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Concentrations of disinfection by-products in swimming pool following modifications of the water treatment process:An exploratory study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 163-172页

作者： Robert Tardif manuel Rodriguez Cyril Catto Ginette Charest-Tardif Sabrina Simard Department of environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthUniversité de Montréal NSeRC Industrial Research Chair on Drinking Water Université Laval

The formation and concentration of disinfection by-products（DBPs） in pool water and the ambient air vary according to the type of water treatment process used. This exploratory study was aimed at investigating the short-term impact of modifications of the water treatment process on traditional DBP levels（e.g., trihalomethanes（THMs）, chloramines） and emerging DBPs（e.g., Halonitromethanes, Haloketones, NDMA） in swimming pool water and/or air. A sampling program was carried to understand the impact of the following changes made successively to the standard water treatment process： activation of ultraviolet（UV）photoreactor, halt of air stripping with continuation of air extraction from the buffer tank,halt of air stripping and suppression of air extraction from the buffer tank, suppression of the polyaluminium silicate sulfate（PASS） coagulant. UV caused a high increase of Halonitromethanes（8.4 fold）, Haloketones（2.1 fold）, and THMs in the water（1.7 fold） and, of THMs in the air（1.6 fold） and contributed to reducing the level of chloramines in the air（1.6fold） and NDMA in the water（2.1 fold）. The results highlight the positive impact of air stripping in reducing volatile contaminants. The PASS did not change the presence of DBPs, except for the THMs, which decrease slightly with the use of this coagulant. This study shows that modifications affecting the water treatment process can rapidly produce important and variable impacts on DBP levels in water and air and suggests that implementation of any water treatment process to reduce DBP levels should take into account the specific context of each swimming pool.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Swimming pool UV rays Air stripping Chloramines emerging DBPs NDMA

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Short-term changes in soil properties after prescribed fire and mulching with fern in Mediterranean forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1271-1289页

作者： Bruno Gianmarco Carra Giuseppe Bombino manuel esteban Lucas-Borja Adele Muscolo Federico Romeo Demetrio Antonio Zema AGRARIA Department Mediterranean University of Reggio CalabriaLoc.Feo di Vito89122 Reggio CalabriaItaly Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringThe University of Castilla-La ManchaCampus Universitario s/n02071 AlbaceteSpain

Prescribed fire,although having low intensity and being able to reduce the risk of wildfire may modify soil properties in the short term,with possible increases in runoffand erosion risk.Soil mulching with vegetation residues is one of the most common post-fire management strategies.Residues of fern,which is abundant on the Mediterranean forest floor,may be used to replace straw for mulching fireaffected areas.However,the effects of prescribed fires are not completely understood,and there is no data regarding the use of fern to protect soil after fire in the literature.To fill this gap,selected soil chemical parameters were analyzed,on a comparative basis,in three Mediterranean forests(pine,oak and chestnut)in Calabria(Southern Italy).These parameters were measured immediately and one year after fire in unburned,burned and not treated,and burned and mulched soils.Changes in soil chemical properties among the different treatments were significant,and the effects of the prescribed fire and mulching were dependent on the time elapsed from their application and forest species.In general,mulching was not effective in limiting the changes in the monitored soil properties compared to the pre-fire values.each forest species showed different temporal trends in changes of soil properties.

关键词： Organic matter Nutrients Macro-elements Vegetation cover Post-fire management

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Modeling Refractive Index Change in Writing Long-Period Fiber Gratings Using Mid-Infrared Laser Radiation

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第1期3卷 67-73页

作者： Joāo M. e COeLHO Marta C. NeSPeReIRA manuel ABReU José M. ReBORD.AO University of Lisbon Faculty of Sciences Laboratory of Optics Lasers and Systems 1749-016 Lisbon PortugalUniversity of Lisbon Faculty of Sciences Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering 1649-038 LisbonPortugal

