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Emerging materials and transistors for integrated circuits

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 7-8页

作者： Ming liu Lian-mao Peng Lab of Nanofabrication and Novel Device Integration Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of Electronics Peking University

The device technology for integrated circuits(ICs) has received a great deal of attention in the past decade since the mainstream silicon-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) field-effect transistor(FET) for modern ICs had been encountering development bottlenecks due to the combination of power constraints, physics, cost and fabrication processes.

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Hybrid ionic thermoelectric and photocatalytic materials(i-TEPC):a new choice for energy harvesting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2127-2129页

作者： Qikai Li mao Yu Weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Ionic thermoelectric(i-TE)material is a kind of new functional material that can convert heat energy into electric energy,which is of great significance for renewable energy technologies and sustainable development[1].The fundamental constitution of i-TE material mainly comprises an electrolyte matrix,ion providers and redox pairs.

关键词： energy harvesting convert

Highly coupled off-resonance lattice design in diffraction-limited light sources

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第9期35卷 92-102页

作者： Yi-Hao Gong Shun-Qiang Tian xin.Zhong liu Shou-Zhi Xuan Li-Yuan Tan Ling-Long mao Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 ShanghaiChina Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 ShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina

The round-beam operation presents many benefits for scientific experiments regarding synchrotron radiation and the weak-ening influences of intra-beam scattering in diffraction-limited synchrotron light sources.A round-beam generation method based on the global setting of skew quadrupoles and the application of a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was pro-posed in this *** schemes,including large-emittance coupling introduced via betatron coupling and vertical disper-sion,were explored in a candidate lattice for an upgrade-proposal of the Shanghai synchrotron radiation *** variations with lattice imperfections and their influence on the beam dynamics of beam optic distortions were *** results demonstrated that a precise coupling control ranging from 10 to 100%was achieved under low optical distortion,whereas full-coupling generation and its robustness were achieved by our proposed method by adjusting the skew quadrupole components located in the dispersion-free *** Touschek lifetime increased by a factor of 2–2.5.

关键词： Diffraction-limited storage ring(DLSR) Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility upgrade(SSRF-U) Round beam Off-resonance coupling

Modeling and analysis of air combustion and steam regeneration in methanol to olefins processes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 94-103页

作者： Jinqiang Liang Danzhu liu Shuliang Xu mao Ye Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Light olefins is the incredibly important materials in chemical *** to olefins(MTO),which provides a non-oil route for light olefins production,received considerable attention in the past ***,the catalyst deactivation is an inevitable feature in MTO processes,and regeneration,therefore,is one of the key steps in industrial MTO *** the MTO catalyst is regenerated by removing the deposited coke via air combustion,which unavoidably transforms coke into carbon dioxide and reduces the carbon utilization *** study shows that the coke species over MTO catalyst can be regenerated via steam,which can promote the light olefins yield as the deactivated coke species can be essentially transferred to industrially useful synthesis gas,is a promising pathway for further MTO processes *** this work,we modelled and analyzed these two MTO regeneration methods in terms of carbon utilization efficiency and technology *** shown,the steam regeneration could achieve a carbon utilization efficiency of 84.31%,compared to 74.74%for air combustion *** MTO processes using steam regeneration can essentially achieve the near-zero carbon *** addition,light olefins production of the MTO processes using steam regeneration is 12.81%higher than that using air combustion *** this regard,steam regeneration could be considered as a potential yet promising regeneration method for further MTO processes,showing not only great environmental benefits but also competitive economic performance.

关键词： Model Methanol to olefins Regeneration Greenhouse gas Processes simulation

Experimental Investigation on Vertical Hydraulic Transport of Ores in Deepsea Mining

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 42-53页

作者： liu Lei liu Jian-cheng LI xin.XU Li-xin.ZHANG Xiu-zhan State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sanya Yazhou Bay Institution of Deep-sea Sci-Tech Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySanya 572000China China Merchants Marine And Offshore Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518067China China Merchants Deepsea Research Institute(Sanya)Co. Ltd.Sanya 572000China School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China

Deepsea mining has been proposed since the 1960s to alleviate the lack of resources on *** hydraulic transport of collected ores from the seabed to the sea surface is considered the most promising method for industrial *** the present study,an indoor model test of the vertical hydraulic transport of particles was conducted.A noncontact optical method has been proposed to measure the local characteristics of the particles inside a vertical pipe,including the local concentration and particle *** hydraulic gradient of ore transport was evaluated with various particle size distributions,particle densities,feeding concentrations and mixture flow *** transport,the local concentration is larger than the feeding concentration,whereas the particle velocity is less than the mixture *** qualitative effects of the local concentration and local fluid velocity on the particle velocity and slip velocity were *** local fluid velocity contributes significantly to particle velocity and slip velocity,whereas the effect of the local concentration is marginal.A higher feeding concentration and mixture flow velocity result in an increased hydraulic *** effect of the particle size gradation is slight,whereas the particle density plays a crucial role in the transport.

