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A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran ali khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir Sardar Asad ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen maqsood Mahmud Asiya Abdus Salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

Sentiment Analysis of Low-Resource Language Literature Using Data Processing and Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 713-733页

作者： Aizaz ali Maqbool khan Khalil khan Rehan Ullah khan Abdulrahman Aloraini Department of IT and Computer Science Pak-Austria Fachhochschule:Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripur22620Pakistan Software Competence Center Hagenberg Softwarepark 32aHagenberg4232Austria Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Digital SciencesNazarbayev UniversityAstana010000Kazakhstan Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityP.O.Box 1162BuraydahSaudi Arabia

Sentiment analysis, a crucial task in discerning emotional tones within the text, plays a pivotal role in understandingpublic opinion and user sentiment across diverse *** numerous scholars conduct sentiment analysisin widely spoken languages such as English, Chinese, Arabic, Roman Arabic, and more, we come to grapplingwith resource-poor languages like Urdu literature which becomes a challenge. Urdu is a uniquely crafted language,characterized by a script that amalgamates elements from diverse languages, including Arabic, Parsi, Pashtu,Turkish, Punjabi, Saraiki, and more. As Urdu literature, characterized by distinct character sets and linguisticfeatures, presents an additional hurdle due to the lack of accessible datasets, rendering sentiment analysis aformidable undertaking. The limited availability of resources has fueled increased interest among researchers,prompting a deeper exploration into Urdu sentiment analysis. This research is dedicated to Urdu languagesentiment analysis, employing sophisticated deep learning models on an extensive dataset categorized into fivelabels: Positive, Negative, Neutral, Mixed, and Ambiguous. The primary objective is to discern sentiments andemotions within the Urdu language, despite the absence of well-curated datasets. To tackle this challenge, theinitial step involves the creation of a comprehensive Urdu dataset by aggregating data from various sources such asnewspapers, articles, and socialmedia comments. Subsequent to this data collection, a thorough process of cleaningand preprocessing is implemented to ensure the quality of the data. The study leverages two well-known deeplearningmodels, namely Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), for bothtraining and evaluating sentiment analysis performance. Additionally, the study explores hyperparameter tuning tooptimize the models’ efficacy. Evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, and the F1-score are employed to assessthe effectiv

关键词： Urdu sentiment analysis convolutional neural networks recurrent neural network deep learning natural language processing neural networks

Metabolic complications of psychotropic medications in psychiatric disorders:Emerging role of de novo lipogenesis and therapeutic consideration

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 767-783页

作者： Mohammad M khan Zaw ali khan Mohsin ali khan Laboratory of Translational Neurology and Molecular Psychiatry Department of BiotechnologyEra’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospitaland Faculty of ScienceEra UniversityLucknow 226003India Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital Era UniversityLucknow 226003India

Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders(PDs),therapeutic advances have not been very *** psychotropic medications can reduce classical symptoms in patients with PDs,their long-term use has been reported to induce or exaggerate various pre-existing metabolic abnormalities including diabetes,obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The mechanism(s)underlying these metabolic abnormalities is not clear;however,lipid/fatty acid accumulation due to enhanced de novo lipogenesis(DNL)has been shown to reduce membrane fluidity,increase oxidative stress and inflammation leading to the development of the aforementioned metabolic ***,emerging evidence suggest that DNL dysregulation and fatty acid accumulation could be the major mechanisms associated with the development of obesity,diabetes and NAFLD after long-term treatment with psychotropic medications in patients with *** support of this,several adjunctive drugs comprising of anti-oxidants and antiinflammatory agents,that are used in treating PDs in combination with psychotropic medications,have been shown to reduce insulin resistance and development of *** conclusion,the above evidence suggests that DNL could be a potential pathological factor associated with various metabolic abnormalities,and a new avenue for translational research and therapeutic drug designing in PDs.

关键词： Psychotropic medications Metabolic complications De novo lipogenesis Obesity Diabetes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

A Hybrid and Lightweight Device-to-Server Authentication Technique for the Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3805-3823页

作者： Shaha Al-Otaibi Rahim khan Hashim ali Aftab Ahmed khan Amir Saeed Jehad ali Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Science and IT UET PeshawarJalozai Campus PeshawarPeshawar24240Pakistan Department of AI Convergence Network Ajou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a smart networking infrastructure of physical devices,i.e.,things,that are embedded with sensors,actuators,software,and other technologies,to connect and share data with the respective server *** IoTs are cornerstones in different application domains,the device’s authenticity,i.e.,of server(s)and ordinary devices,is the most crucial issue and must be resolved on a priority ***,various field-proven methodologies were presented to streamline the verification process of the communicating devices;however,location-aware authentication has not been reported as per our knowledge,which is a crucial metric,especially in scenarios where devices are *** paper presents a lightweight and location-aware device-to-server authentication technique where the device’s membership with the nearest server is subjected to its location information along with other ***,Media Access Control(MAC)address and Advance Encryption Scheme(AES)along with a secret shared key,i.e.,λ_(i) of 128 bits,have been utilized by Trusted Authority(TA)to generate MaskIDs,which are used instead of the original ID,for every device,i.e.,server and member,and are shared in the offline ***,TA shares a list of authentic devices,i.e.,server S_(j) and members C_(i),with every device in the IoT for the onward verification process,which is required to be executed before the initialization of the actual communication ***,every device should be located such that it lies within the coverage area of a server,and this location information is used in the authentication process.A thorough analytical analysis was carried out to check the susceptibility of the proposed and existing authentication approaches against well-known intruder attacks,i.e.,man-in-the-middle,masquerading,device,and server impersonations,etc.,especially in the IoT ***,proposed authentication and existing state-of-the-art approaches have been s

