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Co-influence of the start of thermal growing season and precipitation on vegetation spring green-up on the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 327-337页

作者： Chen-Peng WANG Meng-Tian HUANG pan-mao ZHAI State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Global Change and Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The climate in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has undergone significant change in recent decades,mainly in thermal and water conditions,which plays a crucial role in phenological changes in vegetation spring ***,how the start of the thermal growing season(SOS-T)and the start of the rainy season(SORS)as key climatic factors affect vegetation green-up remains *** that these factors characterize thermal and water conditions required for vegetation green-up,this study investigated changes in the SOS-T and SORS from 1961 to 2022,using observation-based datasets with long time *** found that the SOS-T and SORS have advanced across the TP in 1961-2022 and have shown a spatial pattern of advancement in the east and delay in the west in ***,the co-effect of temperature and precipitation change on the start of vegetation growing season(SOS-V)in 2000-2022 was *** across TP,the SOS-V had an early onset of 1.3 d per decade during 2000-2022,corresponding to advanced SOS-T and ***,the SOS-V generally occurred nearly at the same time as the SOS-T in the high-altitude meadow region.A substantial delay in the SOS-V relative to the SOS-T was observed in the desert,shrub,grassland and forest regions and generally kept pace with the ***,for 50%of the vegetated regions on the TP,inter-annual variation in the delay in the SOS-V relative to the SOS-T was dominated by precipitation change,which was profound in warm-climate *** study highlights the co-regulation of precipitation and temperature change in the SOS-V in different vegetation cover regions in the TP,offering a scientific foundation for comprehending the impact of climate change and prospects for vegetation phenology on the TP.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Start of growing season Temperature Precipitation Climate change

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Extraordinary hot extreme in summer 2022 over the Yangtze River basin modulated by the La Nina condition under global warming

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 21-30页

作者： Zhen LIAO Yu-Feng YUAN Yang CHEN pan-mao ZHAI State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

A widespread and prolonged hot extreme hit the Yangtze River basin in summer 2022,with 300 sites established new temperature records and nearly 96%stations endured more than 40 hot *** the perspective of the combination effect of the global warming and La Nina condition,potential mechanisms of the hot extreme were *** a record-breaking hot extreme was caused by an extremely strong and westward-shifted western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).The global warming effect contributed primarily to the abnormal hot days in the Yangtze River basin,coupled with the modulation of the La Nina *** sea surface temperature anomaly pattern under La Nina condition favored more convection activities over the western Pacific,encouraging an enhanced and westward-extended *** addition,an observation-based attribution analysis indicates that anthropogenic warming may increase the probability of such extensively persistent hot extremeby1.8 times.

关键词： Hot extreme The Yangtze River basin Global warming Tropical Pacific forcing

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云南腾冲黑空山火山喷发物地貌DEM遥感研究

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地震地质 2024年第3期46卷 536-546页

作者：王新茹马晨语潘懋北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 中国地震局地质研究所北京100029

随着科学技术的发展,卫星能力和数据技术的不断提高,高分辨率遥感数据在火山学研究领域,尤其是在人类活动难以涉及的无人区的火山研究中起到了越来越重要的作用。文中以云南腾冲火山区黑空山火山为例,进行了DEM数字高程试验性研究,利用... 详细信息

随着科学技术的发展,卫星能力和数据技术的不断提高,高分辨率遥感数据在火山学研究领域,尤其是在人类活动难以涉及的无人区的火山研究中起到了越来越重要的作用。文中以云南腾冲火山区黑空山火山为例,进行了DEM数字高程试验性研究,利用DEM模型可视化技术获得了黑空山火山区渲染地形图和光学影像,解译并分析了研究区内的火山地貌,总结了不同类型火山锥、熔岩台地的地貌特征,以及熔岩流流动过程中所形成的特殊流动构造的地貌特点。以前人完成的黑空山火山区熔岩流单元分布为基础,分析了不同期次喷发物在地形高度上的变化特征,发现喷发年代越早,分布距火口越远,且坡度越缓,高程越低。晚期喷发物往往堆积在早期喷发物之上,不同时期的熔岩分布范围有明显的层次性。在上述分析研究基础上,首次利用高分辨率DEM数字技术完成了黑空山火山区熔岩流动单元区划图,为理解黑空山火山新期喷发历史和喷发序列的恢复提供了很好的火山地貌证据。此外,不同时期熔岩流的覆盖范围也客观反映出历史火山灾害的类型和影响范围,为未来的火山灾害评估、火山灾害区划图的编制提供了基础素材。

