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The tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer with gratings in tandem for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 103-110页

作者：刘亮余德良马倩何小斐 Maarten DE BOCK manfred.von hellermann Michael WALSH 陈文锦何小雪魏彦玲张能李栋魏会领 the HL-2A Team Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721000People’s Republic of China ITER Organization Route de Vinon-sur-VerdonCS 90046St.Paul Lez Durance Cedex 13067France Fusion Spectroscopy Markgraf-Albrecht Str.14Berlin 10711Germany

Charge-exchange(CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II(468.57 nm), C VI(529.1 nm), and Dα(656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles of not only ion temperature and rotation velocity,but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium *** spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.

关键词： CXRS ion temperature plasma rotation impurity concentration

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Exposure to sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone alters sexual behavior and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in Heriades truncorum,an oligolectic solitary bee

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 859-869页

作者： Samuel Boff manfred Ayasse Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

The aboveground oligolectic bee,Heriades truncorum,is a particularly good model for studying the impact of pesticides on sexual communication,since some aspects of its mating behavior have previously been *** have tested(1)the interference of the pesticide flupyradifurone on male precopulatory behavior and male mating partner preferences,(2)the way that the pesticide interferes in male quality assessment by the female,and(3)the effects of the pesticide on the chemical compounds in the female *** exposed bees of both sexes to a sublethal concentration of *** behaviors were registered in a mating arena with two females(one unexposed and one exposed)and one male(either unexposed or exposed).Unexposed males were quicker to attempt to *** also impacted precopulatory behavior and male quality assessment by *** approached unexposed females more quickly than insecticideexposed *** exposed to insecticide produced lower amounts of some cuticular hydrocarbons(sex pheromone candidates)and appeared less choosy than unexposed *** findings suggest that insecticide exposure affects sexual communication,playing a role both in male preference and in male quality assessment by the female.

关键词： courtship display female choice flupyradifurone male partner preference sex communication sublethal effects

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Book review “Wattles: Australian Acacia species around the world” by David M. Richardson, Johannes J. Le Roux and Elizabete Marchante

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 140-141页

作者： Klaus von Gadow Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University GöttingenBüsgenweg 5D-37077GöttingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

In a world of Google and AI, developing an encyclopedic coverage of a theme that is of great interest to biologists, social scientists, politicians and environmental managers, is a daunting challenge. Wattles is a book that presents new knowledge, makes interesting reading, and has the potential to stimulate research in a variety of disciplines. We learn that Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a genus of shrubs and trees comprising 1,083 species of which 417 are known to have been introduced to areas outside their native range. We are surprised to read that Australian acacias are found almost everywhere, in virtually all terrestrial habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, alpine settings,rainforests, coastal dunes and deserts, causing major environmental and socio-economic changes in the invaded regions. Until recently, Acacia comprised a group of plant species native to Africa, South America and Australasia, but the name is now reserved for species predominantly from Australia, including some from Southeast Asia. The genus name Acacia is Neo-Latin, and refers to a preparation extracted from the leaves and fruit pods of Vachellia nilotica, the original type of the genus.

关键词： Richardson outside Latin

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A novel method for the green utilization of waste fried oil

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 1-11页

作者： Gan Cheng Mengni Zhang Yang Lu Yanhui Zhang Bin Lin Ee von Lau College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China Henan Key Laboratory for Green and Efficient Mining&Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China School of Engineering Monash University MalaysiaSubang JayaSelangor47500Malaysia

Waste fried oil was studied to prepare three different types of detergent such as soap,liquid soap and soap powder via saponification *** preparation conditions of soap base were optimized by orthogonal *** specific preparation processes included waste fried oil treatment,orange peel extract preparation,saponification,demoulding and *** showed that the optimal con-ditions for saponification were as follows:ratio of pure waste fried oil to coconut oil=6∶4,alkali liquor(NaOH)mass fraction 30%,saponification temperature 70℃,orange peel extract concentration 15%.The mature soap was then used to make liquid soap and soap powder by surfactant(sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate,coconut diethanol amide)addition,followed by *** prepared detergent conforms to the production standard of strong decontamination ability,possesses stable performance,is gentle to skin and non-toxic.

