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Research on Crime Data Visualization and Trends Prediction

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Research on Crime Data Visualization and Trends Prediction

作者： Mokhtar mansour ali Mubarak Salah 河北工业大学

学位级别：硕士

犯罪是社会和刑事司法组织面临的最持久和最棘手的现象之一,它对经济、健康、教育和人身安全等诸多领域造成巨大影响。近年来以机器学习(ML)、深度学习和数据挖掘为代表的技术发挥了重要作用,主要帮助和支持执法机构在许多方面打击犯罪... 详细信息

犯罪是社会和刑事司法组织面临的最持久和最棘手的现象之一,它对经济、健康、教育和人身安全等诸多领域造成巨大影响。近年来以机器学习(ML)、深度学习和数据挖掘为代表的技术发挥了重要作用,主要帮助和支持执法机构在许多方面打击犯罪。然而现在所面临的一个主要挑战是犯罪数据的快速增长,以及如何准确有效地对其进行分析和可视化,从而帮助专家更好地理解和发现犯罪模式,并引导他们做出更好的决策,打击犯罪,减少犯罪的发生。此外,如何准确预测短期和长期犯罪趋势的可能性将对执法机构和警察部门大有裨益。这将有助于制定计划和决策,并有效地部署资源。为了解决上述问题,本研究给出一些新颖的可视化方法,可以帮助执法机构更好地理解和检测犯罪模式,还提出一种使用XGBoost、Light GBM和Cat Boost更有效地预测犯罪趋势的方法。因此,本研究所做的工作可以帮助执法机构打击犯罪,减少其发生。本研究工作的主要贡献总结如下:(1)犯罪数据可视化的应用研究本研究给出一些新颖的2维和3维可视化方法,如散点极坐标图、三维散点图和犯罪地图,能够以简单的方式表示大型犯罪数据,从而更好地理解和帮助检测犯罪模式。该方法应用于美国芝加哥、旧金山和洛杉矶三个城市的三个真实犯罪数据集。芝加哥犯罪数据集包含2010-2019年期间的2 972 729条犯罪事件记录,旧金山数据集包含2008-2017年期间的1 419 582条记录,洛杉矶犯罪数据集包含2010-2019年期间的2 068 089条记录。为了揭示和了解这三个城市的犯罪模式,本研究实施了一系列调查探索、分析和可视化技术,已发现一些有趣且隐藏的模式和关联,比如芝加哥的犯罪是季节性的,犯罪在所有年份的特定月份都会增加和减少,某些犯罪在特定的时间和地区也会增加和减少。(2)基于梯度提升模型的犯罪趋势预测使用三个高效的梯度提升模型,即e Xtreme Gradient Boost(XGBoost)、Light Gradient Boosting Method(Light GBM)和Categorical Boosting(Cat Boost),以及Prophet模型来预测美国三个城市芝加哥、旧金山和洛杉矶的短期(一年)和长期(5年)犯罪趋势。为了提高梯度提升模型的性能以获得更好的预测精度,采用Optuna优化框架,该框架采用最先进的超参数采样算法,如树状结构的Parzen估计器(TPE),用于自动调整模型的主要超参数。然后采用Pandas Datetime Index类从犯罪数据中提取时间序列特征。在长期犯罪趋势预测中,数据被分为两半,即5年的训练集和5年的测试集;而在短期趋势预测中,训练集根据年数被分为不同的体积(9、7、5、3、2、1),以确定训练集的最佳体积,使预测短期犯罪趋势(一年)的准确性最佳。为了评估模型的性能,使用三个指标:均方根误差(RMSE)、平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)和相关系数。预测结果显示,改进后的梯度提升模型XGBoost、Light GBM和Cat Boost在长期和短期犯罪趋势预测方面都优于Prophet模型,而XGBoost的表现略优于Light GBM和Cat Boost模型。在速度方面,Light GBM的表现最快,而Prophet模型的表现最慢。对于确定最佳的训练数据量,使预测短期犯罪趋势的准确性最佳,结果显示,使用9年的训练集与1年的训练集,模型的性能没有明显的差异。因此,本研究认为,短期犯罪趋势预测不需要大量的训练数据(很长一段时间),在这种情况下,增加训练数据有时是无用的,可能会对性能产生负面影响,(1-3)年的数据可以足够预测短期犯罪趋势(一年)。

