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Robust N−k Security-constrained Optimal Power Flow Incorporating Preventive and Corrective Generation Dispatch to Improve Power System Reliability

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 351-364页

作者： Liping Huang Chun sing.Lai Zhuoli Zhao Guangya Yang Bang Zhong Loi Lei Lai School of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006Chinaand also with the Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringBrunel University LondonLondonUB83PHUK Center for Electric Power System and Energy Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Demark Zhaoqing Power Supply Bureau Guangdong Power Grid CompanyChina Southern Power GridZhaoqing 526020China

As extreme weather events have become more frequent in recent years,improving the resilience and reliability of power systems has become an important area of *** this paper,a robust preventive-corrective security-constrained optimal power flow(RO-PCSCOPF)model is proposed to improve power system reliability under N−k *** the short-term emergency limit(STL)and the long-term operating limit(LTL)of the post-contingency power flow on the branch are *** with the existing robust corrective SCOPF model that only considers STL or LTL,the proposed ROPCSCOPF model can achieve a more reliable generation dispatch *** addition,this paper also summarizes and compares the solution methods for solving the N−k SCOPF *** computational efficiency of the classical Benders decomposition(BD)method,robust optimization(RO)method,and line outage distribution factor(LODF)method are investigated on the IEEE 24-bus Reliability Test System and 118-bus *** results show that the BD method has the worst computation *** RO method and the LODF method have comparable ***,the LODF method can only be used for the preventive SCOPF and not for the corrective *** RO method can be used for both.

关键词： Benders cut bender decomposition line outage distribution factor N−k security criterion optimal power flow power system reliability resilience robust optimization

Pushing the limits of existing plasma focus towards 1016 fusion neutrons with Q=0.01

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第11期24卷 47-53页

作者： sing.LEE Institute for Plasma Focus Studies 32 Oakpark DriveChadstone VIC3148Australia Physics Department University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia INTI International University Nilai 71800Malaysia Fuse Energy Technologies Napierville QC J0J 1L0Canada

Existing conventional megajoule plasma focus machines with 2–3 MA are producing fusion neutron yields of several times 10^(11) in deuterium operation,the fusion yields predominantly being the beam-gas *** the current to 10 MA and using.50%–50%D-T mixture will scale the neutron yield towards 10^(16) D-T fusion *** this work,we derive the Lawson criterion for plasma focus devices with a beam-target fusion neutron mechanism,so that we may glimpse what future technological advancements are needed for a break-even Q=1 plasma *** perform numerical experiments with a present-day feasible 0.9 MV,8.1 MJ,11 MA machine operating in 100 Torr in 50%–50%D-T *** Lee Code simulation gives a detailed description of the plasma focus dynamics through each phase,and provides plasma and yield parameters which show that out of 1.1×10^(19) fast beam ions produced in the plasma focus pinch,only 1.24×10^(14) ions take part in beam-target fusion reactions within the pinch,producing the same number of D-T *** remnant beam ions,numbering at least 10^(19),exit the focus pinch at 1.9 MeV,which is far above the 115 keV ion energy necessary for an optimum beam-target *** propose to regain the lost fusion rates by using.a high-pressure D-T-filled drift-tube to attenuate the energy of the remnant beam ions until they reach the energy for the optimum fusion *** a fusion enhancement tube would further harvest beam-target fusion reactions by increasing.the interaction path length(1 m)at increased interaction density(6 atm).A gain factor of 300 is conservatively estimated,with a final yield of 3.7×10^(16) D-T neutrons carrying kinetic energy of 83.6 kJ,demonstrating Q=0.01.

关键词： plasma focus simulation neutron enhancement fusion harvester plasma focus

Lack of evidence of active lytic replication of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第7期 84-89页

作者： Lau Chak sing. Yuen Yung, Chan Hung and Wong Raymond Woon sing

Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial disease. Environmental factors such as viral infection(s) have been proposed as pathaetiological factors. There are particular interests in studying lymphotropic viruses such as the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Although previous case reports and in vitro studies suggested that they may have a role, there is no direct evidence that onset of SLE or disease exacerbation is associated with active infection by these viruses. Using.the very sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, we tried to find out evidence of active replication of these viruses in patients with SLE. Methods Thirty-four patients with SLE were compared with matched normal controls. Eleven patients were newly diagnosed to have SLE and 18 of the 34 patients had active disease as determined by a SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score of ≥10 at the time of study. Results Our results showed no evidence of active replication or reactivation of EBV in the leucocytes amongst the newly diagnosed SLE patients, established SLE patients, patients with SLEDAI ≥10, patients with SLEDAI <10, and control subjects. There was no evidence of CMV infection in any of the subjects studied. The IgG and IgA responses against EBV early antigen (EA) and viral capsid antigen (VCA) were also studied. The IgG and IgA responses against VCA of EBV were increased in patients with SLE when compared with controls. However, there were no differences in these responses among different subgroups of patients. The mechanism of these responses was not apparent but may represent non-specific hyperimmune responses in these patients. There were no differences in the titre of IgG and IgA against EBV EA between the patient groups and *** There is no direct evidence that either EBV or CMV plays a direct role in the onset and/or exacerbation of SLE.