关键词： Internet of things authenticity security location communication

Sustainable pathways to ammonia: a comprehensive review of green production approaches

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 60-72页

作者： Ahmed, Hafiz Sharjeel Yahya, Zaid khan, Waqar ali Faraz, ali Univ Engn & Technol UET Lahore Pakistan NFC Inst Engn & Fertilizer Res Chem Engn Dept Faislabad Pakistan Univ Punjab Chem Engn Dept Lahore Pakistan

Ammonia production is vital in global industries but faces increasing environmental concerns, necessitating a shift towards sustainable methods. This review comprehensively explores diverse hydrogen production approaches and their potential impact on sustainable ammonia synthesis. The primary focus is investigating hydrogen production methods that enhance both efficiency and sustainability in ammonia synthesis, which is crucial for reducing its environmental footprint. Furthermore, the review highlights the pivotal role of catalysts in improving Faradaic efficiency in ammonia synthesis, emphasizing their significance in overall process efficiency. The study identifies innovative technologies that have the potential to revolutionize ammonia production while aligning with global sustainability goals. Through a thorough examination of hydrogen production methods and catalytic advances, this review provides valuable insight into greener and more efficient ammonia production practices. In conclusion, it emphasizes the importance of exploring hydrogen production methods and leveraging catalysts to improve ammonia production sustainability and efficiency. It addresses a critical research gap and paves the way for an environmentally responsible and globally aligned ammonia production industry. Hydrogen production methods that enhance both efficiency and sustainability in ammonia synthesis are reviewed, highlighting the pivotal role of catalysts in improving Faradaic efficiency in ammonia synthesis. It addresses a critical research gap and paves the way for an environmentally responsible and globally aligned ammonia production industry. Graphical Abstract

关键词： ammonia production green alternatives sustainability catalyst ELECTROCATALYTIC N-2 REDUCTION ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS NITROGEN ELECTROSYNTHESIS CATALYSTS CARRIER WATER

Assessment of Retreatment Tuberculosis Cases amongst All Tuberculosis Cases Notification in District Swat 2015-2017: A Retrospective Cohort Review

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第1期7卷 11-18页

作者： Zahir Shah maqsood ali khan Hina Najmi Razia Fatima Aashifa Yaqoob Abdul Ghafoor Ahmed Wali Amjad khan Shah Hasan khan Ghulam Mustafa Halepota Provincial Tuberculosis Control Program Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Sukh Initiative Aman Health Care Services Karachi Pakistan National Tuberculosis Control Program Islamabad Pakistan Provincial Tuberculosis Control Program Quetta Pakistan Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Center Lahore Pakistan

Retreatment Tuberculosis (TB) has long been a neglected area in global TB control. To determine the notification of re-treatment Tuberculosis TB cases among all enrolled TB patients, we conducted a retrospective cohort review of routine program data from 2015-2017. A total of 8663 tuberculosis cases (all new and old forms) were registered at the study site. Of these, 1916 (22%) were pulmonary bacteriological confirmed;3498 (40.37%) were pulmonary clinical diagnosed and 3396 (39.20%) were clinically or bacteriological confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Retreatment cases trend was found to be increased from 1% in 2015 to 1.6% in 2017. Majority of re-treatment cases were in the age group 18 - 43 years and only 7 patients were under the age of 15 years. This concludes that notification of re-treatment cases is very low among all enrolled TB patients and this could be possibly due to the fact that most of the re-treatment cases were registered as new cases or misdiagnosed. There is need and space to increase retreatment cases. Most of the re-treatment cases were usually converted to MDR-TB (Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis) as noted in PMDT (Programmatic management of Drugs resistant tuberculosis) site. Therefore, proper history and diagnosis should be encouraged at the time of case notification.

