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Two Monte Carlo-based simulators for imaging-system modeling and projection simulation of flat-panel X-ray source

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 31-46页

作者： Meng-Ke Qi ting He Yi-Wen zhou Jing Kang Zeng-Xiang Pan Song Kang Wang-Jiang Wu Jun Chen Ling-Hong zhou Yuan Xu School of Biomedical Engineering Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and TechnologySchool of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Department of Radiotherapy Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China

The advantages of a flat-panel X-ray source(FPXS)make it a promising candidate for imaging *** imaging-system modeling and projection simulation are critical for analyzing imaging performance and resolving overlapping projection issues in *** conventional analytical ray-tracing approach is limited by the number of patterns and is not applicable to FPXS-projection ***,the computation time of Monte Carlo(MC)simulation is independent of the size of the patterned arrays in *** study proposes two high-efficiency MC projection simulators for FPXS:a graphics processing unit(GPU)-based phase-space sampling MC(gPSMC)simulator and GPU-based fluence sampling MC(gFSMC)*** two simulators comprise three components:imaging-system modeling,photon initialization,and physical-interaction simulations in the ***-system modeling was performed by modeling the FPXS,imaging geometry,and *** gPSMC simulator samples the initial photons from the phase space,whereas the gFSMC simulator performs photon initialization from the calculated energy spectrum and fluence *** entire process of photon interaction with the geometry and arrival at the detector was simulated in parallel using multiple GPU kernels,and projections based on the two simulators were *** accuracies of the two simulators were evaluated by comparing them with the conventional analytical ray-tracing approach and acquired projections,and the efficiencies were evaluated by comparing the computation *** results of simulated and realistic experiments illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed gPSMC and gFSMC simulators in the projection calculation of various phantoms.

关键词： Flat-panel X-ray source(FPXS) Imaging-system modeling Projection simulation Monte Carlo-based simulators

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Synthesis,phase transformation and applications of CeCO_(3)OH:A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1403-1420,I0001页

作者： zhou Zou Weihao Tian Xisong mao Junqi Li Yuanpei Lan Chaoyi Chen Hong Yong Sohn Junshan Zhang Fengyuan Liu Department of Metallurgical Engineering College of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang55025China Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Saving Guiyang550025China Guizhou Provincial University Key Laboratory of High-Performance Battery Materials Guiyang550025China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA

CeCO_(3)OH has a unique crystal structure and excellent optical,electronic and catalytic properties,which has been widely investigated for many ***,ceria obtained from CeCO_(3)OH has a morphology that is similar to that of the precursor,and the CeO_(2)-based products obtained from CeCO_(3)OH exhibit outstanding properties,such as catalytic performances,owing to their designed morphology and oxygen vacancies(OVs).To introduce CeCO_(3)OH into a wider range of potential researchers,we first systematically review the physico-chemical properties,synthesis,reaction and morphology tuning mechanism of CeCO_(3)OH,and summarize the conversion behavior from CeCO_(3)OH to ***,we thoroughly survey the applications of CeCO_(3)OH and its conversion *** for further investigations of CeCO_(3)OH are also made in this *** is hoped that the exhaustive co mpilation of the valuable properties and considerable potential investigations of CeCO_(3)OH will promote further applications of CeCO_(3)OH and CeO_(2)-based functional materials.

关键词： CeCO_(3)OH Morphology tuning CeO_(2) Catalyst Lanthanide compounds Rare earths

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Visualizing the crystallization of sodium chloride under supersaturated condition

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7786-7792页

作者： mao Ye Tao Xu Yuwei Xiong Yatong Zhu Mingrui zhou Longxiang Han Jinyi Sun Ming Qin Litao Sun SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of EducationSchool of Integrated CircuitsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Crystallization in supersaturated solution plays a fundamental role in a variety of natural and industrial ***,a thorough understanding of crystallization phenomena in supersaturated solution is still difficult because the real-time visualization of crystallization processes under supersaturated condition is a great ***,an electron beam-induced crystallization method was carried out in in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy(TEM)to visualize the crystallization of NaCl under supersaturated condition in real *** steps and behaviors in the crystallization of NaCl were captured and clarified,including the growth of NaCl nanocrystals with different morphologies,the formation of initial crystalline seeds from amorphous ion clusters,and the non-equilibrium growth behaviors caused by uneven distribution of precursor *** study provides the real-time visualization of detailed nucleation and growth behaviors in NaCl crystallization and brings an ideal strategy for investigating crystallization phenomena under supersaturated condition.

