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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 366-370页

作者： Samarika Dahal Gopal Kumar Chaudhary mani raj maharjan Eugen Dolma Walung Department of Oral Pathology&Forensic Dentistry Maharajgunj Medical CampusInstitute of MedicineKathmanduNepal Department of Forensic Medicine Maharajgunj Medical CampusInstitute of MedicineKathmanduNepal

This article describes the forensic odontological analysis of the events of the 2015 Nepal earthquake.It identifies the problems encountered in the aftermath,lessons learned,and prospective future advances aimed at reducing the subjectivity in disaster victim identification(DVI).During a crisis,dental practitioners,particularly forensic odontologists,can make a substantial contribution to DVI,as highlighted in this article.It also promotes best practices in forensic dentistry that may be used by anyone in situations with few resources or people to deal with comparable scenarios.

关键词： Forensic sciences earthquake forensic dentistry identification Nepal

Erratum to:Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2449-2450页

作者： Finu SHRESTHA GAO Xiao Narendra raj KHANAL Sudan Bikash maharjan rajendra Bahadur SHRESTHA WU Li-zong Pradeep Kumar MOOL Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) 44600 KathmanduNepal Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute(CAREERI) CASLanzhou 730000China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University44600 KirtipurNepal Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200135China

The article Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images,written by Finu SHRESTHA,GAO Xiao,Narendra raj KHANAL,Sudan Bikash maharjan,rajendra Bahadur SHRESTHA,WU Li-zong,Pradeep Kumar MOOL and Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA,was originally erroneously published electronicaliy on the publisher's internet portal(currently SpringerLink)on 04 October 2017 without open access.

关键词： glacial basin images

Combined fracture dislocation of the navicular bone along with cuboid, cuneiform and longitudinal split fracture of the lateral malleolus： a rare combination of fractures

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2014年第6期17卷 358-360页

作者： Kapil mani Khatri Chhetri Parimal Acharya Dirgha raj Rokaya Chhetri Department of Orthopedics Civil Service Hospital Kathmandu Nepal

船形的骨头，长方体的破裂，楔形文字，和侧面的踝的纵的裂口骨折的破裂脱臼是破裂的稀罕联合。这是高速度损害破裂并且能被脚的强迫的脚底的屈曲和倒置在影响的时候引起到地面上。这里，我们在被开的减小和固定为侧面的踝与三分之一个... 详细信息

船形的骨头，长方体的破裂，楔形文字，和侧面的踝的纵的裂口骨折的破裂脱臼是破裂的稀罕联合。这是高速度损害破裂并且能被脚的强迫的脚底的屈曲和倒置在影响的时候引起到地面上。这里，我们在被开的减小和固定为侧面的踝与三分之一个管状的盘子为船形的骨头，和二个 interfragmentary 螺丝钉与一个部分线程的螺丝钉和二 K 电线对待的一个 35 岁的男病人报导了如此的一个案例。K 电线被移开 6 ；在外科以后的星期由部分重量适用列在后面。在 6 以后；月，病人能最小的疼痛地通常走并且脚胀大。

关键词：长方体骨折分割文字楔形损伤断裂内固定螺丝

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Interaction study between Ocimum sanctum and Glimepiride(sulfonylurea derivative) in diabetic rats

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第3期24卷 156-163页

作者： Mohd Fasih Ahmad raj K.Keservani D J mani Babu Department of Pharmacology V. L. College of Pharmacy School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya

The present study was intended to discover the interaction between Ocimum sanctum(O. sanctum) and Glimepiride, a sulfonylurea derivative used in the treatment of type-2 diabetes, in diabetic rats to suggest an alteration in the dose of Glimepiride in case of hypoglycaemia. LD50 studies for the aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf were carried out in albino mice up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg. O. sanctum at low, medium and high doses(100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, per oral), respectively and Glimepiride ?(half) therapeutic dose, therapeutic dose and 2 time therapeutic dose(0.036, 0.072 and 0.144 mg/200 g, per oral) were selected. After the treatment with O. sanctum and Glimepiride as single doses and in various combinations of these two drugs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats serum glucose levels in all the groups were analysed by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method. When administered alone as single doses both aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride produced a significant anti-diabetic effect in diabetic rats. The anti-diabetic effect observed with combination of aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride was significant and more when compared to either of the drugs given alone. There was a definite interaction that necessitates dose readjustment of Glimepiride and further glucose levels are to be frequently monitored to avoid complication of hypoglycemic condition with aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride combination.

