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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo L.Peri Juan Gaitán Matías Mastrangelo Marcelo Nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel Balducci Martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia Marina González Polo Silvina Manrique Pablo A.Meglioli Julián Rodríguez-Souilla Martín Mónaco Jimena E.Chaves Ariel Medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi María Paula Barral Axel von Müller Norberto M.Pahr Josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández Marina Morsucci Dardo López Juan manuel Cellini Leandro Alvarez Ignacio Barberis Hernán Colomb Ludmila La Manna Sebastián Barbaro Cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco Laura Cavallero Gualberto Zalazar Guillermo Martínez Pastur Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) CCT San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección Nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad Nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques Nacionales (APN) Parque Nacional Los Alerces Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (CEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background The nationally determined contribution（NDC） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United Nations Framework Conven-tion on Climate Change（UNFCCC） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOC） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission Levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. The objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOC stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOC stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOC native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOC. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. To determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（LST） images from Landsat *** SOC model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. Total mean SOC stock reached 2.81 Pg C（2.71–2.84 Pg C with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity Native forest Climate change mitigation Modelling Resilience

New sciences&technologies in soil conservation and eco-sustainability

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 412-414页

作者： Paolo Tarolli manuel EstebanLucas-Borja Guoqiang Yu Xiangzhou Xu Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale Dell'Universita 16LegnaroPD35020Italy School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry Engineering Castilla La Mancha UniversityCampus Universitario s/nE-02071AlbaceteSpain Xi'an Center of Geological Survey China Geological SurveyXi'an710499China School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

Soil conservation is necessary to achieve a sustainable world because soils play a crucial role in the Earth's *** the same time,the applicable and precise methods are vital to obtaining credible data in soil studies.A collection of 10 articles have been organized to focus on the new technologies regarding soil conservation and eco-sustainability and the results related to the novel *** articles put effort into the innovative works of field investigations,field experiments,model experiments,and nu-merical *** questions baffling soil scientists have been clarified and solved,and many valuable insights have been aroused.

关键词： Development Soil loss Soil conservation Eco-sustainability

A Simulation of Market-based Non-frequency Ancillary Service Procurement Based on Demand Flexibility

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 781-792页

作者： Ricardo Faia Fernando Lezama Tiago Pinto Pedro Faria Zita Vale José manuel Terras Susete Albuquerque Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development(GECAD) R.Dr.António Bernardino de Almeida4314249-015PortoPortugal E-REDES Distribuição de Eletricidade S.A.R.Camilo Castelo Branco43LisboaPortugal

This paper proposes a novel approach for the provision of non-frequency ancillary service(AS)by consumers connected to low-voltage distribution *** proposed approach considers an asymmetric pool-based local market for AS negotiation,allowing consumers to set a flexibility quantity and desired price to trade.A case study with 98 consumers illustrates the proposed market-based non-frequency AS provision ***,three different strategies of consumers’participation are implemented and tested in a real low-voltage distribution network with radial *** is shown that consumers can make a profit from the sale of their flexibility while contributing to keeping the network power losses,voltage,and current within pre-defined ***,the results demonstrate the value of AS coming directly from end-users.

关键词： Demand flexibility local electricity market ancillary service low-volatge distribution network

A High-Speed Launching Mechanism Inspired by a Slingshot Spider’s Web

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 440-447页

作者： Tom Bates John Gerig manuel Avitia Gunnar Waldvogel Tesfay Legesse Justin Washington Pranav A.Bhounsule Robotics and Motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago842 W.Taylor St.ChicagoIL 60607USA

Slingshot spiders use their conical webs to launch themselves at high speeds to catch *** built a launching mechanism inspired by the slingshot *** launch mechanisms comprise a steel structure with eye bolts to hold a conical web made from latex rubber *** pull the web by a winch using a lever arm.A quick-release mechanism connects the web to the winch using a tough-grid *** we release the quick-return mechanism,the projectile material consisting of a steel ball achieved an acceleration of 5107 m s^(-2) or 521 times gravity,and a speed of 66.41 m s^(-1).The power per unit mass and energy per unit mass of our prototype was one tenth and one fifth that of the spider’s web *** particular,we found that web structure consisting multiple radial web elements reinforced with circumferential web elements provide enhanced stiffness;as a comparison our web had a stiffness of about eight times that of traditional slingshot with a single radial web *** results suggest that adapting designs from nature can lead to potentially superior performance of man-made contraptions.