关于基于 CO2 激光刻写的长时期的纤维栅栏，中间红外线的放射在最后年里增加了的纤维传感器的使用的研究。在这篇论文，一套分析表情被用来为在激光放射和光纤维之间的相互作用建模并且决定结果折射索引变化。热并且剩余压力分析为一... 详细信息

关于基于 CO2 激光刻写的长时期的纤维栅栏，中间红外线的放射在最后年里增加了的纤维传感器的使用的研究。在这篇论文，一套分析表情被用来为在激光放射和光纤维之间的相互作用建模并且决定结果折射索引变化。热并且剩余压力分析为一个标准单身者被例示模式纤维，表明这些的能力当模特儿指出必要参数基于长时期纤维栅栏完成合适的光纤维设备。试验性的结果也被介绍。

关键词：长周期光纤光栅折射率变化激光辐射中红外编写建模标准单模光纤残余应力分析

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Deceleration-stage Rayleigh–Taylor growth in a background magnetic field studied in cylindrical and Cartesian geometries

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2022年第2期7卷 41-52页

作者： C.Samulski B.Srinivasan M.J.-e.manuel R.Masti J.P.Sauppe J.Kline Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University BlacksburgVirginia 24060USA General Atomics P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCalifornia 92186USA Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O.Box 1663Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA

experiments have identified the Rayleigh–Taylor(RT)instability as one of the greatest obstacles to achieving inertial confinement fusion.Consequently,mitigation strategies to reduce RT growth and fuel–ablator mixing in the hotspot during the deceleration phase of the implosion are of great interest.In this work,the effect of seed magnetic fields on deceleration-phase RT growth are studied in planar and cylindrical geometries under conditions relevant to the National Ignition Facility(NIF)and Omega experiments.The magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)and resistive-MHD capabilities of the FLASH code are used to model imploding cylinders and planar blast-wave-driven targets.Realistic target and laser parameters are presented that suggest the occurrence of morphological differences in late-time RT evolution in the cylindrical NIF case and a measurable difference in spike height of single-mode growth in the planar NIF case.The results of this study indicate the need for target designs to utilize an RT-unstable foam–foam interface in order to achieve sufficient magnetic field amplification to alter RT evolution.Benchmarked FLASH simulations are used to study these magnetic field effects in both resistive and ideal MHD.

关键词： FLASH cylindrical magnetic

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蠕形螨的系统学研究进展

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国际医学寄生虫病杂志 2013年第3期40卷 166-170页

作者：赵亚娥 De Rojas manuel 西安交通大学医学院免疫学与病原生物学系西安710061 塞维利亚大学药学院微生物学与寄生虫学系 41012塞维利亚

蠕形螨是一类小型永久性寄生螨，目前已知有140个种和亚种，可寄生于11种目的哺乳动物的毛囊和皮脂腺等部位。蠕形螨具有高感染率和低发病率的特征。随着蠕形螨与人体面部皮肤病关联性的确认．其种群分类与致病关系已引起医学界的关注... 详细信息

蠕形螨是一类小型永久性寄生螨，目前已知有140个种和亚种，可寄生于11种目的哺乳动物的毛囊和皮脂腺等部位。蠕形螨具有高感染率和低发病率的特征。随着蠕形螨与人体面部皮肤病关联性的确认．其种群分类与致病关系已引起医学界的关注。该文就蠕形螨的研究历史、形态学分类、DNA标志以及系统发育等研究进展进行综述。

关键词：蠕形螨形态学分类 DNA标志物系统发育

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Nonlinear optical properties in n-type quadrupleδ-doped GaAs quantum wells

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第4期31卷 348-351页

作者： Humberto Noverola-Gamas Luis manuel Gaggero-Sager Outmane Oubram Division Academica de Ingenierıa y Arquitectura Universidad Juarez Autonoma de TabascoCarretera Cunduacan-Jalpa de Mendez Km.1 Col.La EsmeraldaCunduacan8660Mexico Centro de Investigacion en Ingenierıa y Ciencias Aplicadas Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001 Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca62209Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Quımicas e Ingenierıa Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001 Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca62209Mexico

