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Recent advancements in hydrometallurgical recycling technologies of spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 879-899页

作者： Juan Wu Li Xiao Li Shen Jian-Jun ran Hui Zhong Yi-Rong Zhu Han Chen College of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou412007China School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Guangdong JiaNa Energy Technology Company Qingyuan513000China

The rapidly increasing production of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and their limited service time increases the number of spent LIBs,eventually causing serious environmental issues and resource *** the perspectives of clean production and the development of the LIB industry,the effective recovery and recycling of spent LIBs require urgent *** study provides an overview of the current hydrometallurgical processes employed in the recycling of spent cathode materials,focusing on the leaching of valuable metals and their *** particular,this research reviews the various leaching systems(inorganic acid,organic acid,and ammonia)and the separation of valuable metals,and then,recommendations for subsequent study are offered in an attempt to contribute to the development of highly efficient methods for recycling spent cathode *** addition,a range of existing technologies,such as solvent extraction,chemical precipitation,electrochemical deposition,and regeneration,for the postprocessing of leaching solutions are ***,the promising technologies,existing challenges and suggestions with respect to the development of effective and environmentally friendly recycling methods for handling spent cathode materials are identified.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Cathode material Hydrometallurgy Leaching Recycling

Groundwater Quality and Vulnerability Assessment in a Semiarid Karst Region of Northern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 313-316页

作者： ran An Shu Wang Zongjun Gao Zhenyan Wang Wei Li Qijun Deng Lü Lin Yuanqing Liu Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510China Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China

Groundwater plays a critical role in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring social operations,especially in arid and semiarid regions(Hu et al.,2023;Han et al.,2022;Ma et al.,2014).The over-exploitation of groundwater,coupled with the influx of pollutants from human activities into the soil,significantly degrades the environment in certain regions(Jia et al.,2019;Famiglietti,2014;Giordano,2009;Konikow and Kendy,2005;Bohlke,2002;Shah et al.,2000).

关键词： groundwater Groundwater Vul

Approximation Algorithms for Solving the 1-Line Minimum Steiner Tree of Line Segments Problem

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第3期12卷 729-755页

作者： Jian-Ping Li Su-Ding Liu Jun-ran Lichen Peng-Xiang Pan Wen-Cheng Wang Department of Mathematics Yunnan UniversityKunming650504YunnanChina School of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing650504China

We address the 1-line minimum Steiner tree of line segments(1L-MStT-LS)***,given a set S of n disjoint line segments in R^(2),we are asked to find the location of a line l and a set E_(l) of necessary line segments(i.e.,edges)such that a graph consisting of all line segments in S ∪ E_(l) plus this line l,denoted by T_(l)=(S,l,E_(l)),becomes a Steiner tree,the objective is to minimize total length of edges in E_(l) among all such Steiner ***,we are asked to find a set E_(0) of necessary edges such that a graph consisting of all line segments in S ∪ E_(0),denoted by T_(S)=(S,E_(0)),becomes a Steiner tree,the objective is to minimize total length of edges in E_(0) among all such Steiner trees,we refer to this new problem as the minimum Steiner tree of line segments(MStT-LS)*** addition,when two endpoints of each edge in Eo need to be located on two different line segments in S,respectively,we refer to that problem as the minimum spanning tree of line segments(MST-LS)*** obtain three main results:(1)Using technique of Voronoi diagram of line segments,we design an exact algorithm in time O(n log n)to solve the MST-LS problem;(2)we show that the algorithm designed in(1)is a 1.214-approximation algorithm to solve the MStT-LS problem;(3)using the combination of the algorithm designed in(1)as a subroutine for many times,a technique of finding linear facility location and a key lemma proved by techniques of computational geometry,we present a 1.214-approximation algorithm in time O(n^(3) log n)to solve the 1L-MStT-LS problem.