关键词： Herb-drug interaction Ocimum sanctum Glimepiride Type-2 diabetes

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Pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated by flexible intramedullary nailing

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中华创伤杂志(英文版) 2015年第5期18卷 284-287页

作者： mani K.C. Kapil raj R.C. Dirgha Parimal Acharya Department of Orthopaedics Civil Service Hospital Kathmandu Nepal

Background:Nowadays pediatric femoral fractures are more commonly managed with operative treatment rather than conservative treatment because of more rapid recovery and avoidance of prolonged immobilization. Children between the ages of 5-13 years are treated either by traction plus hip spica and flexible/elastic stable retrograde intramedullary nail, or external fixators in the case of open fractures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated by stainless steel flexible intramedullary nail in children between 5 and 13 years of age.Methods:There were 32 cases of femoral shaft fractures which were all fixed with stainless steel flexible intramedullary nail under fluoroscopy. Long leg cast was applied at the time of fixation. Partial weight bearing was started 2 weeks after surgery. Patients were evaluated in follow-up study to observe the alignment of fracture, infection, delayed union, nonunion, limb length discrepancy, motion of knee joint, and time to unite the fracture.Results:We were able to follow up 28 out of 32 patients. The patients were 8.14 years of age on average. The mean hospital stay after operation was 4 days and fracture union time was 9.57 weeks. There were 3 cases of varus angulation, 2 cases of anterior angulation, and 4 cases of limb lengthening.Conclusion:Patients aged between 5 and 13 years treated with flexible intramedullary nail for closed femoral shaft fracture have rapid union and recovery, short rehabilitation period, less immobilization and psychological impact, and cost-effective.

关键词： Flexible intramedullary nail Femoral shaft fracture Fracture union Stainless steel

Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin, central Himalaya, from 1977 to 2010, derived from Landsat satellite images

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第10期14卷 1969-1984页

作者： Finu SHRESTHA GAO Xiao Narendra raj KHANAL Sudan Bikash maharjan rajendra Bahadur SHRESTHA WU Li-zong Pradeep Kumar MOOL Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) 44600 Kathmandu Nepal Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CAREERI) CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University 44600 Kirtipur Nepal Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200135 China

Changes in glacial lakes and the consequences of these changes, particularly on the development of water resources and management of glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF) risk, has become one of the challenges in the sustainable development of high mountain areas in the context of global warming. This paper presents the findings of a study on the distribution of, and area changes in, glacial lakes in the Koshi basin in the central Himalayas.Data on the number of glacial lakes and their area was generated for the years 1977, 1990, 2000, and 2010 using Landsat satellite images. According to the glacial lake inventory in 2010, there were a total of 2168 glacial lakes with a total area of 127.61 km^2 and average size of 0.06 km^2 in the Koshi basin. Of these,47% were moraine dammed lakes, 34.8% bedrock dammed lakes and 17.7% ice dammed lakes. The number of glacial lakes increased consistently over the study period from 1160 in 1977 to 2168 in 2010, an overall growth rate of 86.9%. The area of glacial lakes also increased from 94.44 km^2 in 1977 to 127.61 km^2 in 2010, a growth rate of 35.1%. A large number of glacial lakes in the inventory are small in size(≤ 0.1km^2). End moraine dammed lakes with area greater than 0.1 km^2 were selected to analyze the change characteristics of glacial lakes in the basin. The results show that, in 2010, there were 129 lakes greater than 0.1 km^2 in area; these lakes had a total area of 42.92km^2 in 1997, increasing to 63.28 km^2 in 2010. The distribution of lakes on the north side of the Himalayas(in China) was three times higher than on the south side of the Himalayas(in Nepal).Comparing the mean growth rate in area for the 33 year study period(1977-2010), the growth rate on the north side was found to be a little slower than that on the south side. A total of 42 glacial lakes with an area greater than 0.2 km^2 are rapidly growing between 1977 and 2010 in the Koshi basin, which need to be paid more attention to monitoring in the future and to identify how critical they are in terms of

关键词：喜马拉雅山冰川湖河流域年代际变化卫星图像 satellite central Landsat

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Role of Media in Provoking Cigarette Smoking among Adolescents in Urban Nepal

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Health 2015年第1期7卷 98-105页

作者： Sushma Dahal Sabeena maharjan raj Kumar Subedi Juna maharjan Department of Public Health Central Institute of Science and Technology (CIST College) Kathmandu Nepal Department of Social Science Tribhuwan University Kathmandu Nepal Lumanti Support Group for Shelter Kathmandu Nepal

At current era of globalization, media is the double edged sword that is important both for health education as well as the stimulation of unhealthy behaviour. In Nepal, though there is ban on most forms of advertising, it is not clear about placement of tobacco advertisement in TV, films and other forms of media. Studies about cigarette smoking and its association with media are inadequate in Nepal. The objective of this study was to explore the role of media in cigarette smoking habit of adolescents in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 adolescent students by using questionnaire method in 3 randomly selected colleges of Kathmandu district, Nepal. Data were analysed by using bivariate and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Statistically significant relationship at 95% CI was found between cigarette smoking status and media related variables like: seeing cigarette advertisement, reading fashion magazine, attending musical program sponsored by cigarette companies, watching movies in cinema hall, liking heavy metal/hard rock music, television watching time and desire to smoke if favourite artist smokes. Multinomial logistic regression showed that those with high receptivity to cigarette advertisement were likely to be current smokers (OR = 71.416, CI: 8.796 - 579.823) and ever smokers (OR = 9.582, CI: 2.201 - 41.714) compared to never smokers. About 79% of respondents agreed that media teaches different ways of smoking to its audiences. Different forms of media including cinema, music, magazines, television, games and music sponsorship are found to be important predictors for smoking status of college students in urban Nepal. Thus smoking prevention activities should consider role of media in smoking provocation among adolescents.