关键词：犯罪数据可视化犯罪趋势预测梯度提升模型 Prophet模型

Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 659-664页

作者： Amal Aldarwesh ali Almustanyir Raied Fagehi Khalaf Alruways Abdulaziz Bin Turki mansour Alghamdi Muteb Khalaf Alanazi Balsam Alabdulkader Wafa Alotaibi Mosaad Alhassan Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film ***:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry *** in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■*** in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were ***:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye ***,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye ***,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

关键词： dry eye lid wipes tear break-up time tear meniscus height

Cognitive-emotional feasibility of the effect of visual quality of building form on promoting the sense of place attachment(Case study:Cultural iconic buildings of Iran’s contemporary architecture)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 37-56页

作者： Narmin Ariannia Negar Naseri mansour Yeganeh Digital Architecture and Artificial Intelligence Lab Department of ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Architectural Design Modeling and Fabrication LabDepartment of ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

The present research studies the relationship between place attachment and the perception of form’s visual quality in fifteen outstanding contemporary Iranian architectural cultural *** study puts forward the hypothesis that there is a correlation between the quality of building form and the sense of place attachment,in the sense that creating high visual quality through enhancing the quality of building form increases citizens’initial satisfaction with and subsequent attachment to the *** visual quality influences people’s experience of the environment and improves the quality of *** attachment highlights how people,on a personal level,recreate a sense of place for *** present study adopts the descriptive-analytical method as its theoretical framework and the survey as the empirical *** were developed using the Likert scale and distributed among experts and ordinary *** analysis using SPSS and the adoption of descriptive-analytical statistics,correlation analysis,and regression showed the relationship among the characteristics of *** results show a positive correlation between form and place attachment mediated through visual quality,and they are causal conditions for one *** addition,only some of the buildings under study evoke the same level of place attachment.

关键词： Visual preferences Environmental quality Environmental psychology Mental schemas Contemporary architecture

Facies development and sedimentology of the Middle Miocene carbonates of the Raghama Formation, northeastern Saudi Arabia

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 87-96页

作者： mansour H.Al-Hashim Abdelbaset S.El-Sorogy Meshal Wadani Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments. The present work aimed to document the facies development and sedimentology of the Raghama carbonates exposed along the eastern coastal plain of the Red Sea, northwestern Saudi Arabia. Four stratigraphic sections were measured and sampled(D1–D4) and thin sections and major and trace element analyses were prepared and applied for petrographic and geochemical approaches. The carbonates were subdivided into three successive fore-reef, reef-core, and back-reef depositional facies. Sandy stromatolitic boundstone, microbial laminites, dolomitic ooidal grainstone, bioclastic coralline algal wackestone, sandy bioclastic wackestone, and coral boundstones were the reported microfacies types. Petrographic analysis reveals that the studied carbonates were affected by dissolution, dolomitization, and aggrading recrystallization, which affects both the original micrite matrix and grains or acts as fracture and veinlet filling leading to widespread vuggy and moldic porosity. No evidence of physical compaction, suggesting rapid lithification and recrystallization during early diagenesis and prior to substantial burial and intensive flushing by meteoric waters. Most of the original microstructure of corals were leached and destructed. This is indicated by the higher depletion in Sr and Ca levels and increase in Mg,Na, Fe, and Mn levels, especially in section D1, in comparison with the worldwide carbonates.