关键词： Waste fried oil Detergent Saponification Decolorization

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Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango,Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martínez Carola Paul Kai Husmann Jose Javier Corral-Rivas Klaus von Gadow Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of GottingenBüsgenweg 137077GottingenGermany Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N34120DurangoMexico Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatBüsgenweg 537077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological ***,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and *** study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species *** analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,***,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster ***,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site *** principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the *** generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak *** developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

关键词： Temperate multispecies forests Cluster analysis Basal area increment Generalized additive models

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Mimicking Mytilus edulis foot protein:A versatile strategy for robust biomedical coatings

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 73-82,72页

作者： Zeyu Du Feng Qiao Liping Tong Wentai Zhang Xiaohui Mou Xin Zhao manfred FMaitz Huaiyu Wang Nan Huang Zhilu Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Department of CardiologyThird People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated with Southwest Jiaotong UniversitySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Dongguan Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityDongguan 523059China Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research DresdenHohe Strasse 601069 DresdenGermany The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China GuangZhou Nanchuang Mount Everest Company for Medical Science and Technology Guangzhou 510670China

Universal coatings with versatile surface adhesion,good mechanochemical robustness,and the capacity for secondary modification are of great scientific ***,incorporating these advantages into a system is still a great ***,we report a series of catechol-decorated polyallylamines(CPAs),denoted as pseudo-Mytilus edulis foot protein 5(pseudoMefp-5),that mimic not only the catechol and amine groups but also the backbone of *** can fabricate highly adhesive,robust,multifunctional polyCPA(PCPA)coatings based on synergetic catechol-polyamine chemistry as universal building *** to the interpenetrating entangled network architectures,these coatings exhibit high chemical robustness against harsh conditions(HCl,pH 1;NaOH,pH 14;H2O2,30%),good mechanical robustness,and wear *** addition,PCPA coatings provide abundant grafting sites,enabling the fabrication of various functional surfaces through secondary ***,the versatility,multifaceted robustness,and scalability of PCPA coatings indicate their great potential for surface engineering,especially for withstanding harsh conditions in multipurpose biomedical applications.

关键词： wear catechol versatile

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Next Generation Sequencing in Oncological Diagnostics: Hype or Hope?

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 244-256页

作者： Rana Hallak manfred Kuepper Amer Al Chikh Youssef Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Al Rasheed University Ghabareb Syria Rana Hallak Clinical Laboratory Damascus Kafar Sousseh Syria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Arab International University Ghabareb Syria Doctors Cancer Care Center Damascus Damascus Syria

The understanding of how genetic and epigenetic factors influence tumorigenesis, progression and invasion, is vastly growing since new technologies allow the analysis of the functional genome namely the exome, the transcriptome and the epigenome, besides enabling genome-wide assessment of genetic variations. With the advent of new drugs that are indicated tissue agnostic, depending on certain mutations, there is a growing demand for fast and cost-effective genetic diagnosis. The method in focus that already became an indispensable tool in viral diagnosis is next-generation sequencing (NGS). This approach allows sequencing of literally every DNA molecule in the sample and can either be used to assess numerous genetic markers of one patient at a time, or to assess fewer markers of many patients in parallel, which reduces costs. We submitted 23 samples of different tumor entities to four diagnostic companies with different analysis profiles. The results as disclosed and discussed in this report indicate that so far, the main application of NGS is rather in cancer research than in diagnosis, as none of the reports had a real impact on the therapeutic scheme. We are perfectly aware that such a small cohort cannot be generalized, but considering the costs vs. benefits, NGS should be engaged upon a very stringent evaluation only. However, in cases where obtaining a tissue biopsy is impossible or unfavorable, analysis of liquid biopsy by NGS provides a vital alternative.

关键词： Oncology Next Generation Sequencing Tumor Diagnosis Personalized Medicine

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The evaluation of next-generation probiotics on broiler growth performance,gut morphology,gut microbiome,nutrient digestibility,in addition to enzyme production of Bacillus *** vitro

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 133-144页

作者： Jacoba I.Bromfield Shahram Niknafs Xiaojing Chen Juhani von Hellens Darwin Horyanto Baode Sun Lei Yu Viet Hai Tran Marta Navarro Eugeni Roura Bioproton Pty Ltd Acacia RidgeBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