关键词： 1-Line minimum Steiner tree of line segments Minimum spanning tree of line segments Voronoi diagram of line segments Steiner ratio Approximation algorithms

Construction of MoP/MoS_(2) Core-shell Structure Electrocatalyst for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 490-498页

作者： MENG Dan ran Shunjiang GAO Ling ZHANG Yue SAN Xiaoguang ZHANG Lei LI Ruixiang JIN Quan College of Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142P.R.China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022P.R.China

Hydrogen energy stands out as one of the most promising alternative energy sources due to its cleanliness and *** water splitting offers a sustainable pathway for hydrogen ***,the kinetic rate of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is sluggish,emphasizing the critical need for stable and highly active electrocatalysts to facilitate HER and enhance reaction *** metal-based catalysts have garnered attention for their favorable catalytic activity in electrochemical hydrogen evolution in alkaline *** this investigation,flower-like nanorods of MoS_(2) were directly synthesized in situ on a nickel foam substrate,followed by the formation of MoP/MoS_(2)-nickel foam(NF)heterostructures through high-temperature phosphating in a tube furnace *** findings reveal that MoP/MoS_(2)-NF-450 exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance in an alkaline milieu,demonstrating a low overpotential(90 mV)and remarkable durability at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2).Comprehensive analysis indicates that the introduction of phosphorus(P)atoms enhances the synergistic effect with MoS_(2),while the distinctive flower-like nanorod structure of MoS_(2) exposes more active ***,the interface between the MoP/MoS_(2) heterostructure and NF facilitates electron transfer during hydrogen evolution,thereby enhancing electrocatalytic *** design and synthesis of such catalysts offer a valuable approach for the development of high-performance hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts.

关键词： MoP/MoS_(2) Core-shell structure Heterostructure Synergistic effect Hydrogen evolution reaction

Correlation of personality with individual reproductive success in shrub-nesting birds depends on their life history style

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-49页

作者： Jianchuan Li Wen Zhang Ningning Sun Yujie Wang Lifang Gao ran Feng Liqing Fan Bo Du Tibet Museum of Natural Science Lhasa850011China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Institute of Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhi860000China

Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain *** addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial ***,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy *** the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy *** reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and *** three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy *** regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic ***,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier *** is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could *** a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.

关键词： Boldness Life history style Personality Reproductive success Transcriptome analysis

Effect of micro-Al_(2)O_(3) powders on oxidation and corrosion behaviors of low-carbon MgO-C refractories

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1522-1534页

作者： Yang Chen Zeng-yi Li Hao-bo Tan Yu-ran Fu Jun Ding Cheng-ji Deng Chao Yu School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Institute of TechnologyHengyang 421002HunanChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

To solve the problem of poor high-temperature service performance caused by low carbonization of MgO-C refractories,low-carbon MgO–C refractories with excellent thermal shock,oxidation and corrosion resistances were successfully designed by using SiC whiskers as reinforcing phases and introducing micro-Al_(2)O_(3) powders as *** results indicated that the addition of micro-Al_(2)O_(3) powders optimized the internal structure of the material,like the columnar β-Si_(3)N_(4) with a stepped distribution and the mosaic structure formed between granular and flaky Mg_(2)SiO_(4),which synergistically strengthened and toughened the material and gave the material excellent mechanical properties and thermal shock ***,the cold modulus of rupture and cold crushing strength after thermal shock were increased by 4.1 and 20.3 MPa,***,the addition of micro-Al_(2)O_(3) powders promoted the formation of fine particles of Mg_(2)SiO_(4),MgAl_(2)O_(4) and MgO,as well as a dense protective layer of Mg_(2)SiO_(4) in the material under high-temperature ***,spinel and high-temperature solid solution were formed in the corrosion *** oxidation and corrosion resistances were greatly improved by 41%and 15%,respectively.

关键词： Low-carbon MgO-C refractory Oxidation resistance Corrosion resistance Thermal shock resistance Micro-Al_(2)O_(3)powder

Improving creep strength of the fine-grained heat-affected zone of novel 9Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel via modified thermo-mechanical treatment

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1037-1047页

作者： Jingwen Zhang Liming Yu Yongchang Liu ran Ding Chenxi Liu Zongqing Ma Huijun Li Qiuzhi Gao Hui Wang State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin Key Lab of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