关键词： Raghama Formation Miocene Diagenesis Geochemistry Saudi Arabia

急性心肌梗死合并室间隔穿孔临床结局与相关因素的研究

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急性心肌梗死合并室间隔穿孔临床结局与相关因素的研究

作者： ali mansour ali Nobah 郑州大学

学位级别：硕士

研究背景及目的室间隔穿孔(VSR)是急性心肌梗死(AMI)的致命性并发症。经有效的再灌注治疗(药物或介入治疗),VSR的发生率已大大降低。然而,接受PCI的新发AMI伴VSR患者的死亡率可高达80%,并且在过去几十年中无明显变化。在使用溶栓和PCI之... 详细信息

研究背景及目的室间隔穿孔(VSR)是急性心肌梗死(AMI)的致命性并发症。经有效的再灌注治疗(药物或介入治疗),VSR的发生率已大大降低。然而,接受PCI的新发AMI伴VSR患者的死亡率可高达80%,并且在过去几十年中无明显变化。在使用溶栓和PCI之前,AMI伴VSR的发生率高达1%-3%。再灌注治疗成为AMI治疗的最佳选择,VSR发生率下降至0.17%-0.31%。然而,尽管AMI和AMI伴VSR的快速诊断和治疗取得了很大进展,但VSR的死亡率在45%-80%,仍然非常高。SHOCK试验研究表明,VSR通常发生于AMI早期8-24小时内,并且未接受溶栓治疗的患者与接受溶栓治疗的患者两组间并无显著差异,这与GUSTO-I和APEXAMI结论相一致。然而,VSR可通过以下方式得到早期快速确诊,包括近期的超声心动图评估和由于再灌注损伤和纤维蛋白溶解导致的组织病理改变。尽管VSR的非外科手术治疗(如经导管闭合术)取得了改善和预期的结果,但外科手术修复仍然是治疗的主要手段。目前ACCF/AHA指南推荐无论血流动力学是否稳定,VSR患者均行急诊手术修复治疗。尽管临床医师认识到手术修复的必要性,但VSR的修复和围手术期治疗管理的时机仍存在争议。本研究旨在探讨室间隔穿孔的位置和大小的相关影响因素,特别是其与心力衰竭严重程度的关系。材料和方法研究设计和患者选择回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2012年1月-2018年12月就诊或转入的71例AMI并发VSR患者的临床资料。共有4名患者由外院转入,其中只有1名患者于当地医院得到VSR早期诊断。入选标准是急性心肌梗死患者,均行心脏导管检查术,有VSR证据或血流动力学异常,与室间隔穿孔(VSR)超声心动图证据相符。早期死亡的患者被排除在外,包括那些因紧急心脏导管检查术而未能存活的患者。AMI的诊断基于临床症状和血清肌钙蛋白-T(>0.1 mg/dL)的升高,有或没有心电图(ECG)证据胸导联ST段抬高>2 mm或肢体导联ST段抬高>1 mm。所有入选患者的临床特征、治疗(包括药物和手术)以及预后用图标的形式进行统计和分析。入院时的生命体征用于评估患者的临床血流动力学。心导管检查在急诊科诊断为急性心肌梗死后,所有患者均进行了急诊心导管检查术(HC)。所有患者均接受了冠状动脉造影,旨在早期开通罪犯血管。一些患者在超声心动图确诊之前也有左心室造影。基于狭窄程度定义冠状动脉疾病(CAD),无CAD被定义为小于或等于20%的狭窄,轻度狭窄的CAD包括至少1个或多个病变狭窄大于20%但小于70%,重度狭窄的CAD定义为任何大于70%的狭窄或左主干狭窄大于50%,分布涉及1,2或3个血管。超声心动图所有患者均接受超声心动图检查,通过经胸和(或)经食道方法确诊VSR,平均确诊时间为4小时36分钟(最长13小时51分钟)。VSR的诊断定义为室间隔穿孔,有彩色多普勒从左到右分流的证据。通过经胸超声心动图(TTE)识别VSR的位置。VSR位置分为室间隔心尖部,中部。通过Quinonez方法或双平面Simpson方法计算左心室射血分数(LVEF)。一般资料性别,年龄,吸烟史及基础疾病(高血压,糖尿病,既往脑血管意外和肾功能),临床前驱症状及心功能(前驱心绞痛、LVEF、Killip分级、NYHA分级),心肌梗死的位置,室间隔穿孔的部位和大小,以及心肌酶的峰值均通过图表形式呈现。前驱心绞痛定义为持续<30分钟且在AMI发作前24小时内发生的典型的发作性胸痛(在休息或活动时)。早期行PCI(AMI后6小时内)、主动脉内球囊反搏术(IABP),同时进行外科手术和手术时间也作为一般资料进行数据分析。结局基于临床特征和统计学特点,探讨预测VSR患者心力衰竭严重程度的指标。NYHA分级可用于描述心力衰竭的严重程度,心力衰竭的症状和运动耐力,并且可评估治疗的疗效。(见表1)。统计学方法计量资料以平均值±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用两独立样本WhitneyU检验,计数资料以率或百分比表示,组间比较采用卡方检验。P<0.05有统计学差异。研究结果共有71名患者在急性心肌梗死后并发VSR,平均年龄±标准差(SD)为(66.2±8.88)岁,男性(n=36,50.7%)和女性(n=35,49.3%)的(M:F)比例几乎相等(1.02:1)。合并糖尿病患者40例(56.3%),是心肌梗死后发生VSR的常见危险因素,其次合并高血压33例(46.5%)。26名患者(36.6%)接受透析。吸烟和脑血管意外病史分别为14例(19.7%)和7例(9.9%)。21例患者的HDL较低(29.6%),17例患者的LDL较高(23.9%);25例患者(35.2%)(n=19,26.8%)行IABP辅助支持治疗。诊断为AMI时的大多数患者为Killip Ⅲ级(n