关键词： Slingshot spider Launching mechanisms Catapult Bioinspiration

Comparative study on simultaneous removal of calcium and sulfate ions from flotation recycling water by aluminum hydroxide

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第7期32卷 2379-2390页

作者： Ángel Daniel GUERRERO-FLORES Martha Araceli ELIZONDO-ÁLVAREZ Josémanuel FLORES-ÁLVAREZ Alejandro URIBE-SALAS Department of Metallurgical Engineering CINVESTAV-IPNUnidad Saltillo25900Ramos ArizpeCoahuilaMéxico Department of Materials Unidad Académica de Ingeniería IUniversidad Autónoma de Zacatecas“Francisco García Salinas”ZacatecasZacatecasMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad de ColimaCoquimatlánColimaMéxico

Due to the environmental policies and economic reasons,the water used in some flotation operations of complex sulfide ores is recirculated,causing the ion concentration of some species to increase over time,affecting the flotation of the minerals of *** this work,an experimental and thermodynamic analysis of the synthetic solutions was presented with a high content of calcium and sulfate *** study focused on evaluating the use of two aluminum compounds for the precipitation of Ca^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2−)in the form of *** amorphous aluminum hydroxide was found to be more efficient than the crystalline one,giving rise to 83%calcium and 91%sulfate *** XRD analysis of the solids showed the main reaction product of ettringite,accompanied by small amounts of calcite,due to the absorption of atmospheric carbon *** final solution after the chemical treatment showed residual calcium and sulfate concentrations below 200 mg/***,the kinetics of calcium removal appeared to correspond to a second order reaction with respect to calcium concentration,with an apparent activation energy of 53.48 kJ/mol,which may suggest that the ettringite precipitation process is governed by the chemical reaction.

关键词： ettringite ion removal aluminum hydroxide calcium sulfate

Stochastic Earned Duration Analysis for Project Schedule Management

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 148-161页

作者： Fernando Acebes David Poza Josémanuel González-Varona Adolfo López-Paredes GIR INSISOC-Department of Business Organization and CIM School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of ValladolidValladolid 47011Spain

Earned duration management(EDM)is a methodology for project schedule management(PSM)that can be considered an alternative to earned value management(EVM).EDM provides an estimation of devia-tions in schedule and a final project duration *** is a key difference between EDM and EVM:In EDM,the value of activities is expressed as work periods;whereas in EVM,value is expressed in terms of *** this paper,we present how EDM can be applied to monitor and control stochastic *** explain the methodology,we use a real case study with a project that presents a high level of uncertainty and activities with random *** analyze the usability of this approach according to the activities network topology and compare the EVM and earned schedule methodology(ESM)for PSM.

关键词： Earned duration management Earned value management Stochastic project control Duration forecasting Uncertainty

A summary of Copepoda:synthesis,trends,and ecological impacts

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第3期41卷 1050-1072页

作者： Vinod VAKATI Juan manuel FUENTES-REINÉS Pengbin WANG Jun WANG Steven DODSWORTH Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Fish Resources College of Life SciencesNeijiang Normal UniversityNeijiang 641100China Universidad del Magdalena Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología AplicadaSanta Marta AA 731Colombia Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics the Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Fourth Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeihai 536000China Department of Life Science College of Natural SciencesHanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Biological Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DYUnited Kingdom

Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ***,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model organisms in various fields of pure and applied science,from evolution and ecology to aquaculture as live feed,as biological control of mosquito larvae,as biological indicators of water and sediment quality,in environmental monitoring and as a source of protein in the food *** paper reviews the current progress and trends within copepod research from a number of different *** emphasize the importance of Copepoda and the necessity of strengthening research on various topics related to copepod biology,some of which are of great significance to local sustainable development.

