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Recent Advances in Nano‑Enabled Seed Treatment Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture:Challenges,Risk Assessment,and Future Perspectives

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第4期15卷 153-189页

作者： Amruta Shelar Shivraj Hariram Nile Ajay Vikram Singh Dirk Rothenstein Joachim Bill Jianbo Xiao manohar.chaskar.guoyin kai Rajendra Patil Department of Technology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneMaharashtra 411007India Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health School of Pharmaceutical ScienceJinhua AcademyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment(BfR)Max‑Dohrn‑Strasse10589 BerlinGermany Institute for Materials Science University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013People’s Republic of China Faculty of Science and Technology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneMaharashtra 411007India Department of Biotechnology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneMaharashtra 411007India

Agro seeds are vulnerable to environmental stressors,adversely affecting seed vigor,crop growth,and crop *** agrochemical-based seed treatments enhance seed germination,but they can also cause damage to the environment;therefore,sustainable technologies such as nano-based agrochemicals are urgently *** can reduce the dose-dependent toxicity of seed treatment,thereby improving seed viability and ensuring the controlled release of nanoagrochemical active ingredients However,the applications of nanoagrochemicals to plants in the field raise concerns about nanomaterial safety,exposure levels,and toxicological implications to the environment and human *** the present comprehensive review,the development,scope,challenges,and risk assessments of nanoagrochemicals on seed treatment are ***,the implementation obstacles for nanoagrochemicals use in seed treatments,their commercialization potential,and the need for policy regulations to assess possible risks are also *** on our knowledge,this is the first time that we have presented legendary literature to readers in order to help them gain a deeper understanding of upcoming nanotechnologies that may enable the development of future generation seed treatment agrochemical formulations,their scope,and potential risks associated with seed treatment.

关键词： Agro seeds Environmental seed stressors Nanoagrochemicals Toxicological implications Risk regulations

基于改进YOLOv7-tiny算法的浙贝母切片角度识别

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第11期30卷 183-191页

作者：乐星辰杜伟锋路胜利开国银浙江科技大学生物与化学工程学院杭州310023 浙江中医药大学药学院浙江省药食植物活性成分与健康国际科技合作基地浙江省中药资源创新与转化中医药重点实验室杭州310053

目的:基于改进的YOLOv7-tiny算法实现浙贝母切片角度的自动识别。方法:通过数据增广构建16000张包含不同角度浙贝母的图像数据集。对YOLOv7-tiny算法进行改进,将普通卷积替换为鬼影卷积(GhostConv),优选添加坐标注意力机制(CA),将部分... 详细信息

目的:基于改进的YOLOv7-tiny算法实现浙贝母切片角度的自动识别。方法:通过数据增广构建16000张包含不同角度浙贝母的图像数据集。对YOLOv7-tiny算法进行改进,将普通卷积替换为鬼影卷积(GhostConv),优选添加坐标注意力机制(CA),将部分激活函数替换为计算量更小的HardSwish函数,在损失函数中添加角度识别误差的惩罚项,并针对同一目标有多个识别结果的现象修改非极大值抑制(NMS)策略。为验证不同改进点对算法模型优化的有效性,对所有的改进点进行消融实验,通过对比在原模型或增加了已验证有效性的改进点的模型基础上增加某改进点前后的预测结果,以评价指标的改善,证明该改进点的有效性。结果:改进的浙贝母切片角度识别算法所需参数量约为原算法的55.4%,计算量约为原算法的59.4%,交并比(IoU)为0.5时的平均精度均值(mAP@0.5)上升了12.2%,识别角度的平均绝对误差(MAE)为5.02°,较原始算法降低了4.58°,在本研究实验环境中,单张图片平均识别时间可达8.7 ms,远快于人类平均反应时间。结论:该研究使用改进YOLOv7-tiny算法实现了浙贝母切片角度的识别,且较原模型更轻量,识别准确度更高,为稳定、准确的浙贝母切片自动化提供了新方法,同时为其他中药的自动化炮制提供了一定的参考。

关键词：浙贝母炮制自动化智能制造切片工艺注意力机制深度卷积网络目标检测模型轻量化

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丹参SmJRB2基因的克隆与功能鉴定

浙江农林大学学报 2024年第4期41卷 706-714页

作者：金鑫李珅郑子桢周伟廖望仪开国银浙江农林大学省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室浙江杭州311300 浙江中医药大学药学院浙江杭州311402 浙江物产长乐创龄生物科技有限公司浙江杭州311123

【目的】丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza是治疗心脑血管疾病的常用中药材。解析丹参药效物质合成代谢的分子调控机制能为丹参优质新品种的选育提供科学依据。【方法】基于比较转录组挖掘获得响应甲基茉莉酸(MeJA)诱导的转录因子SmJRB2。采用... 详细信息