关键词： Lack of evidence of active lytic replication of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites as Antibacterial Agents:A Bio-inspired Approach

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第1期30卷 45-52页

作者： Edreese Alsharaeh Sarah Alazzam Faheem Ahmed Nishat Arshi Mohammed Al-Hindawi Garwin Kim sing College of Science & General Studies Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In this paper, silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） and AgNPs/reduced graphene oxide （RGO） nanocomposites were prepared using.lemon juice under microwave irradiation （MWI） and UV light irradiation. AgNPs with face-centered cubic structure RGO peaks were observed by X-ray diffraction. The UV-Vis spectrum showed modifications in the absorption peaks of the AgNPs with the concentration of the precursor solution and irradiation time, and the optimized condition was obtained for 20 min MWI and 60 s of UV light. Raman analysis confirmed the presence of RGO as D and G bands in the spectrum. Transmission electron microscopy analyses confirmed that the AgNPs of size ranging from 3 to 8 nm were anchored onto the RGO sheets. The antibacterial properties of the AgNPs/RGO nanocomposites were investigated using.gram-negative bacteria. The results revealed that AgNPs/RGO nanocomposites consisting of approximately 5 wt% AgNPs can achieve antibacterial performance similar to that of neat AgNPS. This method can be useful for the applications of AgNPs-based nanocomposites, where minute amount of silver will be utilized.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) Nanocomposites Reduced graphene oxide Antibacterial

Parity Relation Based Fault Estimation for Nonlinear Systems: An LMI Approach

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第2期4卷 164-168页

作者： sing.Kiong Nguang Ping Zhang Steven X. Ding The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering the University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand AKS Faculty of Engineering University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany

This paper proposes a parity relation based fault estimation for a class of nonlinear systems which can be modelled by Takagi-Sugeno （TS） fuzzy models. The design of a parity relation based residual generator is formulated in terms of a family of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.

关键词： Fuzzy systems nonlinear systems fault identification fault detection fault diagnosis.

Polymorphisms of uridine-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase 1A7 gene in Taiwan Chinese

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第6期11卷 797-802页

作者： May-Jen Huang Sien-sing.Yang Min-Shung Lin Ching-Shan Huang Department of Laboratory Medicine Department of Liver Unit Department of Family Medicine School of Medicine and Health Sciences

AIM: sing.e nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of uridinediphosphoglucuro -nosyltransferase 1A7 (UGT1A7) gene are associated with the development of orolaryngeal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. We performed this research to establish the techniques for determining UGT1A7 gene and basic data of this gene for Taiwan Chinese. METHODS: We collected blood samples from 112 healthy adults and 505 subjects carrying different genotypes of UGT1A1, and determined the promoter area and the entire sequence of UGT1A7 exon 1 by polymerase chain reaction. We designed appropriate primers and restriction enzymes to detect variant UGT1A7 genotypes found in the study subjects. RESULTS: Six SNPs at nucleotides 33, 387, 391, 392, 622, and 756 within the coding region of UGT1A7 exon 1 were found. The incidence of UGT1A7*l/*2 (N129R131W208/ K129K131W208) was predominant (35.7%) while that of UGT1A7 *3/*3 (K129K131R208/K129K131R208) was the least (2.7%). The allele frequency of UGT1A7*3, which exists in a considerable proportion of Caucasians (0.361) and Japanese (0.255), was identified only to be 0.152 in our study subjects. A novel variation at nucleotide -57 in the upstream was found, which was associated with SNPs at nucleotides 33, 387, 391, 392, and 622 in one of the variant haplotypes. The nucleotide changes at positions 387, 391, 392 and 756 were in linkage in another variant haplotype. The allele frequency of UGT1A7*3 was 0.018, 0.158, 0.242, 0.433, and 0.920 in subjects carrying wild, A(TA)6TAA/A(TA)7TAA, A(TA)7TAA/A(TA)7TAA, 211G/211A, and 211A/211A variants of UGT1A1 gene, respectively. By using.natural or mutagenesis primers, we successfully detected the variations at nucleotides -57, 33, 387, and 622 with the restriction enzymes HpyCH4 Ⅳ, TaqⅠ, AflⅡ, and Rsa Ⅰ, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the allele frequencies of UGT1A7 gene in Taiwan Chinese are different from those in Caucasians and Japanese. Carriage of the nucleotide 211- vari

