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Enhanced expression of interleukin-18 in serum and pancreas of patients with chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6507-6514页

作者： Alexander Schneider Stephan L Haas Ralf Hildenbrand Sren Siegmund Iris Reinhard Helmut Nakovics manfred V Singer Peter Feick Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases) Univer-sity Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim Mannheim Germany Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim Mannheim Germany Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim Germany

AIM： To investigate interleukin-18 （IL-18） in patients with chronic panreatitis （CP）. METHODS： We studied 29 patients with CP and 30 healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） were isolated and incubated with 50 mmol/L ethanol, lipopolysaccharide （LPS）（doses 25 g/L, 250 g/L, 2500 g/L） and both agents for 24 h. Levels of IL-18 in the supernatants, and levels of IL-18, IL-12, interferon （IFN）-T and soluble CD14 in the serum were analysed by EI_ISA technique. Expression of IL-18 in PBMC was investigated by reverse-transcription （RT）-PCR. IL-18 protein levels in CP tissue and in normal pancreas were studied by ELISA technique. IL-18 levels in PBMC and pancreatic tissue were determined by Westernblot. Immunohistochemistry for pancreatic IL-18 expression was performed.RESULTS： In patients, IL-18 serum levels were significantly enhanced by 76% （mean： 289.9 ± 167.7 ng/L） compared with controls （mean： 165.2 ± 43.6 ng/L; P 〈 0.0005）. IL-12 levels were enhanced by 25% in patients （18.3 ± 7.3 ng/L） compared with controls （14.7 ± 6.8 ng/L, P = 0.0576） although not reaching the statistical significance. IFN-γ, and soluble CD14 levels were not increased. In vitro, LPS stimulated significantly and dosedependently IL-18 secretion from PBMC. Incubation with ethanol reduced LPS-stimulated IL-18 secretion by about 50%. The mRNA expression of IL-18 in PBMC and the response of PBMC to ethanol and LPS was similar in CP patients and controls. In PBMC, no significant differences in IL-18 protein levels were detected between patients and controls. IL-18 protein levels were increased in CP tissues compared to normal pancreatic tissues. IL-18 was expressed by pancreatic acinar cells and by infiltrating inflammatory cells within the pancreas. CONCLUSION： IL-18 originates from the chronically inflammed pancreas and appears to be involved in the fibrotic destruction of the organ.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Cytokines Interleukin- 18 Pancreatic fibrosis

Long-term follow-up after complete ablation of Barrett's esophagus with argon plasma coagulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1182-1186页

作者： Ahmed Madisch Stephan Miehike Ekkehard Bayerdoerffer Birgit Wiedemann David Antos Anke Sievert Michael Vieth manfred Stolte Heinrich Schulz Medical Department Ⅰ Department of Hematology and Oncology Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry Clinic for Pediatric Diseases Gastroenterologist in private practice Institute of Pathology

AIM: To report the long-term outcome of patients after complete ablation of non-neoplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE) with respect to BE relapse and development of intraepithelial neoplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: In 70 patients with historically proven non neoplastic BE, complete BE ablation was achieved by argon plasma coagulation (APC) and high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy (120 mg omeprazole daily). Sixty-six patients (94.4%) underwent further surveillance endoscopy. At each surveillance endoscopy four-quadrant biopsies were taken from the neo-squamous epithelium at 2 cm intervals depending on the pre-treatment length of BE mucosa beginning at the neo-Z-line, and from any endoscopically suspicious lesion. RESULTS: The median follow-up of 66 patients was 51 mo (range 9-85 mo) giving a total of 280.5 patient years. A mean of 6 biopsies were taken during surveillance endoscopies. In 13 patients (19.7%) tongues or islands suspicious for BE were found during endoscopy. In 8 of these patients (12.1%) non-neoplastic BE relapse was confirmed histologically giving a histological relapse rate of 3% per year. In none of the patients, intraepithelial neoplasia nor an esophageal adenocarcinoma was detected. Logistic regression analysis identified endoscopic detection of islands or tongues as the only positive predictor of BE relapse (P= 0.0004). CONCLUSION: The long-term relapse rate of non neoplastic BE following complete ablation with high-power APC is low (3% per year).