关键词： bioindicators aquaculture pollutants eutrophication nutrition halotolerance

Patterns of species richness and beta diversity of vascular plants along elevation gradient in Brazilian páramo

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山地科学学报(英文) 2023年第7期20卷 1911-1920页

作者： CORDEIRO Anais de Almeida Campos KLANDERUD Kari VILLA Pedro manuel NERI Andreza Viana Federal University of Viçosa Department of Plant BiologyLaboratory of Ecology and Evolution of PlantsCampus Viçosa36570-900Viçosa-MGBrazil Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 5003N-1432ÅsNorway Biodiversity Conservation Association 7101Puerto AyacuchoEstado AmazonasVenezuela

Understanding the relationships between plant diversity and the environment is an important step towards conservation of species and *** this study,we hypothesize that community species richness decreases and species composition change along the elevation gradient,with a greater contribution of species turnover than nestedness to beta *** surveyed plant species in 300 plots(1 m×1 m)in four elevational bands(2100 m,2300m,2500 m,and 2700 m)in the CaparaóNational Park,Southeastern *** samples presented a great number of species(97 spp.,59 genera,27families),however,74%of the species were considered rare with their relative abundance being<1%.Among the four bands along the gradient,we detected two distinct communities with few species in *** transition between the two communities occurred at 2500 m,and this elevation band also had the highest species richness in total.A non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)showed floristic differences between the bands even though they had similar *** 89%of the plot pairs,using pairwise comparison of species composition,only half of the species that occurred in one did occur in the other *** dissimilarity among the plots and elevational band reflects a significant contribution of spatial species turnover to the species richness and beta diversity on the Caparaó*** diversity increased with spatial scale(from plot to elevational-band).The dissimilarity(βSOR=0.907)in the area was due almost exclusively to spatial species turnover(βSIM=0.879),with very low contribution of species nestedness(βSNE=0.028).Our research showed that species richness does not decrease with elevation in the study area,but the floristic composition *** clear distinction of species along the gradient show that spatial species turnover is the major diversitygenerating process in the studied area.

关键词： High altitude grassland Species turnover Partitioning diversity Campo de altitude Tropical mountains

Short-term changes in soil properties after prescribed fire and mulching with fern in Mediterranean forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1271-1289页

作者： Bruno Gianmarco Carra Giuseppe Bombino manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja Adele Muscolo Federico Romeo Demetrio Antonio Zema AGRARIA Department Mediterranean University of Reggio CalabriaLoc.Feo di Vito89122 Reggio CalabriaItaly Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringThe University of Castilla-La ManchaCampus Universitario s/n02071 AlbaceteSpain

Prescribed fire,although having low intensity and being able to reduce the risk of wildfire may modify soil properties in the short term,with possible increases in runoffand erosion *** mulching with vegetation residues is one of the most common post-fire management *** of fern,which is abundant on the Mediterranean forest floor,may be used to replace straw for mulching fireaffected ***,the effects of prescribed fires are not completely understood,and there is no data regarding the use of fern to protect soil after fire in the *** fill this gap,selected soil chemical parameters were analyzed,on a comparative basis,in three Mediterranean forests(pine,oak and chestnut)in Calabria(Southern Italy).These parameters were measured immediately and one year after fire in unburned,burned and not treated,and burned and mulched *** in soil chemical properties among the different treatments were significant,and the effects of the prescribed fire and mulching were dependent on the time elapsed from their application and forest *** general,mulching was not effective in limiting the changes in the monitored soil properties compared to the pre-fire *** forest species showed different temporal trends in changes of soil properties.

关键词： Organic matter Nutrients Macro-elements Vegetation cover Post-fire management