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On selection and scaling of ground motions for analysis of seismically isolated structures

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2016年第4期15卷 633-648页

作者： Deepak R. Pant manika maharjan Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 1A4 Canada Atkins Limited The Wells Church Street Epsom KT17 4PE United Kingdom

A broader consensus on the number of ground motions to be used and the method of scaling to be adopted for nonlinear response history analysis （RHA） of structures is yet to be reached. Therefore, in this study, the effects of selection and scaling of ground motions on the response of seismically isolated structures, which are routinely designed using nonlinear RHA, are investigated. For this purpose, isolation systems with a range of properties subjected to bidirectional excitation are considered. Benchmark response of the isolation systems is established using large sets of unscaled ground motions systematically categorized into pulse-like, non-pulse-like, and mixed set of motions. Different subsets of seven to 14 ground motions are selected from these large sets using （a） random selection and （b） selection based on the best match of the shape of the response spectrum of ground motions to the target spectrum. Consequences of weighted scaling （also commonly referred to as amplitude scaling or linear scaling） as well as spectral matching are investigated. The ground motion selection and scaling procedures are evaluated from the viewpoint of their accuracy, efficiency, and consistency in predicting the benchmark response. It is confirmed that seven time histories are sufficient for a reliable prediction of isolation system displacement demands, for all ground motion subsets, selection and scaling procedures, and isolation systems considered. If ground motions are selected based on their best match to the shape of the target response spectrum （which should be preferred over randomly selected motions）, weighted scaling should be used if pulse-like motions are considered, either of weighted scaling or spectral matching can be used if non-pulse-like motions are considered, and an average of responses from weighted-scaled and spectrum-matched ground motions should be used for a mixed set of motions. On the other hand, the importance of randomly selected motions in represen

关键词： bidirectional excitation seismic isolation selection and scaling spectral matching weighted scaling

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Inferring the Effects of Protein Variants on Protein-Protein Interactions with Interpretable Transformer Representations

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 473-489页

作者： Zhe Liu Wei Qian Wenxiang Cai Weichen Song Weidi Wang Dhruba Tara maharjan Wenhong Cheng Jue Chen Han Wang Dong Xu Guan Ning Lin Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders ShanghaiChina School of Information Science and Technology Institute of Computational BiologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Christopher S.Bond Life Sciences Center University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Identifying pathogenetic variants and inferring their impact on protein-protein interactions sheds light on their functional consequences on *** by the availability of experimental data on the consequences of protein interaction,most existing methods focus on building models to predict changes in protein binding ***,we introduced MIPPI,an end-to-end,interpretable transformer-based deep learning model that learns features directly from sequences by leveraging the interaction data from *** was specifically trained to determine the types of variant impact(increasing,decreasing,disrupting,and no effect)on protein-protein *** demonstrate the accuracy of MIPPI and provide interpretation through the analysis of learned attention weights,which exhibit correlations with the amino acids interacting with the ***,we showed the practicality of MIPPI in prioritizing de novo mutations associated with complex neurodevelopmental disorders and the potential to determine the pathogenic and driving ***,we experimentally validated the functional impact of several variants identified in patients with such ***,MIPPI emerges as a versatile,robust,and interpretable model,capable of effectively predicting mutation impacts on protein-protein interactions and facilitating the discovery of clinically actionable variants.

关键词： consequences weights versatile

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 75-87页

作者： Maria Papaioannou Evdoxia Vagiana Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas Maria Sileli Katerina manika Alexandros Tsantos Nikolaos Kapravelos 1^(st)Intensive Care Unit G Papanikolaou General HospitalExohiThessaloniki 57010Greece 2^(nd)Intensive Care Unit G Papanikolaou General HospitalExohiThessaloniki 57010Greece Intensive Care Unit Hippokration General HospitalThessaloniki 54642Greece Department of Pulmonary Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiG.Papanikolaou General HospitalExohiThessaloniki 57010Greece 2^(nd)Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Thessaloniki“Ippokration”Thessaloniki 54642Greece

