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Development of a multiprimer metabarcoding approach to understanding trophic interactions in agroecosystems

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1195-1210页

作者： Ivan Batuecas Oscar Alomar Cristina Castañe Josep Piñol Stéphane Boyer Lorena Gallardo-Montoya Nuria Agustí IRTA Sustainable Plant ProtectionCabrilsBarcelonaSpain Universitat Autònoma Barcelona Cerdanyola del VallèsSpain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallèsSpain Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte(IRBI) Tours UniversityToursFrance

To understand trophic interactions and the precise ecological role of each predatory species,it is important to know which arthropod and plant resources are used by generalist predators in *** approaches,such as the use of high-throughput sequencing(HTS),play a key role in identifying these *** study develops a multiprimer metabarcoding approach for screening the most common trophic interactions of two predatory arthropods with contrasting morphologies,Rhagonycha fulva(Coleoptera:Cantharidae)and Anthocoris nemoralis(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)collected from a peach *** reduce the time and cost of this metabarcoding approach,we first evaluated the effect of using two different predator-pools of different size(10 and 23 individuals of the same species).We also used our system to analyze the performance of one and two primer pairs in the same *** results show that the analysis of 23 individuals together with the use of two primer pairs in the same library optimize the HTS *** these best-performing conditions,we then analyzed the entire bodies of field-collected predators as well as the washing solutions used to clean the insect *** were able to identify both gut content(i.e.,diet)and external pollen load(i.e.,on the insects’bodies).This study also demonstrates the importance of washing predatory insects’bodies prior to HTS analysis when the target species have a considerable size(>10 mm)and hairy *** metabarcoding approach has significant potential for the study of trophic links in agriculture,revealing expected and unexpected trophic relationships.

关键词： high-throug hput sequencing metabarcoding molecular diet analysis multiprimer approach predatory arthropods trophic interactions

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Rhipicephalus microplus saliva

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第4期8卷 194-200页

作者： DF.Buccini AA.Nunes GGO.Silva ON.Silva ol.Franco SE.Moreno Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul S-Inova Biotech Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biotecnologia Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Patologia Molecular Universidade de Brasilia Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimicas Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Genomicas e Biotecnologia Universidade Catolica de Brasilia

To evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities and the toxic effects of Rlhipicephalus microplus saliva for elucidating the modulation mechanism between arthropod saliva and ***:For saliva collection,engorged ticks were obtained from a controlled bovine infestation and collected by natural *** ticks were fixed and injected pilocarpine 0.2%for induction of *** was collected,lyophilized and stored at-80℃.Cytotoxic activity was assessed by the hemolysis method(25,50,100,200 and 300μg/mL)and MTT cell viability assay(2.5,5,10,20 and 40μg/mL)for 24,48 and 72 ***-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the method of neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity of mice at doses of l0,15 and 20 mg/kg;antinociceptive activity was assessed using the acetic acid-induced writhing test,and formalin-induced paw-licking in mice at dose of 15 mg/***:Saliva did not cause erythrocytes hemolysis at any concentration tested,as well as did not decrease cell viability in the MTT *** inhibited neutrophil migration by 87%and 73%at doses of l5 and 20 mg/kg,*** the nociceptive tests,saliva presented analgesic activity of69.96%in the abdominal writhing test,and of 84.41%in the formalin *** study proves that Rlhipiceplhalus microplus saliva has significant in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive *** data presented herein support the development of further studies to elucidate the active principles of Rhipicephalus microplus saliva and its mechanism of action and,in future,to develop novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

关键词： Rhipicephalus microplus Saliva Tick Antinociceptive Anti-inflammatory

A NEW PRIMITIVE CHALICOTHERE (PERISSODACTYLA,MAMMALIA) FROM THE EARLY EOCENE OF HUBEI, CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1995年第2期 150-159页

作者： Wang Yuan(Institute ol Vertebrate Poleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044. China)

A new material of perissodactyl represented by a crushed skull and the same individual’s pair of mandibles (both lost their posterior parts) is described in this paper. The specimen was collected in 1992 by Dr. Wang Yuanqing of IVPP from the late Early Eocene of Danjiangkou, Hubei, China. This new material, Danjiangia pingi gen. et sp. nov., is here referred to Chalicotheribidea and recognized as the earliest known chalicothere. Several relevant issues, such as the early character evolution of chalicothere group, the possible close relationship between chalicothere and palaeothere group and the origin of chalicotheres, will also be tentatively discussed in the present paper.