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Argon plasma coagulation Esophageal adenocarcinoma

Geochemistry of Enclaves and Host Granitoids from the Kashan Granitoid Complex, Central Iran: Implications for Enclave Generation by Interaction of Cogenetic Magmas

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第5期26卷 626-647页

作者： Maryam Honarmand Nematollah Rashidnejad Omran Franz Neubauer Ghasem Nabatian Mohammad Hashem Emami Albrecht von Quadt Yunpeng Dong manfred Bernroider Department of Earth Sciences Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Department of Geology Faculty of Basic Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Department Geography and Geology University of Salzburg Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences University of Zanjan Research Institute for Earth Sciences Geological Survey of Iran Institute of Isotope Geology and Mineral Resources ETH Zürich State Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University

The major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of Miocene host granitoid rocks and their mafic microgranular enclaves（MMEs） were studied to understand the petrogenesis of MMEs in the Kashan complex, which is part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt（Iran）. The host rocks consist of quartz-diorite and tonalite associated with a dioritic intrusion. The enclaves show microgranular texture and the same mineralogy as their respective host with plagioclase, quartz and biotite. MMEs have a diorite to quartz-diorite composition and show geochemical characteristics mostly between their granitoid host and the diorite intrusion. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of all samples are moderately fractionated [（La/Yb）N=2.1 to 12.9]. The MMEs display in part small negative Eu anomalies（Eu/Eu＊=0.54 to 0.99）, with enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE. The enclaves show emplacement depth of -4 to 6 km which is comparable with the host rocks. Moreover, the Hornblende-plagioclase equilibrium temprature of MMEs yields average temperatures of 795℃ which is slightly higher than the host ones. Identical mineral compositions and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic features of MME-host granitoid pairs indicate interactions and parallel evolution of MME and enclosing granitoid in the Kashan plutons. Additionally, the geochemical and isotopic investigations of host and dioritic intrusions suggest a common source for their genesis. A thermal anomaly induced by underplated basic magma into a hot crust would have caused partial melting in the lower crust to generate Kashan granitoid rocks.

关键词： magma interaction mafic microgranular enclave radiogenic isotopes granitoid rocks Kashan Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt

Reduced bone mineral density and altered bone turnover markers in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B or C infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1843-1847页

作者： Ingolf Schiefke Andreas Fach Marcus Wiedmann Andreas V.Aretin Eva Schenker Gudrun Borte manfred Wiese Joachim Moessner Department Department of Radiology Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ

AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate this particular population for BMD and bone turnover markers. METHODS: Biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HCV (n = 30) or HBV (n = 13) infection without histological evidence for liver cirrhosis. Mean age was 49 years (range 26-77 years). BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the femoral neck (FN) and the lumbar spine (LS) region. In addition, bone metabolism markers were measured. RESULTS: BMD was lowered in 25 (58%) of the patients with chronic hepatitis B or C (FN; 0.76 (0.53-0.99); LS: 0.96 (0.62-1.23) g/cm2). Eight (32%) osteopenic patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P= 0.005) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in the more advanced stages of fibrosis. Mean T-score value was lower in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). CONCLUSION: There was a significantly reduced BMD in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection. Alterations of bone metabolism already occurred in advanced liver fibrosis without cirrhosis. According to our results, these secondary effects of chronic viral hepatitis should be further investigated.