【目的】丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza是治疗心脑血管疾病的常用中药材。解析丹参药效物质合成代谢的分子调控机制能为丹参优质新品种的选育提供科学依据。【方法】基于比较转录组挖掘获得响应甲基茉莉酸(MeJA)诱导的转录因子SmJRB2。采用同源克隆技术克隆获得该基因的编码序列,并进行生物信息学分析。采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)分析SmJRB2基因的组织表达和MeJA诱导表达特征;基于农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens介导的丹参遗传转化技术对SmJRB2基因的功能进行鉴定。【结果】SmJRB2共编码501个氨基酸,属于bHLH转录因子家族的MYC类转录因子。SmJRB2基因在丹参叶片和主根中的表达量最高。SmJRB2基因强烈响应MeJA的诱导,诱导4.0 h时表达量最高。超表达SmJRB2促进丹参酮的积累,抑制表达SmJRB2基因则降低丹参酮的合成。【结论】SmJRB2是丹参酮代谢合成的正向调节因子。

关键词：丹参 SmJRB2 克隆表达特征功能鉴定

Tough,conductive hydrogels with double-network based on hydrophilic polymer assistant well-dispersed carbon nanotube for innovative force sensor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 1160-1168页

作者： CHEN guoyin GUO Ying HSIAO S.Benjamin HOU kai ZHU MeiFang State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China Department of Chemistry Stony Brook UniversityNew York11794USA

In recent years,conductive hydrogels have become a promising candidate for application in fields such as tissue engineering and flexible electronic devices because of their conductivity,soft and wet ***,the preparation of tough and uniformly conductive hydrogels remains challenging because conductive nanofillers tend to aggregate during hydrogel ***,a hydrophilic polymer assistant dispersion strategy is proposed to fabricate a tough,conductive composite hydrogel with doublenetwork based on well-dispersed carbon nanotubes(CNTs).In particular,A@T_(2.0)/polyacrylamide(PAM)hydrogels showed a tensile strength of 332.9 kPa,elongation of 584.6%,Young’s modulus of 91.5 kPa,and conductivity of 2.765 S m^(-1),and a demonstration was performed to show the strain sensing for health monitoring and *** showed that the fabricated conductive hydrogels offer promising and broad insights in the field of wearable sensors for health monitoring,innovative electronics,and human-machine interactions.

关键词： alginate carbon nanotubes conductive hydrogel tough force sensing

儿童肝移植术后早期血流感染的危险因素及对预后的影响

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中华小儿外科杂志 2024年第3期45卷 208-216页

作者：邹国寅董冲孙超王凯张威魏新哲王若凡兰翔宇高伟天津医科大学一中心临床学院天津300070 天津市第一中心医院器官移植中心儿童器官移植科天津300192

目的探讨儿童肝移植受者术后早期(3个月内)血流感染的患病率和致病菌分布情况,并分析血流感染(blood stream infection,BSI)和由多重耐药菌(multi-drug resistant organism,MDRO)引起的BSI的高危因素和预后。方法收集并分析2016年8月至2... 详细信息

目的探讨儿童肝移植受者术后早期(3个月内)血流感染的患病率和致病菌分布情况,并分析血流感染(blood stream infection,BSI)和由多重耐药菌(multi-drug resistant organism,MDRO)引起的BSI的高危因素和预后。方法收集并分析2016年8月至2020年12月在天津市第一中心医院器官移植中心儿童器官移植科进行肝移植的872例患儿的临床资料,根据手术后早期BSI的发生情况以及病原菌是否为MDRO将患儿分为3组:非BSI组(765例)、非MDRO BSI组(73例)和MDRO BSI组(34例)。采用单变量分析和多元logistic回归分析,确定术后早期BSI的独立危险因素,比较各组患儿生存率和术后并发症发生率。结果872例患儿中,共有107例(12.3%,107/872)在术后3个月内分离出207株病原菌。207株病原菌中有25种不同的病原体,其中肺炎克雷伯杆菌(30.9%,64/207)、屎肠球菌(23.7%,49/207)占比较高。共有34例患儿中分离出MDRO 76株(36.7%,76/207),其中以耐碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌(56株)为主。术前1个月内抗生素暴露、手术时长、重症监护病房停留时间、术后再次手术、术后低磷血症和低镁血症是术后早期BSI发生的独立危险因素。术前1个月抗生素暴露、腹腔引流时间、术后低磷血症和再移植是术后早期MDRO引起BSI的独立危险因素。与非BSI组相比,另外两组的术后并发症发生率明显更高,包括肝动脉血栓、胆道狭窄、巨细胞病毒感染和肺感染。与非MDRO BSI组和非BSI组相比,MDRO BSI患儿的1年和3年生存率显著降低(76.5%比94.5%和95.8%,P<0.001;73.5%比94.5%和95.4%,P<0.001)。结论儿童肝移植术后早期BSI的发生率仍然很高,MDRO BSI的占比较大且预后不佳。移植术后早期MDRO BSI的独立危险因素包括术前1个月内抗生素暴露、腹腔引流时间、术后低磷血症和再移植,预防儿童肝移植术后早期MDRO BSI有助于改善预后。