BACKGROUND Tracheostomy is commonly used in intensive care unit(ICU)patients who are expected to be on long-term mechanical ventilation or suffer from emergency upper airway ***,some studies have conflicting findings regarding the optimal technique and its timing and *** To provide evidence of practice,characteristics,and outcome concerning tracheostomy in an ICU of a tertiary care *** This was a retrospective cohort study including adult critical care patients in a single ICU for two consecutive ***’demographic characteristics,severity of illness(APACHE II score),level of consciousness[Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)],comorbidities,timing and type of tracheostomy procedure performed and outcome were *** defined late as tracheostomy placement after 8 days or no *** Data of 660 patients were analyzed(median age of 60 years),median APACHE II score of 19 and median GCS score of 12 at *** was performed in 115 patients,of whom 63 had early and 52 late *** tracheostomy was mainly executed in case of altered level of consciousness and severe critical illness polyneuromyopathy,however there were no significant statistical results(47.6%vs 36.5%,P=0.23)and(23.8%vs 19.2%,P=0.55)*** the method selected,early surgical tracheostomy(ST)was conducted in patients with maxillofacial injuries(50.0%vs 0.0%,P=0.033),whereas late surgical tracheostomy was selected for patients with goiter(44.4%vs 0.0%P=0.033).Patients with early tracheostomy spent significantly fewer days on mechanical ventilation(15.3±8.5 vs 22.8±9.6,P<0.001)and in ICU in general(18.8±9.1 vs 25.4±11.5,P<0.001).Percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy(PDT)vs ST was preferable in older critical care patients in the case of Central Nervous System underlying cause of admission(62.5%vs 26.3%,P=0.004).ST was the method of choice in compromised airway(31.6%,vs 7.3%P=0.008).A large proportion of patients(88/115)with t

关键词： Tracheostomy Early tracheostomy Late tracheostomy Percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy Surgical tracheostomy Weaning Survival Mechanical ventilation

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Determinants of Household Food Security in Nepal:A Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第3期8卷 403-413页

作者： Keshav Lall maharjan Niraj Prakash JOSHI Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation (IDEC) Hiroshima University

The study reveals that 10.2% of the sampled households in Nepal suffer from chronic food insecurity,i.e.,neither are they able to produce sufficient food from their farms nor earn the food security threshold income for deficit *** the highest and the lowest exponential value of coefficient obtained from binary logistic regression model,it is concluded that any program targeting occupational caste and small landholding farm category or landless will contribute significantly to reduce *** provision of employment opportunities for economically active age group,thus,reducing dependency ratio from 1.2 (economically active population) to 0.7 (economically active age group) can also contribute significantly to reduce food *** positive coefficient of family size squared shows the increase in the probability of being foodinsecure with the increase in family *** addition,an increase in irrigation availability can contribute significantly to reduce food insecurity.A significant proportion of male-headed households and households residing in Tarai are *** justifies the need to target female-headed households and households residing in Mountain and Hill in any program aimed at resolving food insecurity.A negative and significant association of household's participation in community organizations and food insecurity fortifies the need for inclusion of vulnerable groups such as occupational caste,female-headed households,households with illiterate heads,small landholding farm category or landless,and households residing in Mountain and Hill (including some target communities in Tarai) in community ***,making these communities a target of food security programs can help significantly to reduce the incidence of food insecurity.

关键词： Food security Nepal Household Resource ownership Occupational caste

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Energy storage and harvesting in BaTiO_(3)/epoxy nanodielectrics

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High Voltage 2016年第4期1卷 151-157页

作者： Georgia C.manika Georgios C.Psarras Department of Materials Science University of Patras26504PatrasGreece

Composite nanodielectrics consisted of an epoxy resin and barium titanate nanoparticles were developed and *** measurements were performed via broadband dielectric *** results reveal the presence of three relaxation processes,which are attributed to(a)glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix(α-mode),(b)re-arrangement of polar side groups(β-mode)and(c)interfacial polarisation between system’s *** ability of the examined nanodielectrics to store and harvest energy was also examined in dc *** dc voltage varied in the range of 10–240 *** data indicate that increasing the applied dc field results to higher values of the stored and harvested *** energy efficiency was also investigated in all *** filler content enhances the coefficient of energy efficiency(neff)up to 58.2%for the 7 phr BaTiO_(3)nanocomposite at 200 V and 10 s charging/discharging time.