关键词：室间隔穿孔心力衰竭前驱心绞痛

Bilateral Impalpable Testes: A Special Entity of Cryptorchidism

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Surgical Science 2012年第9期3卷 457-459页

作者： Tariq Abbas Ahmed Hayati mansour ali Hamad General Hospital Doha Qatar

Background: Cryptorchidism is one of the most common genitourinary disorders in young boys. About 1% - 2% of boys at age of 1 year have an undescended testis (UDT);this disorder is unilateral in about 90% of individuals and bilateral in about 10%. However, bilateral impalpable testes represent a special category that should be differentiated from anorchidism as well as male pseudohermaphroditism. We investigated whether bilateral impalpable testes with its inherent hormonal and genetic factors has different outcomes in terms of success of orchiopexies compared to unilateral impalpable testes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical findings, as well as immediate and 6 month outcomes, in patients diagnosed with bilateral impalpable undescended testes between 2006 and 2010. Findings were reported after a minimum of 6 months from the last surgical intervention. Results: Nine patients underwent laparoscopy for bilateral impalpable testes, 7 of whom had testes in the region of the internal inguinal ring. The success rate after laparoscopic exploration and open orchiopexy was 60% while the success rate with unilateral impalpable testes was 63.3% in the same study. Conclusion: Although laparoscopy is extremely useful in both the diagnosis and treatment of patients with bilateral impalpable testes, laparoscopy should be preceded by careful cytogenetic and hormonal workup for this particular group of patients. We found that the success rates of laparoscopic management of bilateral and unilateral impalpable testes were similar, as shown by testicular size clinically sassed during serial postoperative outpatient visits.

关键词： Bilateral Non-Palpable Testis Laparoscopic Intra-Abdominal Cryptorchidism

Endoscopic management of ingested foreign bodies in children: A retrospective review of cases, and review of the literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第4期3卷 428-435页

作者： Tariq O. Abbas Noora Al Shahwani mansour ali Department of Pediatric Surgery Hamad General Hospital Doha Qatar