关键词：肝移植儿科学血流感染预后危险因素

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番红花的化学成分及其药理作用研究进展

植物生理学报 2024年第1期60卷 20-34页

作者：郑优优陈莹许琦伟朱炫虹杨博涵邱镇开国银冯岳浙江中医药大学药学院杭州310053

番红花(Crocus sativus)为鸢尾科番红花属多年生药用植物,其化学成分主要包括萜类、酚酸类、黄酮类、生物碱类与多糖类等。其中,萜类化合物中的西红花苷、西红花酸、苦藏花素及藏红花醛是其主要药效物质。药理学实验证实番红花具有多种... 详细信息

番红花(Crocus sativus)为鸢尾科番红花属多年生药用植物,其化学成分主要包括萜类、酚酸类、黄酮类、生物碱类与多糖类等。其中,萜类化合物中的西红花苷、西红花酸、苦藏花素及藏红花醛是其主要药效物质。药理学实验证实番红花具有多种药理作用,如抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎症、免疫调节、抗抑郁症及抗糖尿病等。结合国内外相关文献,本文对番红花的化学成分及其药理作用的研究进展进行综述,以期为番红花的深入研究提供参考依据。

关键词：番红花化学成分药理作用抗肿瘤抗氧化

SmMYB2 promotes salvianolic acid biosynthesis in the medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第11期62卷 1688-1702页

作者： Changping Deng Yao Wang Fenfen Huang Sunjie Lu Limei Zhao Xingyuan Ma guoyin kai Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology College of PharmacyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering School of BiotechnologyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Institute of Plant Biotechnology School of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

MYB transcription factors play vital roles in plant growth and *** phytohormone methyl jasmonate(MeJA)promotes phenolic acid accumulation in the medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza,but the regulatory mechanism is poorly ***,we identified the MeJA-responsive R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene 5mMYB2 from a transcriptome library produced from MeJAtreated ***'/horr/ifza hairy ***/VIYB2 expression was tightly correlated with the expression of key salvianolic acid biosynthetic genes including CYP^8Ai^.5mMYB2 was highly expressed in the periderm of *** and SmMYB2 localized to the *** Sml\AYB2 in *** hairy roots significantly increased the levels of salvianolic acids(including rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B)by upregulating salvianolic acid biosynthetic genes such as ***2 binds to the MYB-binding motifs in the promoter of CYP98A14,as confirmed by a dual-luciferase assay and electrophoretic mobility shift *** contents were significantly higher in Sm/ViyB2-overexpressing hairy root lines than the control,primarily due to the increased expression of CHI,DFR,and *** findings reveal the novel regulatory role of SmMYB2 in MeJA-mediated phenolic acid biosynthesis,providing a useful target gene for metabolic engineering and shedding light on the salvianolic acid regulatory network.

关键词： roots phenolic expressing

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微生物菌剂在药用植物病害防治中的应用进展

浙江农业科学 2024年第5期65卷 1236-1241页

作者：郑子桢李秀娟周伟时敏开国银浙江中医药大学药学院浙江杭州311400

药用植物栽培过程中病害频发,大量且持续使用化学农药和化肥,会对植物本体和环境造成严重危害,对中药材的产量和质量造成直接的负面影响,农药残留超标等问题成为制约中药材产业健康发展的瓶颈。微生物菌剂具有防治药用植物病害,促进生... 详细信息

药用植物栽培过程中病害频发,大量且持续使用化学农药和化肥,会对植物本体和环境造成严重危害,对中药材的产量和质量造成直接的负面影响,农药残留超标等问题成为制约中药材产业健康发展的瓶颈。微生物菌剂具有防治药用植物病害,促进生长和改善土壤生态等多种功效,高效环保,已成为药用植物病害防治领域的热点研究方向。文章综述了微生物菌剂在药用植物病害防治中的研究和应用进展,并对其进一步发展进行展望,以期为微生物菌剂在药用植物栽培和病害防治中的应用提供参考。

关键词：药用植物栽培病害防治微生物菌剂

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Temperature‑Gated Light‑Guiding Hydrogel Fiber for Thermoregulation During Optogenetic Neuromodulation

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第3期5卷 968-978页

作者： guoyin Chen Siming Xu Qiangqiang Zhou Yuejiao Zhang Yuhan Song Jing Mi Yuehua Liu kai Hou Jie Pan Department of Orthodontics Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of StomatologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200001China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua University2999 North Renmin RoadShanghai 201620China

With the rise of optogenetic manipulation of neurons,the effects of optogenetic heating on temperature-sensitive physi-ological processes,and the damage to surrounding tissues have been *** manuscript reports the fabrication of a highly temperature-sensitive semi-interpenetrating optical hydrogel fiber(TSOHF)using the integrated dynamic wet-spinning *** exhibits a structural tunable diameter,clear core/sheath structure,tunable temperature-sensitivity,excellent light propagation property(0.35 dB cm^(-1),650 nm laser light),and good biocompatibility(including tissue-like Young’s modulus,stable dimensional stability,and low cytotoxicity).Based on these properties,a potential application of optogenetic regulation of neural tissue(hypoglossal nerve),with controllable temperature using TSOHF was designed and ***,this work provides new insight into molecular design and a practical approach to continually manufacture a temperature-sensitive hydrogel optical fiber for applications in intelligent photomedicine.

关键词： Temperature-sensitive Light-guiding Fiber Thermoregulation Optogenetic