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单次剂量环丙沙星与12次剂量红霉素治疗儿童霍乱的比较:一项随机、对照试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 4-4页

作者： Saha D. khan W.A. Karim M.M. 纪泛扑 Clinical Sciences Division ICDDR B GPO Box- 128 Dhaka 1000Bangladesh Dr.

Background: Single- dose ciprofloxacin is effective for the treatment of severe cholera in adults. We assessed whether single- dose ciprofloxacin would be as effective as 3- day, 12- dose erythromycin in achieving clinical cure in children with severe cholera. Methods: We did a randomised, open label, controlled trial in children age 2- 15 years with V cholerae O1 or O139 present in stool on dark- field microscopy. Children received either a single 20 mg/kg dose of ciprofloxacin (n = 90) or 12.5 mg/kg of erythromycin (n = 90) every 6 h for 3 days, and remained in hospital for 5 days. The primary outcome was clinical success of treatment, defined as cessation of watery stools within 48 h of start of drug treatment. Analysis was per protocol. This study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN00142272. Findings: Of 10 children randomised 162 completed the study. Treatment was clinically successful in 60% (47/78) of children treated with ciprofloxacin and in 55% (46/84) of those treated with erythromycin (difference 5% 95% CI - 10 to 21). Children receiving ciprofloxacin vomited less often (58% vs 74% ; difference 16% 2 to 30), had fewer stools (15 vs 21; 6 0 to 9), and less stool volume (152 vs 196 mL/kg; 43 mL/kg 13 to 87) than those receiving erythromycin. Bacteriological failure was more common in ciprofloxacin- treated patients (58% vs 30% ; 28% 13 to 43) than erythromycin- treated patients. Interpretation: Single- dose ciprofloxacin achieves clinical outcomes similar to, or better than, those achieved with 12- dose erythromycin treatment in childhood cholera, but is less effective in eradicating V cholerae from stool.

关键词：单次剂量对照试验儿童重症大便量暗视野显微镜水样便粪便检查随机化预后指标病例记录

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单剂量阿奇霉素治疗成人霍乱

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 4-4页

作者： Saha D. Karim M.M. khan W.A. 成虹 Clinical Sciences Division ICDDR B-Centre for Health and Population Research G.P.O. Box 128 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Dr.

BACKGROUND: Single-dose azithromycin is effective in the treatment of severe cholera in children, but its effectiveness in adults has not been evaluated. METHODS: We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial comparing the equivalence of azithromycin and ciprof loxacin (each given in a single 1-g dose of two 500-mg tablets) among 195 men with severe cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139. Patients were hospitalized for five days. A stool culture was performed daily. Primary outcome measures were clinical success (the cessation of watery stools within 48 hours after drug administration) and bacteriologic success (the inability to isolate V. cholerae after 48 hours). RESULTS: Therapy was clinically successful in 71 of 97 patients receiving azithromycin (73 percent) and in 26 of 98 patients receiving ciprofloxacin (27 percent) (P < 0.001) and bacteriologically successful in 76 of 97 patients receiving azithromycin (78 percent) and in 10 of 98 patients receiving ciprofloxacin (10 percent) (P< 0.001). Patients who were treated with azithromycin had a shorter duration of diarrhea than did patients treated with ciprofloxacin (median, 30 vs. 78 hours); a lower frequency of vomiting (43 percent vs. 67 percent); fewer stools (median, 36 vs. 52); and a lower stool volume (median, 114 vs. 322 ml per kilogram of body weight). The median minimal inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin for the 177 isolates of V. cholerae O1 was 0.25 μg per milliliter, which was 11 to 83 times as high as that in previous studies at this site. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose azithromycin was effective in the treatment of severe cholera in adults. The lack of efficacy of ciprofloxacin may result from its diminished activity against V. cholerae O1 strains currently circulating in Bangladesh.

关键词：临床显效儿童重症抗菌活性临床缓解大便培养水样便结果指标大便量最小抑菌浓度阿齐霉素

干草可改善饲喂大量牛奶犊牛的生产性能和瘤胃发育

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饲料博览 2012年第2期22卷 13-13页

作者： khan M A Weary D M Von KeyserlingkM A G 张树金不详

研究表明,犊牛断奶前采食饲草会限制其瘤胃发育,但是还没有研究提出饲草对喂给大量牛奶犊牛的作用。试验旨在评估提供大量牛奶(大约相当于20%犊牛初生体重)加干草或不加干草犊牛的生产性能和瘤胃发育。3日龄时,单独关养的犊牛随机分配... 详细信息