关键词： UGT1A7 gene sing.e nudeotide polymorphisms Genotype Taiwan Chinese

Erastin-induced ferroptosis is a regulator forthe growth and function of humanpancreatic islet-like cell clusters

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Cell Regeneration 2020年第1期9卷 171-179页

作者： Xing Yu Li Po sing.Leung School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Ferroptosis is a newly identified and novel form of cell death, which is characterized by an iron- and reactiveoxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner. Potential utility of ferroptotic cell death has been recently proposed forcancer treatment. Meanwhile, ROS generation and apoptosis are inherently consequent to cell apoptosis anddysfunction during islet cell preparation and transplantation. Whether ferroptosis induction is a regulator for cellviability and function in human pancreatic islet-cell clusters (ICCs) derived from pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs)remains elusive. We thus sought to induce ferroptosis in our established cell culture system of human PPCs/ICCs,examine the effects of ferroptosis on ICCs, and explore the potential regulatory pathways involved. Our resultsshowed that ICCs were prone to the use of ferroptosis-inducing and inhibiting agents under our culture ***, a ferroptosis inducer, was found to trigger ferroptosis in ICCs, without the apparent detection of other typesof cell death involved, such as apoptosis and autophagy. In corroboration, the use of ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), was found to enhance the cell viability of ICCs and prevent them from ferroptosis as well asimprove its function. Mechanistically, the erastin-induced ferroptosis in ICCs was probably mediated via activation ofJNK/P38/MAPK pathways and upregulation of NOX4 expression. Together, our findings may provide a scientificbasis of ferroptosis inhibition as a potential for the amelioration of ICC survival and functionality during islettransplantation in diabetic patients.

关键词： Apoptosis Autophagy Cell death Erastin Ferrostatin-1 Islets NOX4 p38

Testability Estimation of Framework Based Applications

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2012年第11期5卷 841-849页

作者： Noopur Goel manjari Gupta Department of Computer Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India.

Quality of software systems is highly demanded in today’s scenario. Highly testable system enhances the reliability also. More than 50% of test effort-time and cost are used to produce a highly testable system. Thus, design-for-testability is needed to reduce the test effort. In order to enhance the quality, productivity and reduced cost of the software organizations are promoting to produce the reuse-oriented products. Incorporating reuse technology in both aspects-software development process and test process may payoff many folds. Keeping this view, our study focus the testability of the object-oriented framework based software systems and identify that flexibility at the variable points of the object-oriented framework, chosen for framework instantiation, greatly affects the testability of object-oriented framework based software at each level of testing. In the current paper, we propose a testability model considering the flexible aspect of the variable point to estimate testability in the early phase, requirement analysis phase, of development process of the framework based software. The proposed model helps to improve the testability of the software before the implementation starts thus reducing the overall development cost.

关键词： Reuse-Technology Variation-Points Object-Oriented Framework Based Software Basic Test Cases Framework Interface Classes Other Application Classes

Synthesis and properties of poly(1-phenyl-1-octyne)s containing stereogenic and chromophoric pendant groups

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第10期52卷 1691-1702页

作者： LAM Jacky W.Y. JIM Cathy K.W. KWOK Hoi sing Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Center for Display Research The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology

Poly(1-phenyl-1-octyne)s containing different stereogenic and chromophoric pendants {-[(C6H13)C= C(C6H4-p-CO2-R)] n -R = [(1S)-endo]-(?)-borneyl (P3), (1R,2S,5R)-(?)-menthyl (P4), -C6H4-p-(1R,2S,5R)-(?)-menthyl (P5), 2-napthyl (P6), 4-biphenylyl (P7)} have been designed and synthesized. The polymers are prepared in moderate yields by WCl6-Ph4Sn and possess high molecular weights (M w up to 64000). The structures and properties of the polymers are characterized and evaluated by NMR, TGA, UV, CD, PL, and EL analyses. All the polymers are thermally stable and their temperatures for 5% weight loss locate in the range of 300 to 416°C under nitrogen. The energy band gaps of all the polymers are ～3.0 eV. Polymers P4 and P5 show CD absorptions associated with the helicity of the polymer segments. Excitation of the THF solutions of P3–P7 by UV irradiation gives strong blue lights of ～485 nm with quantum yields higher than 20%. The thin films of the polymers also emit in the same spectral region, indicative of little aggregation-caused quenching of light emission. Multilayer EL devices with a configuration of ITO/Polymer:PVK/BCP/Alq3/LiF/Al are constructed, which emit blue lights of ～487 nm. The maximum luminance and external quantum efficiency vary with the pendant groups, with P6 exhibiting the highest external quantum efficiency of 0.16%. The spectra stability of the EL devices is outstanding and the EL peak maximum experiences little change with the applied voltage.

关键词： chiral photoluminescence polyacetylene electroluminescence helicity