） and wheat （50%）. The third group of capons was fed 2/3 corn and 1/3 mixture of corn （50%） and barley （50%）. Capons were reared under free-range conditions and slaughtered at 150 d of age. Caponization was performed at 48 d. No signiifcant effects of feeding in chemical composition, pH, water holding capacity, drip and cooking losses and texture of the meat were observed. The meat of the third group （capons fed 83%corn） was more yellow and showed higher content of C18：2 than that of the other capons.

关键词： castrated male cockerel feeding meat quality fatty acids

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A comparison of process performance during the anaerobic mono-and co-digestion of slaughterhouse waste through different operational modes

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2018年第2期30卷 149-156页

作者： Jhosané Pagés-díaz Ileana Pereda-Reyes Jose Luis sanz Magnus Lundin Mohammad J.Taherzadeh Ilona sárvári Horváth Process Engineering Centre (CIPRO) Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana "José Antonio Echeverría" (Technical University of Havana "José A. Echeverría") (Cujae) swedish Centre for Resource Recovery University of Bor?s department of Molecular Biology Autonomous University of Madrid

The use of consecutive feeding was applied to investigate the response of the microbial biomass to a second addition of substrates in terms of biodegradation using batch tests as a promising alternative to predict the behavior of the process. Anaerobic digestion（Ad） of the slaughterhouse waste（sB） and its co-digestion with manure（M）, various crops（VC）, and municipal solid waste were evaluated. The results were then correlated to previous findings obtained by the authors for similar mixtures in batch and semi-continuous operation modes. Ad of the sB failed showing total inhibition after a second feeding. Co-digestion of the sB ＋ M showed a significant improvement for all of the response variables investigated after the second feeding, while co-digestion of the sB ＋ VC resulted in a decline in all of these response variables. similar patterns were previously detected, during both the batch and the semi-continuous modes.

关键词： Co-digestion Biomethane potential test second feeding specific methanogenic activity slaughterhouse waste

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Comparing Fine-Tuning, Zero and Few-shot strategies with Large Language Models in Hate speech detection in English

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2849-2868页

作者： Ronghao Pan JoséAntonio García-díaz Rafael Valencia-García departamento de Informática y sistemas Universidad de MurciaCampus de EspinardoMurcia30100Spain

Large Language Models(LLMs)are increasingly demonstrating their ability to understand natural language and solve complex tasks,especially through text *** of the relevant capabilities is contextual learning,which involves the ability to receive instructions in natural language or task demonstrations to generate expected outputs for test instances without the need for additional training or gradient *** recent years,the popularity of social networking has provided a medium through which some users can engage in offensive and harmful online *** this study,we investigate the ability of different LLMs,ranging from zero-shot and few-shot learning to *** experiments show that LLMs can identify sexist and hateful online texts using zero-shot and few-shot approaches through information ***,it is found that the encoder-decoder model called Zephyr achieves the best results with the fine-tuning approach,scoring 86.811%on the Explainable detection of Online sexism(EdOs)test-set and 57.453%on the Multilingual detection of Hate speech Against Immigrants and Women in Twitter(HatEval)***,it is confirmed that the evaluated models perform well in hate text detection,as they beat the best result in the HatEval task *** error analysis shows that contextual learning had difficulty distinguishing between types of hate speech and figurative ***,the fine-tuned approach tends to produce many false positives.

关键词： Hate speech detection zero-shot few-shot fine-tuning natural language processing

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small molecules to target tau amyloid aggregation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 509-511页

作者： Zoe Manglano-Artuñedo samuel Peña-díaz salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Protein aggregation has been linked with many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)or Parkinson’s *** belongs to a group of heterogeneous and incurable neurodegenerative disorders collectively known as *** comprise frontotemporal dementia,Pick’s disease,or corticobasal degeneration,among *** symptomatology varies with the specific tau protein variant involved and the affected brain region or cell ***,they share a common neuropathological hallmark-the formation of proteinaceous deposits named neurofibrillary *** tangles,primarily composed of aggregated tau(Zhang et al.,2022),disrupt normal neuronal functions,leading to cell death and cognitive decline.

关键词： tau degeneration aggregation

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Mixed reality head mounted displays for enhanced indoor point cloud segmentation with virtual seeds

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Resilient Cities and structures 2024年第3期3卷 43-52页

作者： Juan C.Navares-Vázquez Pedro Arias Lucía díaz-Vilarino Jesús Balado CINTECX Universidade de VigoGeoTECH group36310 VigoSpain

Mixed Reality(MR)Head Mounted displays(HMds)offer a hitherto underutilized set of advantages compared to conventional 3d *** benefits,inherent to MR-HMds albeit not originally intended for such appli-cations,encompass the freedom of hand movement,hand tracking capabilities,and real-time mesh *** study leverages these attributes to enhance indoor scanning *** primary innovation lies in the con-ceptualization of manual-positioned MR virtual seeds for the purpose of indoor point cloud segmentation via a region-growing *** proposed methodology is effectively implemented using the HoloLens 2 *** application is designed to enable the remote placement of virtual tags based on the user’s visual focus on the MR-HMd *** non-intrusive interface is further enriched with expedited tag saving and deletion functionalities,as well as augmented tag visualization through overlaying them on real-world *** assess the practicality of the proposed method,a comprehensive real-world case study spanning an area of 330 s^(2) is ***,the survey demonstrates remarkable efficiency,with 20 virtual tags swiftly deployed,each requiring a mere 2 s for precise ***,these virtual tags are employed as seeds in a region-growing algorithm for point cloud *** accuracy of virtual tag positioning is found to be exceptional,with an average error of 2.4±1.8 ***,the user experience is significantly enhanced,leading to improved seed positioning and,consequently,more accurate final segmentation results.