研究表明,犊牛断奶前采食饲草会限制其瘤胃发育,但是还没有研究提出饲草对喂给大量牛奶犊牛的作用。试验旨在评估提供大量牛奶(大约相当于20%犊牛初生体重)加干草或不加干草犊牛的生产性能和瘤胃发育。3日龄时,单独关养的犊牛随机分配给自由采食切短干草或没有干草的处理,每个处理15头犊牛,其中10头母牛、5头公牛。试验期间,所有犊牛可自由饮水和采食。第3～35天产奶量为8L.d-1,第36～53天为4L.d-1,此后直至第56天断奶为2L.d-1。第3～70天,监测固体饲料采食量和生长参数。第70天,屠宰2个处理的公牛,测定犊牛瘤胃发育参数。试验结果表明,在5周龄以前,处理之间的固体饲料总干物质采食量没有差别。6～10周龄期间,与不喂饲草的犊牛比较,饲喂饲草的犊牛采食更多的总干物质(开食料加干草)。第3、56和70天,处理之间犊牛的腰角高、体高、胸围和体躯无显著差异。与饲喂开食料的犊牛比较,饲喂干草犊牛的瘤网胃较重(含消化物12.77±1.29kg,7.99±0.69kg;不含内容物1.89±0.05kg,1.60±0.09kg)。没有消化物,饲喂饲草或不饲喂饲草犊牛的体重相似。与不饲喂饲草的犊牛比较,饲喂干草犊牛的瘤胃平均pH较高(5.49±0.08,5.06±0.04)。试验结果表明,给饲喂大量牛奶犊牛提供干草可提高固体饲料干物质采食量和瘤胃发育,而不会影响其体增重。

关键词：瘤胃发育奶犊牛生产性能干草饲喂自由采食初生体重断奶前

在过敏 bronchopulmonary 麴菌病的胸 X 光线照相术、计算的 tomographic 表明

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World Journal of Radiology 2012年第4期4卷 141-150页

作者： Ritesh Agarwal Ajmal khan Mandeep Garg Ashutosh N Aggarwal Dheeraj Gupta Department of Pulmonary Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Radiodiagnosis Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography(HRCT)chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)***:This is a prospective observational study and includes 60 consecutive glucocorticoid-naive patients with ABPA who underwent chest radiography and HRCT of the chest(1.25 mm every 10 mm)in the routine diagnostic workup for ***:Chest radiographs were normal in 50%of *** the remainder,most patients demonstrated permanent findings in the form of parallel line and ring shadows suggesting *** was detected in 17 cases but in the majority,the corresponding HRCT chest scan showed mucus-filled bronchiectatic *** HRCT was normal in 22 patients,while central bronchiectasis(CB)was demonstrated in the remaining 38 *** extended to the periphery in 33%-43%depending on the criteria used for defining *** other findings observed on HRCT were mucoid impaction,centrilobular nodules and high-attenuation mucus in decreasing order of ***:Patients with ABPA can present with normal HRCT chest *** bronchiectasis cannot be considered a characteristic feature of ABPA as peripheral bronchiectasis is commonly *** is an uncommon finding in ABPA.

关键词： Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis Chest radiograph High resolution computed tomography Computed tomography Aspergillus

巴基斯坦Karachi市医院的临床经验:患儿母亲在康复病房护理极低出生体重儿可缩短住院时间

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 5-5页

作者： Bhutta Z. A. khan I. Salat S. 李开 Dept. of Paediatr. and Child Health Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 748003Pakistan

研究背景:在发展中国家,极低出生体重婴儿(体重<1500g)的临床护理工作比较繁重,且住院时间多延长。1987年,巴基斯坦Karachi市Agakhan大学医学中心成立新生儿重症监护室。直到1993-1994年,该中心出生的极低出生体重儿住院时间仍保持在18-... 详细信息

研究背景:在发展中国家,极低出生体重婴儿(体重khan大学医学中心成立新生儿重症监护室。直到1993-1994年,该中心出生的极低出生体重儿住院时间仍保持在18-21d。故1994年9月。

关键词：极低出生体重儿 Karachi 病房护理康复病房临床护理亲在 neonatal 再次住院率大学医学中心 birth

应用OCT活体证实标准型和隐蔽型脉络膜新生血管解剖学上的差异

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 14-14页

作者： Hughes E.H. khan J. Patel N. 司冰心

Purpose: To determine architectural differences between classic and occult choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in vivo. Design: Prospective observational case series. Methods: Twenty- two patients with acute CNV underwent fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), which were analyzed by separate blinded observers. Results: In 87.5% of angiographically labeled “ classic” CNV a discreet subretinal lesion corresponding to the neovascular complex could be seen above and separate to the retinal pigment epithelium on OCT. This was found in only 13.3% of “ occult” CNV. Conclusion: With the latest commercially availableOCT equipment it is now possible to confirm in vivo the previously proposed anatomic differences between fluorescein angiographically labeled classic and occultCNV. Classic CNVappear to growpredominantly in the subretinal space, whereas the majority of occult lesions do not. Optical coherence tomography features of CNV may correlate with response to photodynamic therapy or angiostatic treatments, as well as predicting the success of surgical removal.