关键词： spectroscopy. rubber arrangement

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Unravelling the linkages of cryosphere and mountain livelihood systems:A case study of Langtang,Nepal

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第1期12卷 119-131页

作者： Sabamee TULADHAR Binaya PASAKHALA Amina maharjan Arabinda MISHRA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) Kathmandu44703Nepal

Globally,mountains are often characterized as fragile and hazardous terrains,with vast areas covered by the *** livelihoods of communities in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region are closely linked with the *** over the past few decades,communities in the region have experienced multiple changes,including those driven by climat e change,with direct and immediate impacts on their lives and *** this study,we explore linkages between the cryosphere and high-mountain livelihoods using a social-ecological system *** examines how the complex social-ecological system in villages in Langtang Valley,Nepal,has evolved in response to both cryospheric and socioeconomic *** local communities perceive gradual but significant changes in the cryospheric system,such as receding and thinning glaciers,changing snowfall patterns,changes in temperature and precipitation patterns,and a growing incidence of cryosphere-related hazards,such as avalanches and *** in the Langtang Valley are also facing a number of socioeconomic changes,resulting in changing aspirations,particularly among the *** growing disconnection between society and the surrounding cryosphere,with direct impacts on the transfer and growth of local knowledge systems,are *** simultaneous changes in the cryosphere and the socioeconomic domain have also resulted in a homogenization of livelihood sources,with tourism emerging as the dominant source of *** has resulted in a dependence of the local population on food imported from outside the valley.A growing dependence on tourism for livelihoods,dependence on imports for food and other basic needs,and the lack of a risk reduction strategy might pose great risks for local lives and livelihoods in the long *** pertaining to diversifying livelihoods,harmonizing social capital,and hazard risk assessment are essential for strengthening linkages between cryosphere and the socioe

关键词： Cryosphere-livelihood linkages Social-ecological systems Climate change High-mountain communities Hindu Kush Himalaya Langtang Valley

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Integration of PV and Battery Storage for Catenary Voltage Regulation and Stray Current Mitigation in MVDC Railways

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第3期9卷 585-594页

作者： Salman Aatif Xiaowei Yang Hai Hu Santa Kumar maharjan Zhengyou He the School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina the Department of Electrical Engineering(Bannu Campus) University of Engineering&Technology(UET)PeshawarPakistan

Innovative advancement in power electronics is reshaping the conventional high-voltage transmission systems and has also opened a new paradigm for researchers to consider its benefits in the railway electrification system(RES).In this regard,the medium-voltage direct current RES(MVDC-RES)is a key area of interest *** this paper,a secondary energy source(SES)consisting of renewable energies(REs)and energy storage systems(ESSs)is proposed to solve the issues of catenary voltage regulation,rail potential,and stray current in the *** of the major integration topologies of the SES are analyzed for MVDC-RES and the most effective one is proposed and *** voltage at the point of connection(PoC)of the SES is used as a reference for controlling different operation modes of REs and ***,feedforward control is used at the ESS converter to attain the quick response from the batteries for the desired *** proposed scheme improves the catenary voltage,and reduces the rail potential and stray ***,the scheme provides higher energy density and reduces line *** results are provided to validate the operation modes and advantages of the proposed scheme.

关键词： Medium-voltage direct current(MVDC)railway railway electrification system(RES) catenary voltage regulation stray current photovoltaic(PV) energy storage

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Bioprinting of Small-Diameter Blood Vessels

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Engineering 2021年第6期7卷 832-844页

作者： Xia Cao Sushila maharjan Ramla Ashfaq Jane Shin Yu Shrike Zhang Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02139USA

There has been an increasing demand for bioengineered blood vessels for utilization in both regenerative medicine and drug ***,the availability of a true bioengineered vascular graft remains ***-dimensional(3D)bioprinting presents a potential approach for fabricating blood vessels or vascularized tissue constructs of various architectures and sizes for transplantation and *** this review,we summarize the basic biology of different blood vessels,as well as 3D bioprinting approaches and bioink designs that have been applied to fabricate vascular and vascularized tissue constructs,with a focus on small-diameter blood vessels.