关键词： Augmented reality eXtended Reality Handheld mobile laser scanning Region growing semantic segmentation

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Liquid biopsy for gastric cancer:Techniques,applications,and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1680-1705页

作者： Cristina díaz del Arco M Jesús Fernández Aceñero Luis Ortega Medina department of surgical Pathology Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San CarlosHospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid 28040Spain department of Legal Medicine Psychiatry and PathologyUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain

After the study of circulating tumor cells in blood through liquid biopsy(LB),this technique has evolved to encompass the analysis of multiple materials originating from the tumor,such as nucleic acids,extracellular vesicles,tumor-educated platelets,and other ***,research has extended to include the examination of samples other than blood or plasma,such as saliva,gastric juice,urine,or *** techniques are diverse,intricate,and *** must be highly sensitive,and pre-analytical,patient,and tumor-related factors significantly influence the detection threshold,diagnostic method selection,and potential ***,the implementation of LB in clinical practice still faces several *** potential applications of LB range from early cancer detection to guiding targeted therapy or immunotherapy in both early and advanced cancer cases,monitoring treatment response,early identification of relapses,or assessing patient *** the other hand,gastric cancer(GC)is a disease often diagnosed at advanced *** recent advances in molecular understanding,the currently available treatment options have not substantially improved the prognosis for many of these *** application of LB in GC could be highly valuable as a non-invasive method for early diagnosis and for enhancing the management and outcomes of these *** this comprehensive review,from a pathologist’s perspective,we provide an overview of the main options available in LB,delve into the fundamental principles of the most studied techniques,explore the potential utility of LB application in the context of GC,and address the obstacles that need to be overcome in the future to make this innovative technique a game-changer in cancer diagnosis and treatment within clinical practice.

关键词： Liquid biopsy Gastric cancer Circulating tumor cells Cell-free dNA Circulating tumor dNA Molecular

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A systematic review of progenitor survival and maturation in Parkinsonian models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3172-3178页

作者： Giulia Comini Eilís dowd Pharmacology&Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Center University of GalwayGalwayIreland

stem cell-based brain repair is a promising emergent therapy for Parkinson's disease based on years of foundational research using human fetal donors as a cell *** current therapeutic options for patients,this approach has the potential to provide longterm stem cell–derived reconstruction and restoration of the dopaminergic input to denervated regions of the brain allowing for restoration of certain functions to *** ultimate clinical success of stem cell–derived brain repair will depend on both the safety and efficacy of the approach and the latter is dependent on the ability of the transplanted cells to survive and differentiate into functional dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinsonian *** the pre-clinical literature suggests that there is considerable variability in survival and differentiation between studies,the aim of this systematic review was to assess these parameters in human stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor transplant studies in animal models of Parkinson's disease.A defined systematic search of the PubMed database was completed to identify relevant studies published up to march *** screening,76 articles were included in the analysis from which 178 separate transplant studies were *** these,graft survival could be assessed in 52 studies and differentiation in 129 ***,we found that graft survival ranged froms transplanted,with a median of 51%of transplanted cells surviving in the brain;while dopaminergic differentiation of the cells ranged from 0% to 46% of cells transplanted with a median of 3%.This systematic review suggests that there is considerable scope for improvement in the differentiation of stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors to maximize the therapeutic potential of this approach for patients.

关键词： cell replacement therapy differentiation embryonic stem cells graft induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease survival transplant

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Renal function and choroidal thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography in diabetic patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第6期12卷 985-989页

作者： Antonio Manuel Garrido-Hermosilla mariola Méndez-Muros Estanislao Gutiérrez-sánchez Cristóbal Morales-Portillo maría Jesús díaz-GrANda Eduardo Esteban-González Isabel Relimpio-López maría Asunción martínez-Brocca Enrique Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa-Franch department of Ophthalmology Virgen Macarena University HospitalSeville 41009Spain OftaRed Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Virgen Macarena University HospitalSeville 41009Spain

AIM: To assess the relationship between choroidal thickness and renal function in diabetic patients. METHOds: Cross-sectional retrospective clinical study of 42 eyes of 21 ocular treatment-na?ve diabetic patients. demographic data included: age, sex, type and course of diabetes. Ocular data included: severity of diabetic retinopathy;retinal thickness at the central macular region, as well as choroidal thickness at the central and paracentral quadrants, using automatically generated maps by swept-source optical coherence tomography;presence of cystic macular edema;and ocular axial length(AXL). Lab-test parameters included: glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), albuminuria, albumin/creatinine ratio in urine, and glomerular filtration rate. REsULTs: A significant negative correlation was mainly observed between several choroidal thicknesses, age(Pd ocular AXL(Psignificant positive correlation was found between all choroidal thicknesses, HbA1 c(Pd albuminuria(PsION: Choroidal thickness can represent an additional tool to help clinicians predicting the renal status in ocular treatment-na?ve diabetic patients.

关键词： choroidal thickness renal function swept-source optical coherence tomography spectral-domain optical coherence tomography diabetes mellitus

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