Considerable research has been conducted into the efficacy of individual probiotics in broiler production,however information on the most effective combinations of synergistic Bacillus probiotic is *** study investigated the impact of different Bacillus strain combinations in broiler chickens,as well as in vitro enzyme *** experiment one,a total of 576 Ross 308 broilers at 1 d old were grown for 21 d across 6 treatments of maize-soybean diets(n=12 pens per treatment)to compare three different strain combinations(formulation 1[F1]:3 strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;F2:Bacillus coagulans and 2 strains ***;F3:***,Bacillus licheniformis and 2 strains ***;F5:Bacillus subtilis,*** and 2 strains ***),positive control(PC),and a negative control antibiotic treatment group(NC).In Exp.2,a total of 360 one-day-old ROSS308 broilers were used to test five treatments(n=9)including PC,NC,F1 and F5(selected from Exp.1),and F4(Bacillus pumilis and 2 strains ***)in a maize-soybean *** F1 demonstrated a significant improvement in feed conversion ratio(FCR)compared to F2 at d 14(1.49 vs 2.10;P=0.038)and the body weight(BW)at d 21(847.0 g vs 787.4 g)compared to other combinations(P=0.027).The FCR at d 21 tended to be lower in birds fed F1(1.46 vs 1.66)compared to the control(P=0.068).Probiotic treatments had significantly improved nutrient digestibility compared to the PC and ***,probiotic treatments supported the growth of Streptococcus,a common commensal genus and reduced the abundance of genera that correlated with low weight gain such as *** two revealed that F4 improved FCR(P<0.001)and BW at 28 d(P=0.014).In vitro testing showed a high production of protease and amylase by ***,the addition of Bacillus probiotics,particularly containing *** strains and Bacillus pumilus,into the diet of broiler chickens improves

关键词： Broiler Probiotic Bacillus Gut health Microbial profile

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Flame-assisted ultrafast synthesis of functionalized carbon nanosheets for high-performance sodium storage

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Carbon Energy 2024年第7期6卷 123-133页

作者： Chen Chen Dong Yan Yew von Lim Lei Liu Xue Liang Li Junjie Chen Tian Chen Li Youyu Zhu Jiangtao Cai Ying Huang Yating Zhang Hui Ying Yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina Pillar of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'anChina International Joint Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province School of Physics and ElectronicsHenan UniversityKaifengChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'anChina

The unique structural features of hard carbon(HC)make it a promising anode candidate for sodium-ion batteries(SIB).However,traditional methods of preparing HC require special equipment,long reaction times,and large energy consumption,resulting in low throughputs and *** our contribution,a novel synthesis method is proposed,involving the formation of HC nanosheets(NS-CNs)within minutes by creating an anoxic environment through flame combustion and further introducing sulfur and nitrogen sources to achieve heteroatom *** effect of heterogeneous element doping on the microstructure of HC is quantitatively analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and image processing *** with density functional theory calculation,it is verified that the functionalized HC exhibits stronger Na^(+)adsorption ability,electron gain ability,and Na^(+)migration *** a result,NS-CNs as SIB anodes provide an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 542.7mAh g^(-1) at 0.1Ag^(-1),and excellent rate performance with a reversible capacity of 236.4mAh g^(-1) at 2Ag^(-1) after 1200 ***,full cell assembled with NS-CNs as the can present 230mAh g^(-1) at 0.5Ag^(-1) after 150 ***,in/ex situ techniques confirm that the excellent sodium storage properties of NS-CNs are due to the construction of abundant active sites based on the novel synthesis method for realizing the reversible adsorption of Na^(+).This work provides a novel strategy to develop novel carbons and gives deep insights for the further investigation of facile preparation methods to develop high-performance carbon anodes for alkali-ion batteries.

关键词： carbon nanosheets heteroatom doping sodium-ion battery sustainable materials

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Photoelectrochemical Iron-Catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H Borylation of Alkanes in a Position-Selective Manner

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1430-1438页

作者： Wen Wei Bin Wang Simon L.Homölle Jinbin Zhu Yanjun Li Tristan von Münchow Isaac Maksso Lutz Ackermann Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen

Catalytic C-H borylation is of prime topical importance,since easily available feedstock chemicals can thereby be transformed into valuable transient functional groups in the absence of directing ***,we disclose an iron-catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H borylation of simple,non-prefunctionalized alkanes,providing access to value-added products in a single step by means of *** power of merging photo-and electrochemistry was mirrored by ample scope and exceedingly mild reaction ***,an outstanding position-selectivity in favor of primary C(sp^(3))-H proved viable within the photoelectrochemical borylation through a chemo-selective anodic overoxidation *** ferro-photoelectrochemistry strategy avoids toxic precious transition metals,enabling C(sp^(3))-H borylations in a site-selective fashion.

关键词： photoelectrocatalysis C(sp^(3))-H borylation iron catalysis position-selectivity chlorine radical

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