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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz David García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation.Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement.However,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system.Here,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

Metastasis in renal cell carcinoma:Biology and implications for therapy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第4期3卷 286-292页

作者： Jun Gong manuel Caitano Maia Nazli Dizman Ameish Govindarajan Sumanta K.Pal Department of Medical Oncology&experimental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCAUSA Division of Medical Oncology Instituto Hemomed de Oncologia e Hematologia.Av.Arnolfo de Azevedo121-Cerqueira Ce´sar-CEP 01248-040Sao PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Research and Training HospitalIstanbulTurkey

Although multiple advances have been made in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma(RCC),metastatic RCC remains incurable.In the current review,we focus on the underlying biology of RCC and plausible mechanisms of metastasis.We further outline evolving strategies to combat metastasis through adjuvant therapy.Finally,we discuss clinical patterns of metastasis in RCC and how distinct systemic therapy approaches may be considered based on the anatomic location of metastasis.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Metastasis Vascular endothelial growth factor Mammalian target of rapamycin Hypoxia inducible factor

New approach to assess sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics： Fine-tuning mathematical models

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 592-600页

作者： Isabel Ortiz Jesus Dorado Jane Morrell Jaime Gosalvez Francisco Crespo Juan M.Jimenez manuel Hidalgo Veterinary Reproduction Group Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Department of Clinical Sciences Division of Reproduction Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7054 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden Department of Biology Universidad Aut6noma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain Department of Reproduction Centro Militar de Cria Caballar (FESCCR-Ministry of Defense) 05005 Avila Spain Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials University of Salzburg Hellbrunner StraBe 34/111 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Background： Sperm DNA fragmentation（sDF） has been proved to be an important parameter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a semen sample. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to select those donkey sperm more resistant to DNA fragmentation after thawing. Previous studies have shown that to elucidate the latent damage of the DNA molecule, sDF should be assessed dynamically, where the rate of fragmentation between treatments indicates how resistant the DNA is to iatrogenic damage. The rate of fragmentation is calculated using the slope of a linear regression equation. However, it has not been studied if s DF dynamics fit this model. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different after-thawing centrifugation protocols on sperm DNA fragmentation and elucidate the most accurate mathematical model（linear regression, exponential or polynomial） for DNA fragmentation over time in frozen-thawed donkey semen.Results： After submitting post-thaw semen samples to no centrifugation（UDC）, sperm washing（SW） or single layer centrifugation（SLC） protocols, sD F values after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower in SLC samples than in SW or UDC.Coefficient of determination（R-2） values were significantly higher for a second order polynomial model than for linear or exponential. The highest values for acceleration of fragmentation（aSDF） were obtained for SW, fol owed by SLC and UDC.Conclusion： SLC after thawing seems to preserve longer DNA longevity in comparison to UDC and SW. Moreover,the fine-tuning of models has shown that sDF dynamics in frozen-thawed donkey semen fit a second order polynomial model, which implies that fragmentation rate is not constant and fragmentation acceleration must be taken into account to elucidate hidden damage in the DNA molecule.

关键词： Colloid centrifugation Dynamics Fine-tuning Mathematical models Sperm DNA fragmentation

Reasons for Prophylactic Mastectomy in Women Carrying BRCA 1/2 Mutation: A Systematic Literature Review

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2013年第3期2卷 97-105页

作者： manuel Machado Sofia Braga Departamento de Ciencias Biomedicas e Medicina da Universidade do AlgarvePr.Herois da FundacaoGuimaraesPortugal

Although the majority of breast cancers are sporadic, it is estimated that between 5% and 10% of cases are hereditary and mostly associated with BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations. Women with BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 mutation present up to 95% increased risk of breast cancer and are advised to take preventive measures. Surveillance, chemoprevention and prophylactic surgery (mastectomy and oophorectomy) are risk-reducing strategies. This literature review aims to respond to two major questions: 1) to what extent is the decision-making for prophylactic mastectomy in women with the BRCA mutation a more relevant option than other strategies, and 2) what are the major factors influencing the decision for mastectomy? For this purpose, 27 published articles were reviewed. Results show: a) the decision for mastectomy is more frequent in women carrying BRCA 1/2 mutation than in non-carriers;mastectomy being less frequent than oophorectomy;b) the decision-making is significantly associated with BRCA mutation, parity, age and family history;c) reasons underlying women decision-making relate to anxiety toward the risk of cancer, concerns with surgery, body-image and sexuality. It is discussed that, due to the complexity of the decision-making process, these cases require a careful and meticulous approach regarding information provided, and in addressing concerns.