关键词：腾冲黑空山火山 DEM模型可视化火山地貌熔岩流单元

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冲击荷载引起的颗粒破碎对钙质砂液化特性的影响

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工程地质学报 2024年第2期32卷 410-419页

作者：叶斌毛盘叶冠林同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院上海200240

钙质砂具有孔隙率高、强度低、易破碎的特点。同时,钙质砂在波浪和地震等振动荷载的作用下,也具有发生液化的可能性。为探究钙质砂颗粒破碎与抗液化强度的关系,对南海永兴岛的钙质砂开展了三轴试验研究工作。首先,利用小型手动冲击装置... 详细信息

钙质砂具有孔隙率高、强度低、易破碎的特点。同时,钙质砂在波浪和地震等振动荷载的作用下,也具有发生液化的可能性。为探究钙质砂颗粒破碎与抗液化强度的关系,对南海永兴岛的钙质砂开展了三轴试验研究工作。首先,利用小型手动冲击装置对钙质砂进行破碎处理,获取了不同相对破碎率(Br)的试样,然后利用多功能动三轴仪分别对原始试样和不同破碎程度的试样进行了液化试验。结果表明:在相同围压和密实度条件下,钙质砂的抗液化强度(CRR)随着Br的增大而降低,但降低速率会随着Br的增大而减小。另一方面,相对密实度的增大会削弱颗粒破碎对钙质砂抗液化能力的影响。最后,为了定量评价颗粒破碎对钙质砂抗液化强度的影响,建立了Br-CRR的数学关系。

关键词：钙质砂颗粒破碎液化特性三轴试验

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山区陡坡地段桥梁墩台防护方案分析

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北方交通 2024年第4期 9-12,16页

作者：马雷毛攀安徽省交通规划设计研究总院股份有限公司合肥市230088

在山区公路工程建设过程中,受地形地貌限制,陡坡地段桥梁墩台的防护至关重要,需要根据地层信息、坡高坡率、结构形式、危岩分布以及桩基外漏等因素确定防护方案。宜宾至昭通高速公路二期工程位于云贵高原与四川盆地的结合部,海拔介于570... 详细信息

在山区公路工程建设过程中,受地形地貌限制,陡坡地段桥梁墩台的防护至关重要,需要根据地层信息、坡高坡率、结构形式、危岩分布以及桩基外漏等因素确定防护方案。宜宾至昭通高速公路二期工程位于云贵高原与四川盆地的结合部,海拔介于570~2240m,高差1670m,山高谷深,属于典型的山地构造地形。结合该项目实况,文章从影响因素、方案分析、控制要点、现场典型案例四方面进行分析,并应用定性和定量相结合的分析方法,提出相应的处治措施,从而确保陡坡地段墩台安全稳定。

关键词：山区公路桥梁工程陡坡墩台防护桩基外漏

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Achieving Paris Agreement temperature goals requires carbon neutrality by middle century with far-reaching transitions in the whole society

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第2期12卷 281-286页

作者： HUANG Meng-Tian ZHAI pan-mao State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing100081China