The effects of the interlayer distance on the nonlinear optical properties of n-type quadrupleδ-doped GaAs quantum well were theoretically investigated.Particularly,the absorption coefficient and the relative refraction index change were determined.In the effective mass approach and within the framework of the Thomas-Fermi theory,the Schrodinger equation was resolved.Thereby,the subband energy levels and their respective wave functions were calculated.The variations in the nonlinear optical properties were determined by using the density matrix solutions.The achieved results demonstrate that the interlayer distance causes optical red-shift on nonlinear optical properties.Therefore,it can be deduced that the suitably chosen interlayer distance can be used to tune optical properties within the infrared spectrum region in optoelectronic devices such as far-infrared photo-detectors,high-speed electronic-optical modulators,and infrared lasers.

关键词： delta-doping n-type GaAs layers electronic structure non-linear optical properties

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Pupil apodization for increasing data storage density

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第8期7卷 720-723页

作者： Vidal F.Canales Pedro J.Valle Jose e.Oti manuel P.Cagigal Department of Física Aplicada University of CantabriaLos Castros S/NSantander 39005Spain AOTeK S.COOP. Bo San Andrés 19Arrasate-Mondragón 20500Spain

We introduce a technique for increasing density in optical data storage systems. This technique is based on the use of a superresolving filter at the pupil of a confocal readout system. The main characteristic of this confocal readout system is that the light beam traverses twice through the pupil filter. We describe how to analyze the system performance for general filters, but we focus the study on filters with no focus displacement. Although the storage density attainable depends on the filter characteristics, we show that the storage density can be easily duplicated.

关键词： Pupil apodization for increasing data storage density PSF data

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Influence of olive oil and its components on mesenchymal stem cell biology

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第12期11卷 1045-1064页

作者： Antonio Casado-Díaz Gabriel Dorado Jose manuel Quesada-Gómez CIBeR de Fragilidad y envejecimiento Saludable(CIBeRFeS) Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba(IMIBIC)Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdoba 14004Spain Departement Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario(ceiA3)Universidad de CórdobaCIBERFESCórdoba 14071Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de endocrinología y Nutrición CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable(CIBERFES)Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba(IMIBIC)Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdoba 14004Spain

extra virgin olive oil is characterized by its high content of unsaturated fatty acid residues in triglycerides,mainly oleic acid,and the presence of bioactive and antioxidant compounds.Its consumption is associated with lower risk of suffering chronic diseases and unwanted processes linked to aging,due to the antioxidant capacity and capability of its components to modulate cellular signaling pathways.Consumption of olive oil can alter the physiology of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).This may explain part of the healthy effects of olive oil consumption,such as prevention of unwanted aging processes.To date,there are no specific studies on the action of olive oil on MSCs,but effects of many components of such food on cell viability and differentiation have been evaluated.The objective of this article is to review existing literature on how different compounds of extra virgin olive oil,including residues of fatty acids,vitamins,squalene,triterpenes,pigments and phenols,affect MSC maintenance and differentiation,in order to provide a better understanding of the healthy effects of this food.Interestingly,most studies have shown a positive effect of these compounds on MSCs.The collective findings support the hypothesis that at least part of the beneficial effects of extra virgin olive oil consumption on health may be mediated by its effects on MSCs.

关键词： Olive oil Mesenchymal stem cells Cellular differentiation Aging Cellular

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exploring the factors influencing the hydrological response of soil after low and high-severity fires with post-fire mulching in Mediterranean forests

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 169-182页

作者： manuel esteban Lucas-Borja Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez Xiangzhou Xu Bruno Gianmarco Carra Demetrio Antonio Zema Castlla La Mancha University School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry Engineering.Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and GeneticsCampus Universitario s/nE-02071AlbaceteSpain "Mediterranea"University of Reggio Calabria Department"AGRARIA"Localita Feo di VitoI-89122Reggio CalabriaItaly Institute of environmental and Water Resources School of Hydraulic EngineeringDalian University of Technology2Ling GongGanjingziDalian116024China

