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Morphology and morphometry of two hybridizing buntings at their hybrid zone in northern Iran reveal intermediate and transgressive morphotypes

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 523-532页

作者： Ali Gholamhosseini mansour aliabadian Till Topfer Glenn-Peter Sætre Ornithology Research Laboratory Department of BiologySchool of ScienceShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change Zoological Research Museum Alexander KoenigCentre for Taxonomy and MorphologyBonnGermany Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloNorway

The closely related Black-headed Bunting(Emberiza melanocephala,a western Palearctic lineage)and Red-headed Bunting(Emberiza bruniceps,an eastern Palearctic lineage)hybridize and replace each other south of the Caspian *** parental species have distinct phenotypes and therefore morphology is useful for assessing hybridization in the contact *** the years of 1940 and 1977,quite a few hybrids were collected and studied *** then,the hybrid zone appears to have expanded westwards,but there has been a time gap in the collection of morphological *** we reanalyze bunting specimens morphologically and compare the historical data with recent *** and phenotypic traits from three time periods(1940,1977 and recent)were studied to assess phenotypic variation of hybrids,pattern of hybridization,and transgressive traits in the hybrid *** results show that most of the birds in the hybrid zone exhibit intermediate phenotypes(both colors and morphometric characters),ranging from the pure phenotype of either of the parental ***,hybridization has also produced novel phenotypes not seen in any of the *** a canonical discriminant function analysis,the morphometric characters separated each parental species and the hybrids quite *** results showed morphometric intermediacy of hybrids in accordance with *** observe a time trend in which recent hybrids are more similar to Red-headed Buntings phenotypically compared to historical *** pattern is likely a signature of a westward expansion of the Red-headed Bunting into the breeding range of the Black-headed Bunting.

关键词： Bunting Hybridization Intermediate phenotypes Transgressive traits

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Contact and hybrid zone hotspots and evolution of birds in the Middle East

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1114-1118页

作者： mansour aliabadian Mohammad Kaboli Bahram Kiabi Vincent Nijman Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics Zoological MuseumUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GT AmsterdamThe NetherlandsDepartment of BiologyFaculty of SciencesFeredowsi UniversityMashadIran Department of Fishery and Environment Faculty of Natural ResourcesTehran UniversityIran Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Shahid BeheshtiTehranIran Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics Zoological MuseumUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GT AmsterdamThe Netherlands

The Middle East is an important contact zone for a considerable number of bird taxa from the western and eastern Palearctic and from the great Saharo-Sindian desert *** WORLDMAP software,we analyzed the geographical distribution of secondary contact zones for parapatric species pairs of birds in the Middle *** identified 56 species(29 species pairs)that make contact in the Middle *** species pairs belong to three orders,***,Piciformes,and *** half(46%)of these species pairs hybridize in their contact *** contact zones occur over a large part of northern Middle East,spatially they were not evenly *** zone richness was highest in the mountain ranges south of the Caspian Sea and the *** hottest hotspots,where up to nine bird species pairs occur sympatrically,are situated in north-eastern Iran and *** discuss the relevance of these hotspots for improving our understanding of the biogeography and evolution of the avifauna in the Middle East.

关键词： contact zone hybridisation Middle East parapatry species-pairs zoogeography

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The rediscovery of Strix butleri(Hume,1878)in Oman and Iran,with molecular resolution of the identity of Strix omanensis Robb,van den Berg and Constantine,2013

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Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 85-94页

作者： Magnus S.Robb George Sangster mansour aliabadian Arnoud B.van den Berg Mark Constantine Martin Irestedt Ali Khani Seyed Babak Musavi Joao M.G.Nunes Maia Sarrouf Willson Alyn J.Walsh The Sound Approach Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural History Department of Zoology Stockholm University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad Research Department of Zoological Innovations Institute of Applied ZoologyFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad Khorasan-e Razavi Provincial Office of the Department of the Environment Khucheh Gochin Parque Ecológico do Funchal Environment Society of Oman Wildfowl Reserve

Background:Many species of owls(Strigidae) represent cryptic species and their taxonomic study is in *** recent years,two new species of owls of the genus Strix have been described from the Middle East by different research *** has been suggested that one of these species,***,is not a valid species but taxonomic compari?sons have been hampered by the lack of voucher specimens of ***,and the poor state of the holotype of ***:Here we use new DNA sequence data to clarify the taxonomy and nomenclature of the *** *** also report the capture of a single *** sensu stricto in Mashhad,***:A cytochrome b sequence of *** was found to be identical to that of the holotype of ***,indicating that the name *** is best regarded as a junior synonym of *** identity of the *** captured in Mashhad,Iran,was confirmed using DNA sequence *** represents a major(1300 km) range exten?sion of this ***:The population discovered in Oman in 2013 and originally named ‘***' actually represents the rediscovery of ***,which was known from a single specimen and had not been recorded since *** range of *** extends into northeast *** study augments the body of evidence for the recognition of *** and *** as separate species and highlights the importance of using multiple evidence to study cryptic owl species.

关键词： Molecular identification Nomenclature Phylogenetics Strigidae Strix Taxonomy

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Distinct element modelling of fracture plan control in continuum and jointed rock mass in presplitting method of surface mining

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2014年第6期24卷 871-881页

作者： Sharafisafa mansour aliabadian Zeinab Alizadeh Rezvan Mortazavi Ali Department of Mining Metallurgy and Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Department of Mining Engineering Sahand University of Technology

Controlled blasting techniques are used to control overbreak and to aid in the stability of the remaining rock formation. Presplitting is one of the most common methods which is used in many open pit mining and surface blast design. The purpose of presplitting is to form a fracture plane across which the radial cracks from the production blast cannot travel. The purpose of this study is to investigate of effect of presplitting on the generation of a smooth wall in continuum and jointed rock mass. The 2D distinct element code was used to simulate the presplitting in a rock slope. The blast load history as a function of time was applied to the inner wall of each blasthole. Important parameters that were considered in the analysis were stress tensor and fracturing pattern. The blast loading magnitude and blasthole spacing and jointing pattern were found to be very significant in the final results.

关键词： Controlled blasting Presplitting method Continuum and jointed rock mass Distinct element modelling

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Simulation of Dynamic Fracturing of Continuum Rock in Open Pit Mining

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Geomaterials 2013年第3期3卷 82-89页

作者： Zeinab aliabadian mansour Sharafisafa Mohammad Nazemi Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Newcastle Newcastle Australia

To investigate the dynamic fracture mechanism related to blast-induced borehole breakdown and crack propagation, 2D distinct element commercial code was used. The dynamic stresses, material status and velocity vectors are plotted and shown to evaluate rock mass failure under blast load. This paper focuses on the propagation and dynamic effects of blast waves in continuum rock masses. In order to investigate the effect of high strain rate loading on rock mass failure, a numerical simulation was conducted. The 2D distinct element code was used to model blast load effect on rock failure and stress distribution through the rock mass due to blast wave propagation. The blast loading history was simplified and applied to the blasthole walls. Accordingly, the interaction of explosive energy transferred to the rock mass from the blasthole pressure was examined as a function of time. A Mohr-Coulomb material model was used for host rock to allow for plastic failure calculations. The conducted numerical study describes the role of dynamic stresses in blasting in a qualitative manner. On the other hand, a free face boundary was considered as a common blast operation which is conducted in surface mining.

关键词： Numerical Modeling Blast Wave Fracture Propagation Surface Blast

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