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Modified intratympanic steroid therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss via tympanic tube and gelfoam as a salvage treatment

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 19-23页

作者： Sichao Liang Yunshuo Li Zhenping Guo manlin lu Xin Li Jia Xu Wenjing Chen Juanjuan Gao Haijin Yi Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing102218China

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) is a prevalent emergency in ear, nose, and throat practice. Previous studies have demonstrated that intratympanic steroid therapy(IST) can serve as a salvage treatment for SSNHL after the failure of systemic steroid therapy(SST).Objective: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of modified IST involving the insertion of a tympanic tube and gelfoam as a salvage treatment for patients with SSNHL, and to explore its associated ***: Totally, 74 patients who were aged 22–81 years with SSNHL were enrolled and allocated to either the control group(n = 25) or the treatment group(n = 49) based on their treatment modalities. All patients received SST lasting for at least 7 days. Subsequently, patients in the treatment group, after SST failure, underwent IST twice a week for 2–6 weeks, while the control group did not. Efficacy was assessed by the improvement in pure tone average at the affected frequency at the beginning and end of ***: Hearing improvement in all patients after IST in the treatment group was 9.71 ± 14.84 dB, with significant improvement at affected frequencies(250-8000 Hz) compared with the control group(P 0.05).Conclusion: The modified IST was demonstrated to be a safe and effective method as a salvage treatment for SSNHL. This study explored the efficacy of a modified IST approach, incorporating the utilization of tympanic tubes and gelfoam as key components. The findings underscore the advantages of gelfoam as a strategic drug carrier placed in the round window niche. By minimizing drug loss, extending action time, and increasing perilymph concentration, gelfoam enhances the therapeutic impact of IST, contributing to improved hearing outcomes in pat

关键词： Modified intratympanic steroid therapy Sudden sensorineural hearing loss Gelfoam Tympanic tube

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High-efficiency prediction method for helicopter global/ground noise based on near-field acoustic holography

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 271-284页

作者： Mengxue SHAO Yang lu Xice XU Jiaxin lu National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Noise reduction program design is an effective approach that relies on efficient noise prediction for reducing ground noise during *** existing noise prediction methods have the limitations of being computationally expensive or only applicable to *** this paper,a High-Efficiency Prediction Method(HEPM)for helicopter global/ground noise based on near-field acoustic holography is *** HEPM can predict the global noise based on acoustic modal analysis and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy and low time *** process is given as follows:firstly,the rotor noise on the holographic surface in the specified flight is obtained by simulations or ***,the global noise model,which maps time-domain noise to acoustic modes,is established based on near-field acoustic holography and Fourier acoustic analysis ***,combined with acoustic modal amplitude,the model established enables efficiently predicting the global/ground noise in the corresponding flight *** verify the accuracy of the prediction method,a simulation study is conducted in hovering and forward flight states using a model helicopter with a 2-meter rotor and Rotor Body Interaction(ROBIN)*** comparison of HEPM with numerical results shows that the average prediction errors of the global and ground noise are less than 0.3 dB and 0.2 dB,*** a region containing 100000 observers,the computation time of the HEPM is only one-fifth of that of the acoustic hemisphere method,demonstrating the rapidity of the proposed method.

关键词： Helicopter Rotor noise prediction Noise abatement procedure design Acoustic modal analysis Near-field acoustic holography

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Optical grade (Gd_(0.95-x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) ceramics with near-zero optical loss: Effects of lu^(3+) doping on structural feature, microstructure evolution, and far-red luminescence

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 113-123页

作者： Zhigang Sun Ji-Guang Li Huiyu Qian Yoshio Sakka Tohru SSuzuki Bin lu School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceIbaraki 305-0044Japan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province Ningbo 315211China