关键词： crystallization in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy(TEM) electron-water interaction sodium chloride

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Evaluation of microRNA expression profiles in human sperm frozen using permeable cryoprotectant-free droplet vitrification and conventional methods

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 366-376页

作者： Li-Xin Zhang Jing mao Yan-Dong zhou Guang-Yao mao Run-Fa Guo Hong-Shan Ge Xia Chen Department of Histology and Embryology Medical SchoolNantong UniversityNantong 226001China Department of Reproductive Medicine The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityTaizhou 225300China.

For sperm cryopreservation,the conventional method,which requires glycerol,has been used for a long *** addition,the permeable cryoprotectant-free vitrification method has been continuously *** the differences of cryopreservation effects between the two methods have being studied,differences in microRNA(miRNA)profiles between them remain *** this study,we investigated the differences in miRNA expression profiles among conventional freezing sperm,droplet vitrification freezing sperm and fresh human *** also analyzed the differences between these methods in terms of differentially expressed miRNAs(DEmiRs)related to early embryonic development and paternal *** results showed no significant differences between the cryopreservation methods in terms of sperm motility ratio,plasma membrane integrity,DNA integrity,mitochondrial membrane potential,acrosome integrity,and ultrastructural ***,sperm miRNA-sequencing showed differences between the two methods in terms of the numbers of DEmiRs(28 and 19 with vitrification using a nonpermeable cryoprotectant and the conventional method,respectively)in postthaw and fresh sperm *** related to early embryonic development and paternal epigenetics mainly included common DEmiRs between the *** results showed that the differences between conventional freezing and droplet vitrification were minimal in terms of miRNA expression related to embryonic development and *** in sperm miRNA expression due to freezing are not always detrimental to embryonic *** study compared differences in miRNA expression profiles before and after cryopreservation between cryopreservation by conventional and vitrification *** offers a new perspective to evaluate various methods of sperm cryopreservation.

关键词： cryopreservation cryoprotectant-free vitrification early embryonic development paternal epigenetic inheritance sperm miRNAs sucrose

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Effects of Reinforcement Content and Homogenization Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of in‑situ TiB_(2)/2219Al Composites

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1421-1437页

作者： Linwei Li Donghu zhou Kai Zhao Lifeng Jiang Huijun Kang Enyu Guo Feng mao Zongning Chen Tongmin Wang Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo 315000China National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang 471000China

Obtaining an appropriate grain size is crucial for Al alloys or Al matrix composites prior to processing,as it significantly influences the mechanical properties of components and workability during the manufacturing ***_(2)particles are exceptional grain refiners in Al and serve as excellent reinforcement particles for particulate-reinforced aluminum matrix ***,the optimal particle content for achieving excellent refinement and strengthening effects depends on the matrix composition and requires further ***,homogenization is essential for mitigating the element segregation in the *** it is anticipated that adding suitable particles can effectively inhibit undesired grain growth during homogenization,comprehensive investigations on this aspect are currently ***,TiB_(2)/2219Al matrix composites with varying reinforcement contents(0,1,3,5 wt%)were fabricated through traditional casting followed by homogenization treatment to address these research *** effects of reinforcement content and homogenization treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ TiB_(2)/2219Al composites were *** results demonstrate a gradual strengthening of the refining effect with increasing particle ***,composites containing 3 wt%TiB_(2)particles exhibit superior comprehensive mechanical properties in both as-cast and homogenized ***,potential orientation relationships are observed and calculated between undissolved Al_(2)Cu eutectic phase and submicron or nanometer-sized TiB_(2)particles,resulting in a mixture structure with enhanced bonding *** mixture structure is continuously distributed along grain boundaries during solidification,forming a three-dimensional cellular network that acts as primary retarding forces for grain growth during ***,the established homogenization kinetic equations were further utilized to an

