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Identification of rural courtyards’utilization status using deep learning and machine learning methods on unmanned aerial vehicle images in north China

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 799-818页

作者： maojun wang Wenyu Xu Guangzhong Cao Tao Liu College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The issue of unoccupied or abandoned homesteads(courtyards)in China emerges given the increasing aging population,rapid urbanization and massive rural-urban *** the aspect of rural vitalization,land-use planning,and policy making,determining the number of unoccupied courtyards is *** and questionnaire-based surveys were currently the main approaches,but these traditional methods were often expensive and laborious.A new workflow is explored using deep learning and machine learning algorithms on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)***,features of the built environment were extracted using deep learning to evaluate the courtyard management,including extracting complete or collapsed farmhouses by Alexnet,detecting solar water heaters by YOLOv5s,calculating green looking ratio(GLR)by *** precisions exceeded 98%.Then,seven machine learning algorithms(Adaboost,binomial logistic regression,neural network,random forest,support vector machine,decision trees,and XGBoost algorithms)were applied to identify the rural courtyards’utilization *** Adaboost algorithm showed the best performance with the comprehensive consideration of most metrics(Accuracy:0.933,Precision:0.932,Recall:0.984,F1-score:0.957).Results showed that identifying the courtyards’utilization statuses based on the courtyard built environment is *** is transferable and cost-effective for large-scale village surveys,and may contribute to the intensive and sustainable approach to rural land use.

关键词： unoccupied homesteads courtyard built environment inner courtyard management GLR solar water heaters machine learning algorithms

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High-quality Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense genome assemblies reveal the landscape and evolution of centromeres

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 135-150页

作者： Xing Chang Xin He Jianying Li Zhenping Liu Ruizhen Pi Xuanxuan Luo Ruipeng wang Xiubao Hu Sifan Lu Xianlong Zhang maojun wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

Centromere positioning and organization are crucial for genome evolution;however,research on centro-mere biology is largely influenced by the quality of available genome ***,we combined Oxford Nanopore and Pacific Biosciences technologies to de novo assemble two high-quality reference genomes for Gossypium hirsutum(TM-1)and Gossypium barbadense(3-79).Compared with previously published reference genomes,our assemblies show substantial improvements,with the contig N50 improved by 4.6-fold and 5.6-fold,respectively,and thus represent the most complete cotton genomes to *** high-quality reference genomes enable us to characterize 14 and 5 complete centromeric regions for *** and ***,*** data revealed that the centromeres of allotetraploid cotton are occupied by members of the centromeric repeat for maize(CRM)and Tekay long terminal repeat families,and the CRM family reshapes the centromere structure of the At subgenome after *** two intertwined families have driven the convergent evolution of centromeres between the two subgenomes,ensuring centromere function and genome *** addition,the reposi-tioning and high sequence divergence of centromeres between *** and *** have contributed to speciation and centromere *** study sheds light on centromere evolution in a sig-nificant crop and provides an alternative approach for exploring the evolution of polyploid plants.

关键词： genome assembly centromere architecture convergent evolution polyploidization

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Identification of new cotton fiber-quality QTL by multiple genomic analyses and development of markers for genomic breeding

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 866-879页

作者： Haozhe Tan Binghui Tang Mengling Sun Qiulu Yin Yizan Ma Jianying Li Pengcheng wang Zhonghua Li Guannan Zhao maojun wang Xianlong Zhang Chunyuan You Lili Tu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Cotton Research Institute Shihezi Academy of Agriculture ScienceShihezi 832000XinjiangChina

Cotton fiber is one of the main raw materials for the textile *** recent years,many cotton fiber quality QTL have been identified,but few were applied in *** this study,a genome wide association study(GWAS)of fiber-quality traits in 265 upland cotton breeding intermediate lines(GhBreeding),combined with genome-wide selective sweep analysis(GSSA)and genomic selection(GS),revealed 25 *** of these QTL were ignored by only using *** CRISPR/Cas9 mutants of GhMYB_D13 had shorter fiber,which indicates the credibility of QTL to a certain *** these QTL were verified in other cotton natural populations,5 stable QTL were found having broad potential for application in ***,among these 5 stable QTL,superior genotypes of 4 showed an enrichment in most improved new varieties widely cultivated *** findings provide insights for how to identify more QTL through combined multiple genomic analysis to apply in breeding.