关键词： BRCA 1 BRCA 2 Prophylactic Mastectomy Decision Making

Precipitation Kinetics on a Nb-V Microalloyed Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 148-153页

作者： Cartaya elio Armando Cabrera José María Prado José manuel Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica ETSEIBUniversidad Politécnica de Catalua Av.Diagonal 64708028 BarcelonaSpain Departamento de Manufactura y Materiales Facultad de Ingeniería MecánicaUniversidad de OrienteSantiago de CubaCuba Fundación CTM Centro Tecnológico Av.Bases de Manresa 108242 ManresaSpain

The precipitation kinetics in a low carbon high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel,microalloyed with V+Nb has been studied by using the stress relaxation method.This technique was carried out in a dynamic dilatometer and allows to determine the onset and finishing precipitation times in hot deformed austenite.The evolution of the precipitates was also observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FeSeM) on samples quenched at different times at given temperatures.Discussion is completed with the predictions by the thermodynamic software FactSage to identify stable precipitate phases under equilibrium conditions.Results confirm the feasibility of the stress relaxation technique as an efficient method for investigating precipitation kinetics.

关键词： stress relaxation microalloyed steels precipitation FeSeM

Avian sibling cannibalism: Hoopoe mothers regularly use their last hatched nestlings to feed older siblings

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Zoological Research 2022年第2期43卷 265-274页

作者： Juan JoseSoler manuel Martin-Vivaldi Sona Nuhlickova Cristina Ruiz-Castellano Monica Mazorra-Alonso ester Martinez-Renau Manfred eckenfellner Jan Svetlik Herbert Hoi Departamento de ecologia Funcional y evolutiva Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas(EEZA-CSIC)Almeria E-04120Spain Unidad Asociada Coevolucion:Cucos Hospedadores y Bacterias SimbiontesUniversidad de GranadaGranada E-18003Spain Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaGranada E-18003Spain Department of ecology Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius UniversityBratislava SK-84215Slovakia Konrad Lorenz Institute of ethology Department of Interdisciplinary Life SciencesUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna A-1160Austria

Sibling cannibalism is relatively common in nature,but its evolution in birds and certain other vertebrates with extended parental care had been discarded.Here,however,we demonstrate its regular occurrence in two european populations of the eurasian hoopoe(Upupa epops)and explore possible adaptive and non-adaptive explanations.Results showed that sibling cannibalism was more frequently detected in Spain(51.7%)than in Austria(5.9%).In these two populations,the hoopoes laid similar clutch sizes,resulting in similar fledging production,but hatching failures were more frequent in the northern population.Consequently,having more nestlings condemned to die in the southern population may explain the higher incidence of sibling cannibalism.In accordance with this interpretation,hatching span and failure,but not breeding date,explained the probability of sibling cannibalism in the Spanish hoopoes,while all three variables predicted brood reduction intensity.Furthermore,experimental food supply reduced the probability of sibling cannibalism,but not the intensity of brood reduction.Finally,females allocated fewer resources to the smallest nestlings when they were going to starve,but not necessarily when they were going to be used as food for their siblings.These results suggest that hoopoes produce extra eggs that,in the case of reduced hatching failure and food scarcity,produce nestlings that are used to feed older siblings.These findings provide the first evidence that sibling cannibalism occurs regularly in a bird species,thus expanding our evolutionary understanding of clutch size,hatching asynchrony,parent-offspring conflict,infanticide,and sibling cannibalism in the animal kingdom.

关键词： Brood reduction Clutch size Hatching asynchrony Ice-box hypothesis Infanticide Siblicide Sibling hierarchy Upupa epops

Plant diversity and community structure of Brazilian Páramos

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1186-1198页

作者： prímula viana campos pedro manuel villa jaquelina alves nunes carlos e.g.r.schaefer stefan porembski andreza viana neri federal university of vicosa department of plant biologylaboratory of ecology and evolution of plantscampus universitário36570-900VicosaMinas GeraisBrazil foundation for the conservation of biodiversity 7101MeridaVenezuela minas gerais state university 23.Santa Emilia36800-000CarangolaMihas GeraisBrazil federal university of vicosa department of soilcampus universitário36570-900VicosaMinas GeraisBrazil university of rostock institute of biosciencedepartment of botanyWismarsche Str.44/45D-18051 RostockGermany

In eastern South America, high altitude grasslands represent a mountain system that has a high number of endemic species. However, studies on the ecology of plant communities in these environments remain scarce. We aimed to evaluate the patterns of biodiversity and structure of plant communities from rocky outcrops in high altitude grasslands of three areas at the Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil, by sampling 300 randomly distributed plots. Then, we compared the floristic composition, relative abundance, and biological and vegetation spectra among areas. We classified species as endemic and non-endemic and verified the occurrence of endangered species. Species richness was evaluated by rarefaction analysis on the sampling units. The importance value and species abundance distribution(SAD) models were assessed. We also performed an indicator species analysis. We sampled 58 species belonging to 49 genera and 32 families. The number of species decreased with increasing altitude, with significant differences being observed among areas regarding richness, abundance, and cover. Of the total number of species, 10 are endemic to the Caparaó National Park and 17 are listed on the Brazilian Red List of endangered species. The dominant families on all peaks were Asteraceae and Poaceae. The SAD models showed lognormal and geometric distributions, corroborating the fact that 10 species that were common to all three areas were also the most dominant ones in the communities and showed the highest importance values, which ranged between 35% and 60%. Indicator species analysis revealed that 28 species(48.27%) were indicators. Of these, 42.85% had maximum specificity, meaning that they occurred only in one area. Thus, the number of species per life form ratio was similar among areas, yet vegetation spectra differed, especially for hemicryptophytes. The altimetric difference among the areas showed to be a very important driver in the community assembly, influencing the evaluated variables, however, other drivers as soil d