关键词： TiB_(2)/2219Al matrix composite Reinforcement content Homogenization treatment Homogenization kinetic Cellular structure Mechanical property

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NaGd_(0.4)Eu_(0.6)Mg_(1-x)Zn_(x)WO_(6)solid solution red phosphors:Microstructure variation and luminescence enhancement induced by Zn^(2+)-doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1224-1232,I0001页

作者： Yu Gao Jiayang Liao Mingyi Zhang Qingmei Tang ting zhou Mengjiao Liu Yan Zhao Xin Lai Daojiang Gao College of Chemistry and Materials Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu610066China

Red phosphor is an important component of the phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes(pcWLEDs).The development of the novel red phosphor with excellent luminescence properties is of great significance for high performance *** this study,NaGd_(0.4)Eu_(0.6)Mg_(1-x)Zn_(x)WO_(6)red phosphors with excellent luminescence properties were successfully synthesized and systematically *** results show that the Zn^(2+)-doping concentration has significant effect on the microstructures and luminescence properties of the NaGd_(0.4)Eu_(0.6)Mg_(1-x)Zn_(x)WO_(6)*** NaGd_(0.4)Eu_(0.6)Mg_(1-x)ZnxWO_(6)(0≤x≤0.7)samples are well crystallized pure solid solution sub-microcrystals,whereas the phase purity gradually decreases at 0.7ting and *** work can offer an effective strategy for boosting luminescence properties of tungstate phosphors with the double perovskite structure.

关键词： Double perovskite Tungstate phosphor Zn^(2+)-doping Microstructure Luminescence Rare earths

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Boric Acid-Assisted Pyrolysis for High-Loading Single-Atom Catalysts to Boost Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Zn-Air Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 102-110页

作者： Chenxi Xu Jiexing Wu Liang Chen Yi Gong Boyang mao Jincan Zhang Jinhai Deng Mingxuan mao Yan Shi Zhaohui Hou Mengxue Cao Huanxin Li Haihui zhou Zhongyuan Huang Yafei Kuang State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional MaterialsHunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang 414006China Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildford Surrey GU27XHUK Department of Engineering University of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30FAUK King's College London London SE11ULUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Department of Chemistry Physical&Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QZUK

The emerging of single-atom catalysts(SACs)offers a great opportunity for the development of advanced energy storage and conversion devices due to their excellent activity and durability,but the actual mass production of high-loading SACs is still ***,a facile and green boron acid(H_(3)BO_(3))-assisted pyrolysis strategy is put forward to synthesize SACs by only using chitosan,cobalt salt and H_(3)BO_(3)as precursor,and the effect of H_(3)BO_(3)is deeply *** results show that molten boron oxide derived from H_(3)BO_(3)as ideal high-temperature carbonization media and blocking media play important role in the synthesis *** a result,the acquired Co/N/B tri-doped porous carbon framework(Co-N-B-C)not only presents hierarchical porous structure,large specific surface area and abundant carbon edges but also possesses high-loading single Co atom(4.2 wt.%),thus giving rise to outstanding oxygen catalytic *** employed as a catalyst for air cathode in Zn-air batteries,the resultant Co-N-B-C catalyst shows remarkable power density and long-term ***,our work gains deep insight into the role of H_(3)BO_(3)and provides a new avenue to synthesis of high-performance SACs.