A chemical co-precipitation strategy was employed to synthesize a series of(Gd_(0.95−x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(x=0.1−0.95)powder phosphors,followed by vacuum sintering to achieve transparent garnet ceramic *** density functional theory indicated lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) was formed in priority compared with Gd_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) during solid-phase *** high-temperature sintering,the lu^(3+)substitution for Gd^(3+)suppressed point mass diffusion leading to a smaller grain *** in-line transmittances of bulk specimens with x=0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,and 0.95 nm were~83.5%,80.1%,68.8%,73.7%,and 82.2%at 710 nm(Eu^(3+)emission center),respectively,among which the sample of x=0.1 exhibited the optical grade with near-zero optical loss in agreement with the defect-free single crystal(~100%of the theoretical transmittance).The resulting particle and ceramic materials both presented characteristic Eu^(3+)emission arising from 5D0→7FJ(J=1−4)transition,where the dominant far-red emission at~710 nm arising from ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4) transition overlapped with the absorption of phytochrome(PFR).The photoluminescence excitation and photoluminescence intensities of(Gd_(0.95−x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) powders and ceramics generally increased at a higher Gd^(3+)/lu^(3+)***^(3+)dopants delayed the fluorescence lifetime while the bulk samples had shorter lifetime compared to the particle *** transparent(Gd_(0.85)lu_(0.1)Eu_(0.05))3Al_(5)O_(12) ceramic phosphor exhibited good thermal stability with a high thermal quenching temperature above 533 *** designed ceramic phosphor-converted light-emitting diode had a saturation injection current of 435 mA and a current-dependent color rendering *** importantly,our report marked the developmental stage of transparent ceramic materials towards zero optical loss.

关键词： transparent ceramics garnet phosphors light-emitting diode(LED) optical properties Gibbs free energy

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Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： Bin Wang Yuan lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical *** the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense *** progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and ***,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single *** order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new *** this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular *** particular,collective behavior is divided into two *** is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional *** other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale *** discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and ***,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

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Soil inorganic amendments produce safe rice by reducing the transfer of Cd and increasing key amino acids in brown rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 121-132页

作者： Fanyi Kong Shenggao lu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The digestibility of cadmium(Cd)in brown rice is directly related to amino acid metabolism in rice and human *** our field study,three kinds of alkaline calcium-rich soil inorganic amendments(SIAs)at three dosages were applied to produce safe rice and improve the quality of rice in Cd-contaminated *** the increased application of SIA,Cd content in iron plaque on rice root significantly increased,the transfer of Cd from rice root to grain significantly decreased,and then Cd content in brown rice decreased *** vitro digestibility of Cd in brown rice was estimated by a physiologically based extraction *** showed that more than 70%of Cd in brown rice could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal *** on the total and digestible Cd contents in brown rice to evaluate the health risk,the application of 2.25 ton SIA/ha could produce safe rice in acidic slightly Cd-contaminated paddy *** amino acids(AAs)in brown rice were determined by high-performance liquid *** contents of 5 key AAs(KAAs)that actively respond to environmental changes increased significantly with the increased application of *** structural equation model indicated that KAAs could be affected by the Cd translocation capacity from rice root to grain,and consequently altered the ratio of indigestible Cd in brown *** formation of indigestible KAAs-Cd complexes by combining KAAs(phenylalanine,leucine,histidine,glutamine,and asparagine)with Cd in brown rice could be considered a potential mechanism for reducing the digestibility of Cd.

关键词： Cadmium digestibility Soil inorganic amendments Safe rice Amino acid Priming effect Health risk

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Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 87-89页

作者： Wenlian lu the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence of Fudan University

The free-energy principle entails the Bayesian brain hypothesis that can be implemented by many schemes considered in this field. The combination of multimodal brain imaging and free-energy minimization has shown promise in unraveling complex brain dynamics and understanding the interactions among distinct brain regions. The Bayesian mechanics of brain computing gives a unique route to understanding authentic(neuromimetic) intelligence and, more importantly, points towards the development of brain-inspired intelligence.

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On the Monge–Kantorovich Mass Transfer Problem in Higher Dimensions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第8期40卷 1989-2004页

作者： Xiao Jun lu School of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096P.R.China

This paper mainly investigates the approximation of a global maximizer of the Monge–Kantorovich mass transfer problem in higher dimensions through the approach of nonlinear partial differential equations with Dirichlet *** an approximation mechanism,the primal maximization problem can be transformed into a sequence of minimization *** applying the systematic canonical duality theory,one is able to derive a sequence of analytic solutions for the minimization *** the final analysis,the convergence of the sequence to an analytical global maximizer of the primal Monge–Kantorovich problem will be demonstrated.