关键词： Adolescents Cigarette Advertisement Media Provocation Smoking

Pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated by flexible intrameduUary nailing

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2015年第5期18卷 284-287页

作者： K.C. Kapil mani R.C. Dirgha raj Acharya Parimal Department of Orthopaedics Civil Service Hospital Kathmandu Nepal

Background:Nowadays pediatric femoral fractures are more commonly managed with operative treatment rather than conservative treatment because of more rapid recovery and avoidance of prolonged immobilization.Children between the ages of 5-13 years are treated either by traction plus hip spica and flexible/elastic stable retrograde intramedullary nail,or external fixators in the case of open fractures.The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated by stainless steel flexible intramedullary nail in children between 5 and 13 years of age.Methods:There were 32 cases of femoral shaft fractures which were all fixed with stainless steel flexible intramedullary nail under fluoroscopy.Long leg cast was applied at the time of fixation.Partial weight bearing was started 2 weeks after surgery.Patients were evaluated in follow-up study to observe the alignment of fracture,infection,delayed union,nonunion,limb length discrepancy,motion of knee joint,and time to unite the fracture.Results:We were able to follow up 28 out of 32 patients.The patients were 8.14 years of age on average.The mean hospital stay after operation was 4 days and fracture union time was 9.57 weeks.There were 3 cases of varus angulation,2 cases of anterior angulation,and 4 cases of limb lengthening.Conclusion:Patients aged between 5 and 13 years treated with flexible intramedullary nail for closed femoral shaft fracture have rapid union and recovery,short rehabilitation period,less immobilization and psychological impact,and cost-effective.

关键词：下线服务迁移

Variations in Solar Cycles 22, 23 &24 and Their Effect on Earth’s Climate

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第1期6卷 8-13页

作者： Prithvi raj Singh Chandra mani Tiwari Ajay Kumar Saxena Department of Physics Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa India

In the present work, the study of influence of solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity on Earth’s climate during solar cycles 22, 23 and 24 has been done. The change in Earth’s climate, specifically the change in the global mean temperature has been associated with the variation of some solar activity indices, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity indices in the period of 1986-2014 (Till Dec.). The important solar indices that are total solar irradiance (TSI), Sunspot Number (SSN), F10.7 index, Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) Kiel (NM), geomagnetic activity indices Auroral Electrojet Index (AE) and aa index, have been presented. The study of the Earth’s climate in relationship with solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity has been analysed with variations and correlations. The variations of SSN with CRI are in anti-phase;SSN with F10.7, SSN with TSI, SSN with AE, SSN with aa are in same phase. The correlation of SSN with CRI is strongly negatively correlated;SSN with F10.7, SSN with TSI is strongly positively and SSN with AE, SSN with aa positively correlated to averaging solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. The Earth’s climate will be affected by the solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity.

关键词： Solar Activity Geomagnetic Activity Cosmic Ray Intensity

Effect of Coronal Mass Ejection on Earth’s Magnetic Field during Ascending Phase of Solar Cycles 23-24

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期7卷 213-220页

作者： Bharti Nigam Prithvi raj Singh Pramod Kumar Chamadia Ajay Kumar Saxena Chandra mani Tiwari Govt. Autonamous P. G. Science College Satna India Department of Physics Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa India

We have studied the width and speed of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and geomagnetic disturbance storm time (Dst) Index during ascending phase of solar cycles 23 and 24. We have classified total CMEs according to angular width and speed for the ascending period 1996-2002 and 2008-2014. We have found that the width of 62% CMEs is narrow, and 3% are Halo for the solar cycle 23 and 73% CMEs are narrow, and 2% CMEs are Halo for the solar cycle 24. The speed distribution of 65% CMEs has speed ≤ 500 km/sec and 4% CMEs has speed > 1000 km/sec for solar cycle 23 and 84% CMEs has speed ≤ 500 km/sec and 1% CMEs has speed > 1000 km/sec in cycle 24. The relationship between width and speed is more pronounced for fast ejecta (>1000 km/sec.), while slower ejecta shows more astronomically immense scatter. We have reported that the correlation between Dst and CMEs for ascending phase of solar cycle 24 is less than as compare to ascending phase of solar cycle 23.

关键词： CME Dst SSN