关键词： boric acid oxygen reduction reaction single-atom catalysts Zn-air batteries

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Clinical relevance of distolingual roots and periodontal status in mandibular first molars: a cross-sectional study employing CBCT analysis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 244-253页

作者： Feifei mao Meng WANG Shuai zhou Yan ZHAO Jiaping HUANG Fengying YIN Haiping YANG Pei-hui DING Stomatology Hospital School of StomatologyZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang ProvinceCancer Center of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China

Objectives:Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar(PMFM-DLR)has been frequently reported,which may complicate the treatment of *** study aimed to assess the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and investigate the correlation between the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and periodontal status in patients with Eastern Chinese ethnic *** and methods:A total of 836 cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images with 1497 mandibular first molars were analyzed to observe the prevalence of PMFM-DLR at the patients and tooth levels in Eastern *** them,complete periodontal charts were available for 69 Chinese patients with 103 *** and regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the morphological features of DLR,bone loss,and periodontal clinical parameters,including clinical attachment loss(CAL),probing pocket depth(PPD),gingival recession(GR),and furcation involvement(FI).Results:The patient-level prevalence and tooth-level prevalence of DLR in mandibular first molars were 29.4%and 26.3%,*** linear regression analysis suggested that bone loss at the lingual site and CAL were negatively affected by the angle of separation between distolingual and mesial roots in the transverse section,while they were significantly influenced by age and the angle of separation between distobuccal and mesial roots in the coronal ***:The prevalence of PMFM-DLR in Eastern China was relatively high in our *** morphological features of DLR were correlated with the periodontal status of mandibular first *** study provides critical information on the morphological features of DLR for improved diagnosis and treatment options of mandibular molars with DLR.

关键词： Distolingual root Mandibular first molar Periodontal clinical parameter Clinical attachment loss Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)

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Nanostructured ZnO/ZnS with Type-II Hetero-junction for Efficient CO_(2) Photoreduction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 484-489页

作者： XIAO Qi LIU ting zhou Qianhe LI Liangyu CHANG Chuntao GAO Dawei LI Danyang YOU Feifei School of Textile Garment and Design Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500P.R.China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of New South WalesAustralia College of Textile and Clothing Yancheng Institute of Technology.Yancheng 224051P.R.China Jiangsu Yueda Cotton Spinning Co. Ltd.Yancheng 224051P.R.China

Photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction driven by solar light is a green approach that can decrease the greenhouse effect induced by high CO_(2) concentration in the atmosphere and generate carbon-based chemicals/fuels as *** this paper,non-metal co-catalysts ZnO/ZnS type-II hetero-junction nanoparticles with a rough surface were prepared through a hydrothermal *** used as a photocatalyst for CO_(2) reduction,the optimal one showed good cycle stability and a higher yield rate of 27.8µmol·g^(−1)·h^(−1) for CO_(2) conversion into *** outstanding catalytic activity originated from i)the rich interfaces between ZnO and ZnS in the nanoscale could significantly reduce the delivery path of carriers and improve the utilization efficiency of photo-excited electron/hole pairs and ii)enriched surface oxygen defects could supply much more reaction active sites for CO_(2) adsorption.

关键词： ZnO/ZnS Photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction Oxygen defect

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Highly dispersive tetrahedral vanadium species on pure silica ZSM-12 zeolite boosting the selective oxidation of cyclohexane into cyclohexanone

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2206-2214页

作者： Menglin Xie ting Li Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Jinling Ni Siqin Yao Yu zhou Shibo Xi Jun Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 627833Republic of Singapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

The selective oxidation of cyclohexane is a promising green route for the production of KA oil(cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone),but remains a huge challenge to design high-performing heterogeneous catalysts under mild ***,a pure silica ZSM-12(MTW topology)zeolite was applied as the support to immobilize highly dispersive tetrahedrally coordinated vanadium(V)species and the constructed catalyst 1%V/SZ-12 exhibited high efficiency in the fast and selective oxidation of cyclohexane into cyclohexanone with H_(2)O_(2).The reaction completed within 30 s,affording the selectivity of 99%towards cyclohexanone and the extremely high turnover frequency(TOF)of 5,891 h^(-1).1%V/SZ-12 was facilely reused with stable activity and feasibly extended to the oxidation of various cyclohexane *** one-dimensional 12-membered ring microchannels contributed to the formation and accessibility of tetrahedrally coordinated high valent V5+species as the robust active centers,which activated H_(2)O_(2) to generate V–O–O·,the active oxygen species for the electrophilic attack on cyclohexane to produce cyclohexanone as the sole product.

关键词： zeolite metal doping cyclohexane oxidation heterogeneous catalysis

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