关键词： deepsea mining vertical hydraulic transport experiment flow characteristics

SOLVING OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS OVER THE STIEFEL MANIFOLD BY SMOOTH EXACT PENALTY FUNCTIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第5期42卷 1246-1276页

作者： Nachuan Xiao xin.liu The Institute of Operations Research and Analytics National University of SingaporeSingapore State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciencesand University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

In this paper,we present a novel penalty model called ExPen for optimization over the Stiefel *** from existing penalty functions for orthogonality constraints,ExPen adopts a smooth penalty function without using any first-order derivative of the objective *** show that all the first-order stationary points of ExPen with a sufficiently large penalty parameter are either feasible,namely,are the first-order stationary points of the original optimization problem,or far from the Stiefel ***,the original problem and ExPen share the same second-order stationary ***,the exact gradient and Hessian of ExPen are easy to *** a consequence,abundant algorithm resources in unconstrained optimization can be applied straightforwardly to solve ExPen.

关键词： Orthogonality constraint Stiefel manifold Penalty function

A review on Bi_(2)WO_(6)-based photocatalysts synthesis, modification, and applications in environmental remediation, life medical, and clean energy

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 87-108页

作者： Wei mao Xuewu Shen Lixun Zhang Yang liu Zehao liu Yuntao Guan Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Urban Water Cycle and Water Environment Safety Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Photocatalysis has emerged a promising strategy to remedy the current energy and environmental crisis due to its ability to directiy convert clean solar energy into chemical *** tungstate(Bi_(2)WO_(6))has been shown to be an excellent visible light response,a well-defined perovskite crystal structure,and an abundance of oxygen atoms(providing efficient channels for photogenerated carrier transfer)due to their suitable band gap,effective electron migration and separation,making them ideal *** has been extensively applied as photocatalyst in aspects including pollutant removal,carbon dioxide reduction,solar hydrogen production,ammonia synthesis by nitrogen photocatalytic reduction,and cancer *** this review,the fabrication and application of Bi_(2)WO_(6) in photocatalysis were comprehensively *** photocatalytic properties of BizwO-based materials were significantly enhanced by carbon modification,the construction of heterojunctions,and the atom doping to improve the photogenerated carrier migration rate,the number of surface active sites,and the photoexcitation ability of the *** addition,the potential development directions and the existing challenges to improve the photocatalytic performance of Bi_(2)WO_(6)-based materials were discussed.

关键词： Bismuth tungstate Synthesis and modification Photocatalytic application Environmental remediation Clean energy Medical science

Impact and mechanism of bisphosphonate depressant 1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid on flotation decalcification of dolomite-rich magnesite ore

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第7期34卷 1017-1032页

作者： Wengang liu Xudong Chen Wenbao liu Naixu Zhang Yong mao Ying Guo School of Resources&Civil Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Given the depletion of high-quality magnesite deposits and the rising demand for high-end magnesium materials,the separation and utilization of high-calcium magnesite ores have become ***,the similar surface properties and solubility of semi-soluble salt-type minerals,pose significant challenges for the utilization of dolomite-rich magnesite *** this study,1-hydroxypropane-1,1-di phosphonic acid(HPDP)was identified for the first time as a high-performance depressant for *** tests,including contact angle measurements,ζ potential analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and atomic force microscopy,were conducted to elucidate the interfacial interaction mechanisms of HPDP on the surfaces of the two minerals at different ***,molecular modeling calculations were used to detail the spatial matching relationship between HPDP and the crystal faces of the two *** was emphasized that HPDP specifically adsorbed onto the dolomite surface by forming calcium phosphonate,ensuring that the dolomite surface remained hydrophilic and ***,it was found that the adsorption strength of HPDP on the mineral surfaces depended on the activity of the metal sites and their spatial *** findings provide a theoretical foundation for the molecular design of flotation reagents for high-calcium magnesite ores.

关键词： Depressant Interfacial mechanism Magnesite Dolomite DFT Decalcification

Impacts of multi-foulings on salinity gradient energy conversion process in negatively charged conical nanochannels

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1714-1726页

作者： mao RuiJie CHEN Xi ZHOU RuHong LONG Rui liu ZhiChun liu Wei School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Membrane fouling inevitably occurs during nanofluidic reverse ***,the impact of multi-fouling on the energy conversion performance of negatively charged conical nanochannels under asymmetrical configurations is systematically *** results reveal that in Configuration I,where a high-concentration solution is applied at the tip side,at small concentration ratios,multiple foulings reduce the electric *** Configuration II,where a low-concentration solution is applied at the tip side,multiple foulings near the base side contribute to the electric *** fouling that formed near the lowconcentration entrance diminished the electric power and energy conversion ***-fouling lowered the electrical power consumption by 69.27%and 99.94%in Configurations I and II,*** Configuration I,the electric power first increased with increasing fouling surface charge density,reached its maximum value,and thereafter *** Configuration II,the electric power first decreased with increasing fouling surface charge density,reached its minimum value,and thereafter *** negative or positive charge densities of fouling contribute to the electric power and energy conversion efficiency.

关键词： conical nanochannel fouling nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis salinity gradient energy