The concept of carbon neutrality is much emphasized in IPCC Spatial Report on Global Warming of 1.5C in order to achieve the long-termtemperature goals as reflected in Paris *** keep these goals within reach,peaking the global carbon emissions as soon as possible andachieving carbon neutrality are urgently ***,global CO_(2)emissions continued to grow up to a record high of 43.1 Gt CO_(2)during2019,with fossil CO_(2)emissions of 36.5 Gt CO_(2)and land-use change emissions of 6.6 Gt CO_(2).In such case,the global carbon emissions mustdrop 32 Gt CO_(2)(7.6%per year)from 2020 to 2030 for the 1.5C warming limit,which is even larger than the COVID-induced reduction(6.4%)in global CO_(2)emissions during ***,China has announced scaling up its national commitments,aiming to peak its CO_(2)emissionsbefore 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before *** these goals requires rapid and far-reaching transitions in the whole *** one hand,deeper emissions reduction in all sectors includes decarbonization of energy,electrification,increasing share of renewables,energyefficiency,sustainable land management,decarbonization of transport,reducing food loss and waste,as well as behavior and lifestyles *** the other hand,possible actions by removing CO_(2)from the atmosphere involves enlarging land and ocean net carbon sink,CO_(2)removaltechnologies(such as Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage),and CO_(2)capture,utilization and storage technologies,but should be cautionfor their scales and tradeoffs.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Carbon emissions peak Climate change Paris agreement Green recovery COVID-19 pandemic

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预防老年病人跌倒并减少跌倒损伤的循证护理实践

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护理研究 2024年第17期38卷 3160-3165页

作者：朱杉杉毛盼王璐路俊英常陆河南省人民医院河南省护理医学重点实验室河南省人民医院加拿大安大略省注册护士协会最佳实践指南应用中心(HPPH-BPSO)河南450000

目的:基于加拿大安大略省注册护士协会《预防跌倒和减少跌倒损伤(第四版)》临床实践指南,依据知识转化框架,构建适合我国老年病人的预防跌倒和减少跌倒损伤策略,并应用于临床验证其效果。方法:将指南推荐意见进行本土化、适用性分析后确... 详细信息

目的:基于加拿大安大略省注册护士协会《预防跌倒和减少跌倒损伤(第四版)》临床实践指南,依据知识转化框架,构建适合我国老年病人的预防跌倒和减少跌倒损伤策略,并应用于临床验证其效果。方法:将指南推荐意见进行本土化、适用性分析后确定6条证据,制订审查指标11项,进行基线审查并分析促进和障碍因素,并基于基线审查结果设计6项干预策略。比较证据应用前后老年病人跌倒发生率、跌倒损伤率、护士跌倒预防相关知识水平、病人及照顾者跌倒风险防范意识、住院满意度及各审查指标的执行情况。结果:证据应用后,老年病人跌倒发生率由每年的0.44%降至0.02%(P<0.01);护士跌倒预防相关知识水平提升(P<0.01),病人及照顾者跌倒风险防范意识增强(P<0.05);除审查指标“评估跌倒风险时机正确”外,其余审查指标的执行率均提升至100%,形成规范化护理工作流程。结论:基于《预防跌倒和减少跌倒损伤(第四版)》指南的循证护理实践可降低病人跌倒及跌倒损伤发生率,提高护士跌倒预防相关知识水平,增强病人及照顾者跌倒风险防范意识,规范护士跌倒评估及干预工作。

关键词：老年人跌倒风险评估循证护理循证实践

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丹黄明目汤在糖尿病视网膜病变患者术后的应用效果

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河南医学研究 2024年第11期33卷 2060-2063页

作者：毛盼杨胜家周新开封市中心医院(开封市眼病医院)眼科河南开封475000 南京市中医院眼科江苏南京210000

目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)术后应用丹黄明目汤的临床疗效,分析其对视力、炎症因子及白细胞介素-33(IL-33)/生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(ST2)信号通路的影响。方法选取2020年5月至2023年2月医院收治的96例DR患者为研究对象,依据随机单... 详细信息