关键词：社区巴西 amos 结构生物多样性模型显示影响评估国家公园

effects of medium-and long-distance running on cardiac damage markers in amateur runners:a systematic review,meta-analysis,and metaregression

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 192-200页

作者： Jacobo A.Rubio-Arias Luis Andreu Luis manuel Martinez-Aranda Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez Pedro Manonelles Domingo J.Ramos-Campo Faculty of Sport Catholic University of San Antonio(UCAM)Murcia 30107Spain LFe Research Group Department of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEFUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid 28040Spain International Chair of Sports Medicine Catholic University of San Antonio(UCAM)Murcia 30107Spain Neuroscience of Human Movement Research Group(Neuromove) Catholic University of San Antonio(UCAM)Murcia 30107Spain Faculty of Sciences University of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain

Background:To finish an endurance race,athletes perform a vigorous effort that induces the release of cardiac damage markers.There are several factors that can affect the total number of these markers,so the aim of this review was to analyze the effect of endurance running races on cardiac damage markers and to identify the factors that modify the levels of segregation of these cardiac damage markers.Methods:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library databases was performed.This analysis included studies where the acute effects of running races on cardiac damage markers(troponin I and troponin T)were analyzed,assessing the levels of these markers before and after the races.Results:The effects of running races on troponin I(mean difference=0.0381 ng/mL)and troponin T(mean difference=0.0256 ng/mL)levels were significant.The ages(R^(2)=14.4%,p=0.033)and body mass indexes(R^(2)=14.5%,p=0.045)of the athletes had a significant interaction with troponin I.In addition,gender,mean speed,time to finish the race,and type of race can affect the level of cardiac damage markers.Conclusion:endurance running races induce the release of cardiac-damage markers that remain elevated for at least 24 h after the races.In addition,young male athletes with high body mass indexes who perform races combining long duration and moderate intensity(i.e.,marathons)release the highest levels of cardiac damage markers.Physicians should take into consideration these results in the diagnosis and treatment of patients admitted to the hospital days after finishing endurance running races.

关键词： endurance races Troponin I Troponin T Ultra-endurance

Status of CAS global ionospheric maps after the maximum of solar cycle 24

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Satellite Navigation 2021年第1期2卷 263-277页

作者： Zishen Li Ningbo Wang Ang Liu Yunbin Yuan Liang Wang manuel Hernández-Pajares Andrzej Krankowski Hong Yuan Aerospace Information Research Institute(AIR) Chinese Academy of Sci-ences(CAS)BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and earth’s Dynamics Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology(APM)CASWuhanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) BeijingChina Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya(UPC-IonSAT IEEC)BarcelonaSpain Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre(SRRC) University of Warmia and Mazury(UWM)in OlsztynOlsztynPoland.

As a new Ionosphere Associate Analysis Center(IAAC)of the International GNSS Service(IGS),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)started the routine computation of the real-time,rapid,and final Global Ionospheric Maps(GIMs)in 2015.The method for the generation of CAS rapid and final GIMs and recent updates are presented in the paper.The quality of CAS post-processed GIMs is assessed during 2015-2018 after the maximum of solar cycle 24.To perform an independent and fair assessment,Jason-2/3 Vertical Total electron Contents(VTeC)are first used as the references over the ocean.GPS differential Slant TeCs(dSTeC)generated from 55 Multi-GNSS experimental(MGeX)stations of the IGS are also employed,which provides a complementing way to evaluate the ability of electron content models to reproduce the spatial and temporal gradients in the ionosphere.During the test period,Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL)GIMs present significantly positive deviations compared to the Jason VTeC and GPS dSTeC.Technical University of Catalonia(UPC)rapid GIM UQRG exhibits the best performance in both Jason VTeC and GPS dSTeC analysis.The CAS GIMs show comparable performance with the results of the first four IAACs of the IGS.As expected,the poor performance of all GIMs is in equatorial regions and the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere.The consideration of generating multi-layer or three-dimensional ionospheric maps is emphasized to mitigate the inadequacy of ionospheric single-layer assumption in the presence of pronounced latitudinal gradients.The use of ionospheric observations from the new GNSS constellations and other space-or ground-based observation techniques is also suggested in the generation of future GIMs,given the sparse GPS/GLONASS stations in the southern hemisphere.

关键词： International GNSS Service(IGS) Global ionospheric map(GIM) Total electron content(TeC) Jason-2/3 Differential Slant TeC(dSTeC)