Despite ample literature,the influence of the individual soil properties and covers on the hydrological response of burned soils of forests has not clearly identified.A clear understanding of the surface runoff and erosion rates altered by wildfires and prescribed fires is beneficial to identify the most suitable post-fire treatment This study has carried out a combined analysis of the hydrological response of soil and its driving factors in burned forests of Central-eastern Spain.The pine stands of these forests were subjected to both prescribed fire and wildfire,and,in the latter case,to post-fire treatment with mulching.Moreover,simple multi-regression models are proposed to predict runoff and erosion in the experi-mental conditions.In the case of the prescribed burning,the fire had a limited impact on runoff and erosion compared to the unburned areas,due to the limited changes in soil parameters.In contrast,the wildfire increased many-fold the runoff and erosion rates,but the mulching reduced the hydrological response of the burned soils,particularly for the first two-three rainfalls after the fire.The increase in runoff and erosion after the wildfire was associated to the removal of the vegetation cover,soil water repellency,and ash left by fire;the changes in water infiltration played a minor role on runoff and erosion.The multi-regression models developed for the prescribed fire were accurate to predict the post-fire runoff coefficients.However,these models were less reliable for predictions of the mean erosion rates.The predictions of erosion after wildfire and mulching were excellent,while those of runoff were not satisfactory(except for the mean values).These results are useful to better understand the relations among the hydrological effects of fire on one side and the main soil properties and covers on the other side.Moreover,the proposed prediction models are useful to support the planning activities of forest managers and hydrologists towards a more effective conservation of forest soils.

关键词： Wildhre Prescribed fire Soil cover Soil properties Soil water repellency Infiltration rate Surface runoff Soil loss erosion

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Intranasal delivery of nanostructured lipid carriers,solid lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions:A current overview of in vivo studies

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第4期11卷 925-940页

作者： Cláudia Pina Costa Joao Nuno Moreira Josémanuel Sousa Lobo Ana Catarina Silva UCIBIO/ReQUIMTe MedtechLaboratory of Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Drug SciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPorto 4050-313Portugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology(CIBB)University of CoimbraFaculty of Medicine(Pólo I)Coimbra 3004-504Portugal UC-University of Coimbra CIBBFaculty of PharmacyPólo Das Ciências da SaúdeCoimbra 3000-548Portugal FP-eNAS(UFP energy Environment and Health Research Unit)CEBIMED(Biomedical Research Centre)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity Fernando PessoaPorto 4249-004Portugal

The management of the central nervous system(CNS)disorders is challenging,due to the need of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and reach the brain.Among the various strategies that have been studied to circumvent this challenge,the use of the intranasal route to transport drugs from the nose directly to the brain has been showing promising results.In addition,the encapsulation of the drugs in lipid-based nanocarriers,such as solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs),nanostructured lipid carriers(NLCs)or nanoemulsions(Nes),can improve nose-to-brain transport by increasing the bioavailability and site-specifc delivery.This review provides the state-of-the-art of in vivo studies with lipid-based nanocarriers(SLNs,NLCs and Nes)for nose-to-brain delivery.Based on the literature available from the past two years,we present an insight into the different mechanisms that drugs can follow to reach the brain after intranasal administration.The results of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies are reported and a critical analysis of the differences between the anatomy of the nasal cavity of the different animal species used in in vivo studies is carried out.Although the exact mechanism of drug transport from the nose to the brain is not fully understood and its effectiveness in humans is unclear,it appears that the intranasal route together with the use of NLCs,SLNs or Nes is advantageous for targeting drugs to the brain.These systems have been shown to be more effective for nose-to-brain delivery than other routes or formulations with non-encapsulated drugs,so they are expected to be approved by regulatory authorities in the coming years.

关键词： Nose-to-brain delivery Intranasal administration Nanostructured lipid carriers NLC Solid lipid nanoparticles SLN Nanoemulsions In vivo studies Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamics

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