目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)术后应用丹黄明目汤的临床疗效,分析其对视力、炎症因子及白细胞介素-33(IL-33)/生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(ST2)信号通路的影响。方法选取2020年5月至2023年2月医院收治的96例DR患者为研究对象,依据随机单双数分配原则分为对照组和研究组,各48例。对照组经玻璃体注药切除术后接受常规治疗,研究组在此基础上接受丹黄明目汤治疗,连续治疗3个月。比较两组临床疗效及中医证候积分。比较两组视力相关指标[最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、视网膜厚度、视力]、炎症因子[趋化因子样受体1(CMKLR1)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)]水平及外周血IL-33、ST2 mRNA表达水平。比较两组并发症发生率。结果研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3个月后研究组中医证候积分、BCVA、视网膜厚度低于对照组,视力高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗3个月后血清CMKLR1、sICAM-1水平低于对照组,外周血IL-33、ST2 mRNA表达水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 DR术后应用丹黄明目汤疗效确切,可改善临床症状、视力水平,减轻机体炎症反应程度,其作用机制可能与抑制IL-33/ST2信号通路活化有关。

关键词：丹黄明目汤糖尿病视网膜病变白细胞介素-33 生长刺激表达基因2蛋白疗效

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Numerical simulation of the effects of global warming on vegetation in Asia

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第5期13卷 688-699页

作者： Zheng-Qiu ZHANG pan-mao ZHAI Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China

The response of vegetation to global warming is closely related to human living environment,and uncertainty in understanding the response *** study aims to investigate the effects of CO_(2),temperature and precipitation changes under global warming on natural vegetation in *** biophysical/dynamic vegetation model SSiB4/TRIFFID was employed to perform numerical experiments under different climate scenarios for Asia using the Princeton global forcing dataset(1948–2006).The results showed that precipitation and CO_(2) were the key factors for vegetation *** effect of temperature on natural vegetation varied among the study ***,an increase in temperature was conducive to vegetation growth in eastern Asia,but not in the arid and semi-arid areas of western *** arid and semi-arid areas or in the vicinity of desert,the forcing effects of temperature,precipitation and CO_(2) were more remarkable,which led to a noticeable change in the area of bare *** terms of the distribution of vegetation species,the above forcing had a greater impact on shrubs,C3 grasses and C4 plants,but less of an impact on broadleaf and coniferous *** was also found that,although there was a notable positive correlation between precipitation and vegetation leaf area index in northern high latitudes,the vegetation cover did not increase with precipitation,which was countered by the negative effect of surface cooling in summer.

关键词： Global warming Temperature Precipitation CO_(2) SSiB4/TRIFFID Model simulation Vegetation dynamics

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Deepwater Turbidite Lobe Deposits:A Review of the Research Frontiers

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 283-300页

作者： ZHANG Leifu pan mao WANG Hongliang School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences

Deepwater/deep-marine turbidite lobes are the most distal part of a siliciclastic depositional system and hold the largest sediment accumulation on the seafloor. As many giant hydrocarbon provinces have been discovered within deepwater lobe deposits, they represent one of the most promising exploration targets for hydrocarbon industry. Deepwater exploration is characterized by high cost, high risk but insufficient data because of the deep/ultra–deepwater depth. A thorough understanding of the deepwater turbidite lobe architecture, hierarchy, stacking pattern and internal facies distribution is thus vital. Recently, detailed outcrop characterizations and high–resolution seismic studies have both revealed that the deepwater lobe deposits are characterized into four–fold hierarchical arrangements from ＂beds＂, to ＂lobe elements＂, to ＂lobes＂ and to ＂lobe complex＂. Quantitative compilations have shown that hierarchical components of lobe deposits have similar length to width ratios but different width to thickness ratios depending on different turbidite systems. At all hierarchical scales, sand–prone hierarchical lobe units are always separated by mud–prone bounding units except when the bounding units are eroded by their overlying lobe units thus giving rise to vertical amalgamation and connectivity. Amalgamations often occur at more proximal regions suggesting high flow energy. A mixed flow behavior may occur towards more distal regions, resulting in deposition of ＂hybrid event beds＂. These synthesized findings could（1） help understand the lobe reservoir distribution and compartmentalization therefore benefit the exploration and development of turbidite lobes within the deep marine basins（e.g. South China Sea） and（2） provide rules and quantitative constraints on reservoir modeling. In addition, the findings associated with deepwater turbidite lobes might be a good starting point to understand the sedimentology, architecture and hierarchy of turbidites in deep lacustrine

关键词： deepwater turbidite lobes architecture hierarchy quantitative characterization hybrid event beds

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