Background: Foreign body (FB) ingestion by children is a common problem worldwide. Management may include endoscopic removal. This paper describes the clinical findings, sites and types of FBs, and outcomes in children who underwent endoscopic management of ingested FBs at our institution. The published literature regarding the management of FB ingestion in children is also reviewed. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients aged <14 years who underwent endoscopic management of gastrointestinal FBs between July 2002 and June 2012 (47 patients) and tracheobronchial FBs between December 2010 and June 2012 (17 patients) at our institution. Patient characteristics, clinical findings, sites and types of FBs, and outcomes were recorded. Results: The 47 patients with gastrointestinal FBs included 29 males and 18 females with a mean age of 3.5 years. The most common symptoms were difficulty with swallowing and vomiting in 16 patients (34%), chest pain in 10 (21%), and coughing and breathing difficulty in 7 (15%). The most common FB site was the esophagus (36 patients). Most gastrointestinal FBs were metallic, with coins being the most common. Endoscopic removal was successful in 43 patients. The 17 patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies included 9 males and 8 females with a mean age of 3.2 years. The most common symptoms were breathing difficulty in 12 patients (71%) and coughing in 3 (18%). The most common tracheobronchial FBs were nuts (10 patients). Bronchoscopic removal was successful in all 17 patients. Conclusions: Coins were the most common gastrointestinal FBs, and nuts were the most common tracheobronchial FBs. Clinical presentations were variable, and a high index of suspicion is necessary. Endoscopic removal is safe and effective, and early diagnosis and management result in favorable outcomes.

关键词： Foreign Body Ingestion Pediatric Endoscopy Coin Aspiration

Predictors of hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Basrah

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World Journal of Diabetes 2016年第18期7卷 470-480页

作者： Dhuha Tarik Nassar Omran S Habib Abbas ali mansour Basrah Health Directorate Basrah 61013Iraq Department of Epidemiology Basrah College of Medicine Basrah 61013 Iraq Al-Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center (FDEMC) Chair Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Division Department of Medicine Basrah College of Medicine Basrah 61013 Iraq

AIM To measure the incidence and determinants(predictors) of hypoglycemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) who were on insulin treatment for at least one year. METHODS The present study is an out-patients based inquiry about the risk and predictors of hypoglycemia among patients with T2DM seeking care at the Al-Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, in Basrah over a period of 7 mo(from 15^(th) of April, 2013 to 15^(th) of October, 2013). The data used in the study were based on all detailed interview and selected laboratory investigations. A total of 336 patients could be included in the *** The incidence of overall hypoglycemia among the studied patients was 75.3% within the last 3 mo preceding the interview. The incidence of hypoglycemia subtypes were 10.2% for severe hypoglycemia requiring medical assistance in the hospital, 44.36% for severe hypoglycemia treated at home by family; this includes both confirmed severe hypoglycemia with an incidence rate of 14.6% and unconfirmed severe hypoglycemia for which incidence rate was 29.76%. Regarding mild self-treated hypoglycemia, the incidence of confirmed mild hypoglycemia was 21.42%, for unconfirmed mildhypoglycemia the incidence rate was 50.0% and for total mild hypoglycemia, the incidence rate was 71.42%. The most important predictors of hypoglycemia were a peripheral residence, increasing knowledge of hypoglycemia symptoms, in availability and increasing frequency of self-monitoring blood glucose, the presence of peripheral neuropathy, higher diastolic blood pressure, and lower Hemoglobin *** Hypoglycemia is very common among insulin-treated patients with T2DM in Basrah. It was possible to identify some important predictors of hypoglycemia.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Insulin Hypoglycemia Out-patient Type 2

Appendicular Neuroendocrine Tumors in Children

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Surgical Science 2014年第6期5卷 246-251页

作者： Parkash Mandhan Falah ali Hasan Ismail mansour J. ali Madiha Emran Soofi Department of Anatomical Pathology Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Pediatric Surgery Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar

Appendicular Neuroendocrine Tumors (ANETs) in pediatric age group are infrequent. Though children may present like symptoms of acute appendicitis, these tumors are incidentally picked up during routine histological examination of resected appendix. We report our experience with ANETs in children from a tertiary care hospital in Arabian Peninsula. During 6-year period, there were 700 appendectomies performed in children (≤14 years) and we collected only 3 cases of ANETs diagnosed from histological examination of resected appendix. Appendectomy alone has been sufficient in all cases and they are disease free at follow-up till 3 years after surgery. We have reviewed the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of these cases. With no typical clinical picture, ANET is usually an incidental finding hence we propose that the review of the histology of resected appendix is mandatory to identify the prevalence of ANETs in pediatric population. For most patients, appendectomy is the appropriate treatment and the outcome is excellent after appendectomy.

关键词： Children Appendicitis Carcinoid Tumor Neuroendocrine Tumor Appendix