关键词： Cotton fiber quality breeding GWAS Genome-wide selective sweep analysis Genomic selection InDel markers

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农村耕地林化的非农就业视角解释——以山东省新泰市为例

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地理科学进展 2024年第4期43卷 709-726页

作者：马慧汶王茂军刘涛曹广忠首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院北京100048 北京大学城市与环境学院北京100871

近年来,中国农村地区出现了大量农民占用耕地栽树的耕地林化现象,与严禁耕地“非农化”、耕地“非粮化”的要求背道而驰,威胁了国家粮食安全。在工业化、城镇化的背景下,农村劳动力快速非农化与耕地利用方式转变密切相关。论文以山东省... 详细信息

近年来,中国农村地区出现了大量农民占用耕地栽树的耕地林化现象,与严禁耕地“非农化”、耕地“非粮化”的要求背道而驰,威胁了国家粮食安全。在工业化、城镇化的背景下,农村劳动力快速非农化与耕地利用方式转变密切相关。论文以山东省新泰市735个村庄为研究对象,将劳动力非农化细分为全户外迁型、部分外迁型、住村非农就业型,在分析2009—2019年耕地林化空间特征的基础上,构建多元回归方程,分析了农村劳动力非农化对耕地林化的复杂影响。研究发现:①新泰市村庄耕地林化在空间上呈现西多东少的分布格局,在西部呈现白马山脚下和中部平原两大集聚区,柴汶河流域村庄耕地林化相对较少。②农村劳动力非农化的三种类型存在明显的空间分异特征,村庄全户外迁规模、部分外迁规模刺激了耕地林化,其中,全户外迁刺激影响最大,其次为部分外迁。迁移到市外人数越多的村庄,耕地林化面积越大。村庄住村非农就业规模显著抑制了耕地林化,但这种抑制作用与其非农就业地点关系不大。③耕地林化在平原、丘陵村庄都普遍存在,坡度2°以上的村庄耕地林化面积较大,耕地林化多占用质量较差的耕地。④政府征地显著刺激耕地林化,且耕地林化具有空间邻近效应,但耕地流转对其具有抑制作用。此外,耕地林化受到认为粮食生产非常重要的村干部的抑制。研究结果展示了村庄耕地林化的动因,并为防治耕地林化提出可行途径。

关键词：耕地林化农村劳动力非农化人口外迁非农就业村庄尺度

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Genetic interrogation of phenotypic plasticity informs genome-enabled breeding in cotton

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第12期50卷 971-982页

作者： Yuefan Huang Zhengyang Qi Jianying Li Jiaqi You Xianlong Zhang maojun wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

Phenotypic plasticity, or the ability to adapt to and thrive in changing climates and variable environments, is essential for developmental programs in plants. Despite its importance, the genetic underpinnings of phenotypic plasticity for key agronomic traits remain poorly understood in many crops. In this study, we aim to fill this gap by using genome-wide association studies to identify genetic variations associated with phenotypic plasticity in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We identified 73 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs), 32 dominant QTLs, and 6799 epistatic QTLs associated with 20 traits. We also identified 117 additive QTLs, 28 dominant QTLs, and 4691 epistatic QTLs associated with phenotypic plasticity in 19 traits. Our findings reveal new genetic factors, including additive, dominant, and epistatic QTLs, that are linked to phenotypic plasticity and agronomic traits. Meanwhile, we find that the genetic factors controlling the mean phenotype and phenotypic plasticity are largely independent in upland cotton, indicating the potential for simultaneous improvement. Additionally, we envision a genomic design strategy by utilizing the identified QTLs to facilitate cotton breeding. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity in cotton, which should be valuable for future breeding.