关键词： Liguanqiao Basin Hubei Early Eocene Chalicothere

High-density mapping suggests cytoplasmic male sterility with two restorer genes in almond×peach progenies

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 234-241页

作者： Josémanuel.Donoso Iban Eduardo Roger Picañol Ignasi Batlle Werner Howad María JoséAranzana Pere Arús IRTA Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra(Cerdanyola del Vallès)08193 BarcelonaSpain IRTA.Centre de Mas de Bover.Crta.De Reus–El Morell Km 3.8.43120 Constantί TarragonaSpain INIA Av.Salamanca s/nSector Los ChoapinosRengoChile Rijk Zwaan Finca La Marina-Pj Lo Contreras s/n30395 La PueblaCartagenaSpain

Peach(Prunus persica)and almond(Prunus dulcis)are two sexually compatible species that produce fertile ***,a highly polymorphic species,is a potential source of new genes for peach that has a strongly eroded gene *** we describe the genetics of a male sterile phenotype that segregated in two almond(‘Texas’)×peach(‘Earlygold’)progenies:an F2(T×E)and a backcross one(T1E)to the‘Earlygold’***-density maps were developed using a 9k peach SNP chip and 135 simple-sequence *** highly syntenic and collinear maps were obtained:one for the F2(T×E)and two for the backcross,T1E(for the hybrid)and E(for‘Earlygold’).A major reduction of recombination was observed in the interspecific maps(T×E and T1E)compared to the intraspecific parent(E).The E map also had extensive monomorphic genomic regions suggesting the presence of large DNA fragments identical by *** data for the male sterility character were consistent with the existence of cytoplasmic male sterility,where individuals having the almond cytoplasm required the almond allele in at least one of two independent restorer genes,Rf1 and Rf2,to be *** restorer genes were located in a 3.4 Mbp fragment of linkage group 2(Rf1)and 1.4 Mbp of linkage group 6(Rf2).Both fragments contained several genes coding for pentatricopeptide proteins,demonstrated to be responsible for restoring fertility in other *** implications of these results for using almond as a source of novel variability in peach are discussed.

关键词： linkage restore mapping

Modulatory effect of pineapple peel extract on lipid peroxidation,catalase activity and hepatic biomarker levels in blood plasma of alcoholinduced oxidative stressed rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第1期1卷 12-14页

作者： Okafor OY Erukainure ol Ajiboye JA Adejobi RO Owolabi FO Kosoko SB Food Technology Division Federal Institute of Industrial Research College of Natural and Applied Sciences Bells University of Technology

Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood ***:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in *** 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical *** was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 *** plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) ***:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the *** peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg *** fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the *** AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.

关键词： Blood plasma Catalase Lipid peroxide Aspartate aminotransferase Alkaline phosphatase Alanine aminotransferase Hepatic biomarker Pineapple peel extract Oxidative stress Lipid peroxidation

Diel differences in blue whale(Balaenoptera musculus)dive behavior increase nighttime risk of ship strikes in northern Chilean Patagonia

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 594-611页

作者： Francesco CARUSO Leigh HICKMOTT Joseph DWARREN Paolo SEGRE Gustavo CHIANG Paulina BAHAMONDE Sonia ESPAÑol-JIMÉNEZ Songhai LI Alessandro BOCCONCELLI Marine Mammals and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)SanyaChina Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods HoleMassachusettsUSA Open Ocean Consulting HampshireUK Scottish Oceans Institute University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Stony Brook University SouthamptonNew YorkUSA Hopkins Marine Station Stanford UniversityPacific GroveCaliforniaUSA Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute Santiago de ChileChile HUB Ambiental–Centro de Estudios Avanzado Universidad de Playa Ancha(UPLA)ValparaísoChile

The northern Chilean Patagonia region is a key feeding ground and a nursing habitat in the southern hemisphere for blue whales(Balaenoptera musculus).From 2014 to 2019,during 6 separate research cruises,the dive behavior of 28 individual blue whales was investigated using bio-logging tags(DTAGs),generating≈190 h of *** dove to significantly greater depths during the day compared to nighttime(day:32.6±18.7 m;night:6.2±2.7 m;Pollisions during periods of darkness since the estimated maximum ship draft of vessels operating in the region is also≈12 *** recent decades,northern Chilean Patagonia has seen a large increase in marine traffic due to a boom in salmon aquaculture and the passenger ship *** strike risks for large whales are likely underestimated in this *** reported in this study may be valuable for policy and mitigation decisions regarding conservation of the endangered blue whale.

关键词： bio-logging tags blue whale diving profile ocean conservation prey distribution

Highly Heat-Resistant Materials for Microelectronics:Hydrodynamic,Optical,and Conformational Properties of Fluorine Containing Poly(Amido-ortho-Hydroxy Amide)

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2020年第1期35卷 223-230页

作者： Irina A Strelina Liudmila I Rudaya ol’ga V Okatova Maxim N Bol’shakov Aleksey YuMarfichev Galina K Lebedeva Yuliya V Shagayko Stanislav M Ramsh Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoi pr.VO 31St Petersburg199004 Russia Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology(Technical University) Moskovskii pr.26St Petersburg190013 Russia