关键词： Retreatment TB Cases Retrospective Cohort Swat Pakistan

Evolutionary Safe Padé Approximation Scheme for Dynamical Study of Nonlinear Cervical Human Papilloma Virus Infection Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2275-2296页

作者： Javaid ali Armando Ciancio Kashif ali khan Nauman Raza Haci Mehmet Baskonus Muhammad Luqman Zafar-Ullah khan Department of Mathematics Govt.Graduate College TownshipLahore54770Pakistan Universitàdegli Studi di Messina Dipartimento di Scienze BiomedicheOdontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e FunzionaliMessina98122Italy Department of Mathematics University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan Mathematics Research Center Near East University TRNCMersin 10Nicosia99138Turkey Department of Mathematics and Science Education Faculty of EducationHarran UniversitySanliurfa63190Turkey Department of Dermatology Rashid Latif Medical CollegeLahore54600Pakistan

This study proposes a structure-preserving evolutionary framework to find a semi-analytical approximate solution for a nonlinear cervical cancer epidemic(CCE)*** underlying CCE model lacks a closed-form exact *** solutions obtained through traditional finite difference schemes do not ensure the preservation of the model’s necessary properties,such as positivity,boundedness,and ***,the development of structure-preserving semi-analytical approaches is always *** research introduces an intelligently supervised computational paradigm to solve the underlying CCE model’s physical properties by formulating an equivalent unconstrained optimization ***-free safe Padérational functions approximate the mathematical shape of state variables,while the model’s physical requirements are treated as problem *** primary model of the governing differential equations is imposed to minimize the error between approximate *** evolutionary algorithm,the Genetic Algorithm with Multi-Parent Crossover(GA-MPC),executes the optimization *** resulting method is the Evolutionary Safe PadéApproximation(ESPA)*** proof of unconditional convergence of the ESPA scheme on the CCE model is supported by numerical *** performance of the ESPA scheme on the CCE model is thoroughly investigated by considering various orders of non-singular Padéapproximants.

关键词： Nonlinear cervical cancer epidemic non-singular Padéapproximants approximate solutions computational biology

Development of anti-corrosive coating on AZ31 Mg alloy modified by MOF/LDH/PEO hybrids

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 586-607页

作者： Muhammad ali khan Ananda Repycha Safira Mohammad Aadil Mosab Kaseem Corrosion and Electrochemistry Laboratory Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

The self-assembly of hybrid inorganic-organic materials on stationary platforms plays a critical role in improving their structural stability and wide *** this work,a novel two-step hydrothermal approach is proposed for synthesizing stable and advanced hybrid coatings on metal-oxide platforms through the surface modification of layered double hydroxide(LDH)films using novel metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).Initially,Mg-Al LDH nanocontainers,grown on a magnesium oxide layer produced through plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)of AZ31 Mg alloy substrate,were intercalated with cobalt via an oxidation route,providing the metallic coordination center for the MOF *** the subsequent step,a pioneering technique is introduced,utilizing tryptophan as the organic linker for the first time at a pH of *** self-assembly of cobalt-tryptophan complex,driven by the strong bonding between electrophilic sites of monomers and nucleophilic sites,facilitated the formation of a MOF network having a cloud-like structure on the surface of MgAl LDH's *** resulting MOF-LDH encapsulation containers demonstrate exceptional electrochemical stability when exposed to a 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution,surpassing the performance of PEO and pure LDH *** enhanced stability is attributed to the development of a dense top layer and a stable composition within the self-assembled MOF,effectively sealing flaws and preventing the infiltration of corrosive ions into the underlying metallic *** formation mechanism of MOFs on LDH galleries is investigated using density functional theory calculations.

关键词： Mg alloy Layered double hydroxide Metal-organic frameworks Corrosion DFT

A new model of flow over stretching(shrinking)and porous sheet with its numerical solutions

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第3期39卷 381-397页

作者： Azhar ali Dil Nawaz khan Marwat Saleem Asghar Department of Mathematics Islamia College Peshawar 25120Jamrod roadPeshawarKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyPark RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The viscous fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching(shrinking)and porous sheets of nonuniform thickness are investigated in this *** modeled problem is presented by utilizing the stretching(shrinking)and porous velocities and variable thickness of the sheet and they are combined in a ***,the new problem reproduces the different available forms of flow motion and heat transfer maintained over a stretching(shrinking)and porous sheet of variable thickness in one *** a result,the governing equations are embedded in several parameters which can be transformed into classical cases of stretched(shrunk)flows over porous sheets.A set of general,unusual and new variables is formed to simplify the governing partial differential equations and boundary *** final equations are compared with the classical models to get the validity of the current simulations and they are exactly matched with each other for different choices of parameters of the current problem when their values are properly adjusted and ***,we have recovered the classical results for special and appropriate values of the parameters(δ_(1),δ_(2),δ_(3),c,and B).The individual and combined effects of all inputs from the boundary are seen on flow and heat transfer properties with the help of a numerical method and the results are compared with classical solutions in special *** is noteworthy that the problem describes and enhances the behavior of all field quantities in view of the governing *** result shows that the dual solutions can be found for different possible values of the shrinking parameter.A stability analysis is accomplished and apprehended in order to establish a criterion for the determinations of linearly stable and physically compatible *** significant features and diversity of the modeled equations are scrutinized by recovering the previous problems of fluid flow and heat transfer from a uniformly heated sheet

关键词： permeable stretching(shrinking)sheets sheet of variable thickness heat transfer numerical(dual)solutions stability analysis