关键词： Cotton Phenotype plasticity Genotype-environment interaction Genomic selection Genome-wide association studies

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Comparative genomic analyses reveal cis-regulatory divergence after polyploidization in cotton

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The Crop Journal 2022年第6期10卷 1545-1556页

作者： Jiaqi You Min Lin Zhenping Liu Liuling Pei Yuexuan Long Lili Tu Xianlong Zhang maojun wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina School of Pharmaceutical Sciences South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Polyploidization has long been recognized as a driver for the evolutionary formation of superior plant traits coupled with gene expression ***,knowledge of the effect of regulatory variation on expression changes following polyploidization remains *** this study,we characterized transcriptional regulatory divergence by comparing tetraploid cotton with its putative diploid *** identified 144,827,99,609,and 219,379 Tn5 transposase-hypersensitive sites(THSs)in Gossypium arboreum,***,and ***,respectively,and found that the conservation of promoter THSs was associated with coordination of orthologous genes *** observation was consistent with analysis of transcription-factor binding sites(TFBS)for 262 known motifs:genes with higher TFBS conservation scores(CS)showed less change than those genes with lower TFBS CS in expression *** influenced by genomic variation were involved in the novel regulation networks between transcriptional factors and target genes in tetraploid *** describe an example showing that the turnover of TFBS was linked to expression pattern divergence of genes involved in fiber development(fiber-related genes).Our findings reveal the regulatory divergence of the transcriptional network in cotton after polyploidization and characterizes the regulatory relationships of genes contributing to desirable traits.

关键词： Cotton Polyploidization Transcriptional regulation Fiber development

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Life cycle assessment of homogeneous Fenton process as pretreatment for refractory pharmaceutical wastewater

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 1-11页

作者： maojun Zou Jie Wei Yuanyuan Qian Yanjing Xu Zhihuang Fang Xuejing Yang Zhiyuan wang School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Engineering Laboratory of Lean Operational Technologies for Full Water System East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Mcwong Environmental Technology Company Limited Shanghai 200135China National Engineering Laboratory of High Concentration and Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The applicability of the life cycle assessment(LCA)to the Fenton process should be considered not only at the laboratory-scale but also at the *** this study,the LCA process was applied to evaluate the homo-geneous Fenton process for the treatment of high salinity pharmaceutical *** potential environmental impacts were calculated using Simapro software implemen-ting the CML 2001 methodology with normalization factors of 1995 *** data obtained directly from the full-scale wastewater treatment plant and labora-tory were used to conduct a life cycle inventory analysis,ensuring highly accurate *** normalized results,the Fenton process reveals sensitive indicators,primarily toxi-city indicators(human toxicity,freshwater aquatic toxicity,and marine aquatic toxicity),as well as acidification and eutrophication impacts,contributed by hydrogen peroxide and iron sludge incineration,***,hydrogen peroxide and iron sludge incineration contribute significantly,accounting for at least 78%of these *** sludge treatment phase,treatment of iron mud and infrastructure of hazardous waste incineration plants were the key contributors of environmental impacts,adding up to more than 95%.This study suggests the need to develop efficient oxidation processes and effective iron sludge treatment methods to reduce resource utilization and improve environmental benefits.

关键词： advanced oxidation processes full-scale life cycle assessment Fenton process pharmaceutical high-salinity wastewater

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Level and potential of cleaner production in Baosteel's sintering process

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Baosteel Technical Research 2010年第2期4卷 36-39页

作者： ZHOU maojun wang Yuefei Ironmaking Plant Baoshan Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200941 China

It is necessary for the sintering process to carry out cleaner production, which is also of great significance to the iron and steel enterprises of a long-flow process. According to the cleaner production standard recently issued by China＇ s Ministry of Environmental Protection, the research detailed in this study has analyzed and estimated the level of cleaner production at Baosteel in the aspects of technical equipment, resource and energy utilization, product quality, emissions, recycling and environmental management, etc. The research also expatiated some effective measures with which cleaner production can be carried out in Baosteel＇s sintering process, and discovered some potential opportunities of cleaner production.