关键词： Monge-Kantorovich mass transfer singular variational problem canonical duality theory

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A solution method for decomposing vector fields in Hamilton energy

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 645-653页

作者： Xin Zhao Ming Yi Zhou-Chao Wei Yuan Zhu lu-lu lu School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Hamilton energy,which reflects the energy variation of systems,is one of the crucial instruments used to analyze the characteristics of dynamical *** we propose a method to deduce Hamilton energy based on the existing *** derivation process consists of three steps:step 1,decomposing the vector field;step 2,solving the Hamilton energy function;and step 3,verifying *** order to easily choose an appropriate decomposition method,we propose a classification criterion based on the form of system state variables,i.e.,type-I vector fields that can be directly decomposed and type-II vector fields decomposed via exterior ***,exterior differentiation is used to represent the curl of low-high dimension vector fields in the process of ***,we exemplify the Hamilton energy function of six classical systems and analyze the relationship between Hamilton energy and dynamic *** solution provides a new approach for deducing the Hamilton energy function,especially in high-dimensional systems.

关键词： Hamilton energy dynamical systems vector field exterior differentiation

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Progress of vegetation modelling and future research prospects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2718-2738页

作者： Siqi LI Xu ZHANG Zhengyao lu Jian NI Jianhua lu State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China British Antarctic Survey Cambridge CB30ETUnited Kingdom Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China

Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of the Earth system,and its changes not only represent one of the most distinct aspects of climate change but also exert significant feedback within the climate system by exchanging energy,moisture,and carbon *** quantitatively and mechanistically study climate-vegetation feedback,numerical vegetation models have been developed on the theory of ecophysiological constraints on plant functional *** models eventually can simulate vegetation distribution and succession across different spatial and temporal scales,and associated terrestrial carbon cycle processes by categorizing vegetation into biomes according different plant functional types and their associated environmental *** we review the developing history of vegetation models and provide recent advances and future *** 21st century,static vegetation models,as developed statistical models,can only simulate equilibrated characteristics of vegetation *** last several decades,Dynamic Global Vegetation Models(DGVMs)have been developed to simulate instantaneous responses of vegetation to climate change and associated dynamics,and can be coupled with Earth system models to investigate interactions among atmosphere,ocean,and *** are also widely applied to investigate the dynamics accounting for changes in the geographic distribution patterns of land surface vegetation at different spatial and temporal scales and to assess the impacts of terrestrial carbon and water fluxes and land use *** suggest that future vegetation modeling could integrate with machine learning,and explore vegetation transient response and feedback as well as impacts of process hierarchies and human activities on climate and ecosystem.

关键词： Vegetation models DGVMs Ecosystems Plant functional types Plant functional traits

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Designing highly transparent cerium doped Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics with high mechanical and thermal properties for UV-shielding in extreme conditions

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1032-1042页

作者： Cong Zhang Jianqi Qi Xiaolan Zhou Zhonghua lu Tiecheng lu College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics of Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China

Ultraviolet(UV)radiation poses risks to both human health and *** response to the urgent demand for UV-shielding across various applications,extensive endeavors have been dedicated to developing UV-shielding materials spanning from wide-bandgap semiconductors to organo-inorganic composite ***,existing UV shielding materials,though suitable for daily use,cannot meet the demands of extreme *** this work,we incorporated CeO_(2)as a UV absorber into Y_(2)O_(3)transparent ceramics for *** effect of CeO_(2)concentration on the optical,mechanical,and thermal properties of Y_(2)O_(3)ceramics was systematically *** findings indicate that CeO_(2)serves not only as a UV absorber but also as an effective sintering aid for Y_(2)O_(3)transparent *** 5 at%Ce-doped Y_(2)O_(3)transparent ceramics exhibit the optimal optical quality,with in-line transmittance of~77%at 800 *** introduction of Ce shifted the UV cutoff edge of Y_(2)O_(3)transparent ceramics from 250 to 375 nm,which was attributed to the visible band absorption of Ce^(4+).This shift grants UV shielding capabilities to Y_(2)O_(3)transparent ceramics,resulting in 100%shielding for ultraviolet C(UVC,100-280 nm)and ultraviolet B(UVB,280-320 nm)and~95%shielding for ultraviolet A(UVA,320-400 nm).The service stability(optical properties)under various corrosive conditions(acid,alkali,UV irradiation,and high temperature)was investigated,confirming the excellent stability of this transparent ceramic UV-shielding material.A comparison of the performance parameters of transparent ceramics with those of traditional UV shielding materials such as glasses,films,and coatings was *** work provides innovative design concepts and an effective solution for UVshielding materials for extreme conditions.

关键词： ultraviolet(UV)-shielding transparent ceramics bandgap engineering thermal properties optical properties

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