关键词： Bioprinting Small-diameter blood vessel Bioink Vascular engineering

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The Role of China and India Plus Cooperation in Economic Development of Nepal

The Role of China and India Plus Cooperation in Economic Dev...

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作者： Sabita maharjan 四川大学

学位级别：硕士

Nepal is sandwiched between two enormously strong economic and political powers,China and *** and India are not only neighbors but partners and friends *** are competing for global influence,yet they share common perspectives on their historical orientation,developmental stages,and growth *** is a fundamental change taking place in Nepal's immediate neighborhood in terms of an increase in capability of India and *** economic rise of both the countries will have influence over the entire South ***,both the countries will continue to implement the consensus on the internal and global issues to realize the win-win cooperation in order to establish harmony and stability in the *** has a long historical,political,cultural and economic cooperation in respect to these two ***'s economy is suffering from a dearth of infrastructural investments and a low level of industrialization due to its status as a land-locked *** common tendency is to look at such an increase as a contest between the two countries for influence in South Asia where Nepal has the selection to closely align itself with either of the giants.A secure and prosperous Nepal will help China and India maintain a healthy ***,China and India can have prosperous relations for the reason of their geographic proximity,religion,lifestyle,commerce,investing,and transportation,touristy and other comparable *** paper talks about the possibility of cooperation between these countries in the region where the rise of India and China will help Nepal's economic *** main purpose of this research is to examine the role of China plus India cooperation in the economic development of Nepal and the challenges Nepal faces under this cooperation while making developed *** paper tries to find out how this cooperation can make changes in the economic development of Nepal or how this cooperation can make into existence and vice versa.

关键词： China India Nepal Plus Cooperation Economy Development

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Effect of Operation Parameters on Grain Morphology of Inconel 718 Superalloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

Effect of Operation Parameters on Grain Morphology of Incone...

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作者： maharjan MANISHA 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

激光增材制造已经广泛应用于制造和修复复杂几何形状复杂的高品质零部件。这项技术已经在商业上应用于修复磨损或者腐蚀的涡轮叶片。由于激光熔覆成型部件的机械性能取决于微观组织,而微观组织很大程度上受工艺参数的影响,在进行任何修... 详细信息

激光增材制造已经广泛应用于制造和修复复杂几何形状复杂的高品质零部件。这项技术已经在商业上应用于修复磨损或者腐蚀的涡轮叶片。由于激光熔覆成型部件的机械性能取决于微观组织,而微观组织很大程度上受工艺参数的影响,在进行任何修复工作之前,有必要对微观组织和工艺参数之间的关系进行研究。在此背景下,研究了工艺参数,即激光功率和激光扫描速度对激光增材制造718镍基合金的组织形貌的影响。这项研究采用了两种方法。首先,对不同工艺参数下沉积的样品在光学显微镜下的微观组织形貌进行了研究,以了解不同工艺参数下组织生长形态。光学显微镜图像显示,在中等激光功率和中等扫描速度下,激光沉积的区域大部分为等轴树状晶。实验发现,600-650 W的激光功率和6mm/s的扫描速度,有利于形成等轴晶。其次,利用在工艺参数600W激光功率和6mm/s的扫描速度下的熔池温度场的模拟结果得到的局部凝固状态,并采用柱状晶向等轴晶的转换标准(KCET)预测718镍基合金的晶体类型。模拟的结果和实验结果一致。其次,利用高曼的改进模型,计算出了适用于718镍基合金的凝固过程中柱状晶向等轴晶转换的临界值。采用(KGT)枝晶生长模型来比较柱状晶的一次枝晶臂间距(PDAS)。从光学显微镜图像测量的一次枝晶间距比理论值要低。研究了热处理和硼化处理对激光沉积样品硬度的影响。

关键词：工艺参数微观组织形貌激光沉积光学显微镜镍基合金柱状晶 equiaxed dendrite 枝晶间距枝晶生长

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