关键词： sinter cleaner production total energy consumption discharge

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A comprehensive overview of cotton genomics,biotechnology and molecular biological studies

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 2214-2256页

作者： Xingpeng Wen Zhiwen Chen Zuoren Yang maojun wang Shuangxia Jin Guangda wang Li Zhang Lingjian wang Jianying Li Sumbul Saeed Shoupu He Zhi wang Kun wang Zhaosheng Kong Fuguang Li Xianlong Zhang Xiaoya Chen Yuxian Zhu Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Life Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesUniversity of CASChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyInnovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Shanxi Agricultural University Jinzhong 030801China

Cotton is an irreplaceable economic crop currently domesticated in the human world for its extremely elongated fiber cells specialized in seed epidermis,which makes it of high research and application *** date,numerous research on cotton has navigated various aspects,from multi-genome assembly,genome editing,mechanism of fiber development,metabolite biosynthesis,and analysis to genetic *** and 3D genomic studies reveal the origin of cotton species and the spatiotemporal asymmetric chromatin structure in *** multiple genome editing systems,such as CRISPR/Cas9,Cas12(Cpf1)and cytidine base editing(CBE),have been widely used in the study of candidate genes affecting fiber *** on this,the cotton fiber cell development network has been preliminarily *** them,the MYB-b HLH-WDR(MBW)transcription factor complex and IAA and BR signaling pathway regulate the initiation;various plant hormones,including ethylene,mediated regulatory network and membrane protein overlap fine-regulate *** transcription factors targeting Ces A 4,7,and 8 specifically dominate the whole process of secondary cell wall *** fluorescently labeled cytoskeletal proteins can observe real-time dynamic changes in fiber ***,research on the synthesis of cotton secondary metabolite gossypol,resistance to diseases and insect pests,plant architecture regulation,and seed oil utilization are all conducive to finding more high-quality breeding-related genes and subsequently facilitating the cultivation of better cotton *** review summarizes the paramount research achievements in cotton molecular biology over the last few decades from the above aspects,thereby enabling us to conduct a status review on the current studies of cotton and provide strong theoretical support for the future direction.

关键词： cotton genome assembly genome editing fiber development gossypol plant architecture oil utilization genetic breeding

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Physical mechanism of field modulation effects in ion implanted edge termination of vertical GaN Schottky barrier diodes

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Fundamental Research 2022年第4期2卷 629-634页

作者： Ruiyuan Yin Chiachia Li Bin Zhang Jinyan wang Yunyi Fu Cheng P.Wen Yilong Hao Bo Shen maojun wang School of Integated Circuis Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Schol of Physics Peking UniversityBejing 10o871China

In this study,the physical properties of F ion-implanted GaN were thoroughly studied,and the related electric-field modulation mechanisms in ion-implanted edge termination were *** electron microscopy *** indicate that the ion-implanted region maintains a single-crystal structure even with the implantation of high-energy F ions,indicating that the high resistivity of the edge termination region is not induced by ***,ion implantation-induced deep levels could compensate the electrons and lead to a highly resistive layer In addition to the bulk ffect,the direct bombardment of high-energy F ions resulted in a rough and nitrogen-deficient surface,which was confirmed via atomic force microscopy(AFM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,The implanted surface with a large density of nitrogen vacancies can accommodate electrons,and it is more conductive than the bulk in the implanted region,which is validated via spreading resistance profiling and conductive AFM *** reverse bias,the implanted surface can spread the potential in the lateral direction,whereas the acceptor traps capture electrons acting as space charges,shifting the peak electric field into the bulk region in the vertical *** a result,the Schottky barrier diode terminated with high-energy F ion-implanted regions exhibits a breakdown voltage of over 1.2 kv.

关键词： lon implantation Edge termination Electri field modulationeffect GaN Schottky barrier diodes

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