The infamous type Ⅳ failure within the fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) in G115 steel weldments seriously threatens the safe operation of ultra-supercritical (USC) power *** this work,the traditional thermo-mechanical treatment was modified via the replacement of hot-rolling with cold rolling,i.e.,normalizing,cold rolling,and tempering (NCT),which was developed to improve the creep strength of the FGHAZ in G115 steel *** NCT treatment effectively promoted the dissolution of preformed M_(23)C_(6)particles and relieved the boundary segregation of C and Cr during welding thermal cycling,which accelerated the dispersed reprecipitation of M_(23)C_(6) particles within the fresh reaustenitized grains during post-weld heat *** addition,the precipitation of Cu-rich phases and MX particles was promoted evidently due to the deformation-induced *** a result,the interacting actions between precipitates,dislocations,and boundaries during creep were reinforced *** this strategy,the creep rupture life of the FGHAZ in G115 steel weldments can be prolonged by 18.6%,which can further push the application of G115 steel in USC power plants.

关键词： G115 steel fine-grained heat-affected zone creep strength element segregation nano-sized precipitates

Bilayer Compounded Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane for Enhanced Oil-Water Emulsion Separation

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 838-850页

作者： Yu-Liang Yang Tai-ran Zhang Yan-Ting Han Shao-Yun Guo Qin-Gong Rong Jia-Bin Shen State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversitySichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plastic/Rubber Complex Processing TechnologyChengdu610065China West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing Sichuan UniversityChengdu610041China Shandong Senrong New Materials Co. Ltd.Zibo256401China

In order to achieve efficient and durable oil-water emulsion separation,the membranes possessing high separation efficiency and mechanical strength attract extensive attention and are in great *** present study,a kind of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)-based bilayer membrane was fabricated by electrospinning fibrous PTFE(fPTFE)on an expanded PTFE(ePTFE)*** morphological observation revealed that the fibrous structure of the fPTFE layer could be tailored by controlling the formulation of spinning *** addition of appropriate polyoxyethylene(PEO)would make the fibers in the fPTFE layer finer and more *** a result,the compounded membrane exhibited a small pore size of approximately 1.25µm and a substantial porosity nearing 80%.This led to super-hydrophobicity,characterized by a high water contact angle(WCA)of 149.8°,and facilitated rapid oil *** water-in-oil emulsion separation experiment further confirmed that the compounded membrane not only had a high separation efficiency closing 100%,but such an outstanding separation capacity could be largely retained,either through multiple cycles of use or through strong acid(pH=1),strong alkali(pH=12),or high-temperature(100°C)***,the mechanical behavior of the bilayer membrane was basically contributed by that of each layer in terms of their volume *** significantly,the poor creep resistance of fPTFE layer was suppressed by compounding with ePTFE ***,this study has laid the groundwork for a novel approach to create PTFE-based compounded membranes with exceptional overall characteristics,showing promise for applications in the realm of emulsion separation.

关键词： ePTFE Electrospinning membrane Bilayer compounding Emulsion separation

Biochar alleviates apple replant disease by reducing the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and regulating microbial communities

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 657-671页

作者： Yinghao Liu Can Wang ran Chen Weitao Jiang Yun Li Chengmiao Yin Yanfang Wang Zhiquan Mao College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Apple replant disease(ARD)negatively affects plant growth and reduces yields in replanted *** this study,biochar was applied to apple replant soil with Fusarium *** aim was to investigate whether biochar could promote plant growth and alleviate apple replant disease by reducing the growth of harmful soil microorganisms,changing soil microbial community structure and improving the soil *** experiment included five treatments:apple replant soil(CK),methyl bromide fumigation apple replant soil(FM),replant soil with biochar addition(2%),replant soil with *** spore solution(8×10^(7)spores·mL^(-1)),and replant soil with biochar and *** spore solution *** biomass,the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and roots,and soil environmental variables were *** community composition and community structure were analyzed using 16SrDNA and ITS2 gene *** significantly reduced the abundance of *** and increased soil microbial diversity and *** also increased the soil enzyme activities(urease,invertase,neutral phosphatase,and catalase),the biomass(plant height,fresh weight,dry weight)and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase).The root indexes of apple seedlings was also increased in replant soil by *** sum,biochar promoted the growth of plants,improved the replant soil environment,and alleviated apple replant disease.

关键词： Biochar Fusarium oxysporum Apple replant disease Soil environment