The polycondensation of the mixture of diamines 5,5-methylene bis(2-aminophenol) and 4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline(molar ratio 0.8:0.2) with isophthaloyl dichloride was used to synthesize poly(amido-o-hydroxy amide)(POA-F)-new heat resistant binder of the composites for microelectronics. The copolymer was fractionated, its hydrodynamic, optical, and conformational properties were researched, and molecular masses(ММ) of the fractions were defined. The polydispersity index was estimated. Based on experimental data, calculation of the size of a segment of Kuhn characterizing degree of an intramolecular orientation order and value of coefficients of the equation of Mark-Kuhn-Hauvink for viscometric and diffusion data were performed. It was demonstrated that introducing 20 mol % of the monomer with-CF3-groups does not lead to any changes in conformational properties of the macromolecules and does not change the degree of intramolecular orientational order(the Kuhn segment length). Optical characteristics of POA-F solutions are virtually similar to the corresponding values for POA prepared with the use of single amine-containing component-5,5-methylene bis(2-aminophenol). The received MM distribution for POA-F(prepolymer) provided the solubility of its films in alkaline solutions. The heat resistance(τ5 and τ10-temperatures corresponding to 5% and of 10% PBO-F mass loss of a polymer) of the powders and the films of PBO, PBO-F were determined. The electrophysical parameters-dielectric permittivity(ε) and dielectric loss tangent(tan δ) of the PBO-F films decreased down to 3.30 and 0.017, in comparison 3.40 and 0.025 for PBO respectively.

关键词： poly(o-hydroxy amide) 4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) dianiline Kuhn segment Mark-Kuhn-Houwink equations translational diffusion intrinsic viscosity flow birefringence

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Discrepancies between clinical and autopsy findings in patients who had an acute stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 215-221页

作者： Lilla Hudák Attila Csaba Nagy Sarolta Molnár Gábor Méhes Katalin Erzsébet Nagy Lászlóoláh LászlóCsiba Department of Neurology University of Debrecen Faculty of MedicineDebrecenHungary Department of Preventive Medicine University of Debrecen Faculty of Public HealthDebrecenHungary Department of Pathology University of Debrecen Clinical CenterDebrecenHungary Doctoral School of Neuroscience University of Debrecen Faculty of MedicineDebrecenHungary

Objectives According to international observations,the incidence of clinical autopsies is declining worldwide,plummeting below 5%in the USA and many European *** is an unfavourable trend as,in 7%-12%of cases,recent clinicopathological studies found discrepancies that might have changed the therapy or the outcome if known *** previous large-scale observations have examined varied patient populations,we aimed to focus on the differences between the clinical and pathological diagnostic findings in only patients who had a *** and methods We assessed the postmortem non-neuropathological and neuropathological findings of 534 consecutive patients who had a stroke who passed *** neoplasms,pneumonias,thromboembolisms and haemorrhagic transformations revealed only by autopsy were considered severe abnormalities;in addition,benign abnormalities important from an educational or scientific point of view were also *** In 26 of the 534 cases(4.9%),the presence of systemic neoplasms had already been confirmed in the clinical stage;however,8(1.5%)malignant tumours were only detected during ***,80(15%)thromboembolic events,73(13.6%)pneumonias and 66(18%)haemorrhagic transformations were only diagnosed at *** hospital stay(from admission to death)resulted in fewer discrepancies between clinical and autopsy diagnosis of thromboembolic events and pneumonias(polic and pneumonia complications.

关键词： neoplasms clinical finding

Cerium alleviates drought-induced stress in Phaseolus vulgaris

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第3期38卷 324-331页

作者： olívia Graziela Gelioli Salgado Jéssica Cristina Teodoro Joyce Pereira Alvarenga Cynthia de ol.veira Teotonio Soares de Carvalho Débora Domiciano Paulo Eduardo Ribeiro Marchiori Luiz Roberto Guimaraes Guilherme Department of Soil Science Federal University of LavrasCP 3037Campus UFLALavras37200-000Brazil Department of Biology Federal University of LavrasCP 3037Campus UFLALavras37200-000Brazil

Extreme drought events are expected to be one of the main challenges for tropical agriculture and,consequently,for global food *** this reason,it is urgent to develop strategies to increase water use efficiency,as well as to increase crops’ ability to cope with *** rare earth elements(REEs) are known to alleviate damages in plants under abiotic stresses,we hypothesized that addition of Ce^3+to nutrient solution would promote the growth of common bean,especially under simulated drought *** test this hypothesis,we conducted an experiment evaluating the effect of six Ce^3+concentrations on the development and physiological traits of common bean grown in nutrient solution under normal condition and under induced drought stress,caused by the addition of polyethylene glycol6000 to the nutrient *** results show that Ce^3+alleviates water stress in common bean plants,increasing their survival rate and *** addition,Ce^3+application increases photosynthesis rate,chlorophyll content and water use efficiency under water ***,we observe no significant effect of Ce^3+on plants growing under normal ***,Ce3+seems to be a promising attenuator of drought stress for common bean.

关键词： Water stress Polyethylene glycol Rare earth elements Cerium nitrate Mitigation Common bean

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