关键词：脉络膜新生血管 OCT 隐蔽型视网膜色素上皮视网膜下间隙眼底荧光造影光动力治疗荧光血管造影单盲前瞻性观察

成人肝外门静脉梗阻的内镜下套扎与内镜下硬化治疗:一项前瞻性随机研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 41-41页

作者： Zargar S.A. Javid G. khan B.A. 赵丽娜 Department of Gastroenterology Sher-i-Kashmir Inst. of Med. Sci. P.O. Box 27 Soura Srinagar Kashmir India Dr.

Endoscopic sclerotherapy is a well-established treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, although it has a substantial complication rate. A prospective randomized trial was conducted to determine whether endoscopic variceal ligation is safer and more effective than sclerotherapy in adults with bleeding esophageal varices because of extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. Thirty-six patients underwent sclerotherapy and 37 had band ligation. Ligation and sclerotherapy were equally effective for achieving variceal eradication (94.6%vs. 91.7%, respectively; p = 0.67). However, ligation achieved eradication with fewer endoscopic sessions (3.7 [1.2] vs. 7.7 [3.3]; p < 0.0001) and within a shorter time interval (50.1 [17.7] days vs. 99 [54.8]-days; p< 0.0001). In the ligation group, recurrent bleeding was less frequent (2.7%vs. 19.4%; p = 0.028; however, Bonferroni correction for multiple testing removes this significance) and the rate of major complications was lower (2.7%vs. 22.2%; p = 0.014). Total cost per patient was significantly higher in the sclerotherapy vs. the ligation group (＄216.6 [71.8] vs. ＄182.6 [63.4]; p = 0.035). During the follow-up period after variceal eradication, no significant differences were found between the sclerotherapy and the ligation groups with respect to recurrent bleeding (3%vs. 2.9%; p = 1.0), esophageal variceal recurrence (9.1%vs. 11.4%; p = 1.0), and formation of new gastric varices (9.1%vs. 14.3%; p = 0.51). Variceal band ligation is superior to sclerotherapy, because it is less costly and achieves variceal eradication more quickly, with lower relative frequencies of recurrent variceal bleeding and complications.

关键词：肝外门静脉梗阻套扎硬化治疗随机研究胃静脉曲张并发症发病率前瞻性随机试验扎法血管套复发率

1例Meigs综合征和腹膜神经胶质瘤病的病例报道及文献回顾

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 50-50页

作者： khan J. Mc Clennan B.L. Qureshi S. 李奎 Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yale New Haven Hospital South Pavillion 20 York Street New Haven CT 06510 United States

To the best of our knowledge, pseudo-Meigs syndrome (PMS)has never been described in the setting of gliomatosis peritonei (GP), both arising from an ovarian teratoma. We present a case of ovarian teratoma with both these rare findings. The case is unique as it presents two rare manifestations of ovarian teratoma in the same patient; there are many cases in the literature where both these manifestations have been described in different patients. The case is also rare because lymph node involvement along with gliomatosis was found. We review the literature for these two rare complications of ovarian teratoma.

关键词： Meigs综合征文献回顾卵巢畸胎瘤神经胶质瘤病淋巴结转移

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肉类制品安全和质量监测的智能包装技术概述

绿色包装 2018年第7期 79-79页

作者： Ishfaq Ahmed Hong Lin Long Zou Zhenxing Li Aaron L.Brody Ihsan Mabood Qazi Liangtao Lv Tushar Ramesh Pavase Mati Ullah khan Sohaib khan Lirui Sun

食品包装行业自成立以来经历了长足的发展.在过去几十年里,包装行业的创新使得智能包装（SP）系统的发展,在竞争激烈的食品行业中占据了一席之地.SP系统除了它们的基本作用一保护产品不受有害的生物、化学和物理损害,并保持其清洁之外,... 详细信息

食品包装行业自成立以来经历了长足的发展.在过去几十年里,包装行业的创新使得智能包装（SP）系统的发展,在竞争激烈的食品行业中占据了一席之地.SP系统除了它们的基本作用一保护产品不受有害的生物、化学和物理损害,并保持其清洁之外,在提高食品保质期和安全性方面具有巨大的潜力.指标和传感器,SP组件被用于实时监控肉类质量,和随后告知零售商和消费者产品的新鲜度、微生物、温度和保质期状况.在肉类包装中使用条码和无线电频率识别标签,以实时了解产品在供应链中的真实性和可追溯性.近年来,SP技术的创新使得肉和肉制品的新鲜度、微生物和保质期能够得到快速、灵敏和有效的检测、传感和保存记录.SP系统显示了对肉类行业广泛应用的承诺,以满足消费者对安全、优质肉制品以及减少浪费的观念需求.本文给出了更新正在进行的科学研究的概述,和最近的技术进步,发展智能的观点提供肉类包装系统能够监测的物理、微生物、化学变化的包装内容从生产商到销售点甚至更多,并修正这些潜在的不良反应.

关键词：肉类制品智能包装包装技术质量监测安全性无线电频率识别食品行业包装行业