关键词： Bone density Chronic viral hepatitis Non cirrhotic patients

Two-Phase Flow Modeling in a Single Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2007年第4期24卷 439-444页

作者：杨洪海 Sameer Khandekar Sanka V. V.S. N.S. Manyam manfred Groll College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua University Institute of Nuclear Technology and Energy System University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

Mathematical modeling of pulsating heat pipes through ‘first’ principles is a contemporary problem which remains quite elusive. Simplifications and assumptions made in all the modeling approaches developed so far render them unsuitable for engineering design. In this paper, a more realistic modeling scheme is presented which provides considerable try for thought toward the next progressive step. At high enough heat flux level, closed loop pulsating heat pipes experience a bulk internal unidirectional fluid circulation. Under such a condition, conventional two-phase flow modeling in capillary tubes may be applied. This has been attempted for single-loop PHPs. A homogeneous model and a separated two-fluid flow model based on simultaneous conservation of mass, momentum and energy, have been developed for an equivalent ‘open flow’ system. The model allows prediction of two-phase flow parameters in each sub-section of the device thereby providing important insights into its operation. The concept of ‘void fraction constraint’ in pulsating heat pipe operation is introduced and its relevance to future modeling attempts is outlined.

关键词： Closed loop pulsating heat pipe flow modeling parametric influences

A“built-up”composite film with synergistic functionalities on Mg-2Zn-1Mn bioresorbable stents improves corrosion control effects and biocompatibility

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 223-238页

作者： Zhenglong Dou Shuiling Chen Jiacheng Wang Li Xia manfred F.Maitz Qiufen Tu Wentai Zhang Zhilu Yang Nan Huang Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China Affiliated Dongguan Hospital Southern Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong523059China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation GuangzhouGuangdong510080China Department of Cardiology Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research DresdenHohe Strasse 601069DresdenGermany

Control of premature corrosion of magnesium(Mg)alloy bioresorbable stents(BRS)is frequently achieved by the addition of rare earth ***,limited long-term experience with these elements causes concerns for clinical application and alternative methods of corrosion control are sought ***,we report a“built-up”composite film consisting of a bottom layer of MgF2 conversion coating,a sandwich layer of a poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate)(PTMC)and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane(APTES)co-spray coating(PA)and on top a layer of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)ultrasonic spray coating to decorate the rare earth element-free Mg-2Zn-1Mn(ZM21)BRS for tailoring both corrosion resistance and biological *** developed“built-up”composite film shows synergistic functionalities,allowing the compression and expansion of the coated ZM21 BRS on an angioplasty balloon without cracking or *** special importance is that the synergistic corrosion control effects of the“built-up”composite film allow for maintaining the mechanical integrity of stents for up to 3 months,where complete biodegradation and no foreign matter residue were observed about half a year after implantation in rabbit iliac ***,the functionalized ZM21 BRS accomplished re-endothelialization within one month.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Bioresorbable stents Composite coating Corrosion control Biocompatibility

Intravenous administration of glutathione protects parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells against reperfusion injury following rat liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第6期10卷 864-870页

作者： RolfJ.Schauer SinanKalmuk Alexander L.Gerbes Rosemarie Leiderer Herbert Meissner Friedrich W.Schildberg Konrad Messmer manfred Bilzer Surgical Department Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany Department Institute for Surgical Research Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany Institute of Pathology Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany

AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation. METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin solution in a syngeneic *** a 2-h reperfusion period either saline (controls,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100 μmol/(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuously administered via the jugular vein. RESULTS:Two hours after starting reperfusion plasma ALT increased to 1 457±281 U/L (mean±SE) in controls but to only 908±187 U/L (P<0.05) in animals treated with 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphological findings on electron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) as well as loss of microvilli and mitochondrial swelling of ***,postischemic bile flow increased *** fluorescence microscopy revealed a nearly complete restoration of sinusoidal blood flow and a significant reduction of leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal *** infusion of 50μmol and 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg),plasma GSH increased to 65±7 mol/L and 97±18 mol/L,but to only 20±3 mol/L in untreated recipients. Furthermore,plasma glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0 mol/L in animals treated with 100μmol/(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol GSH/(h·kg) did not raise levels of untreated controls (1.8±0.5 mol/L vs 2.2±0.2 mol/L). CONCLUSION:Plasma GSH levels above a critical level may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vasculature during reperfusion of liver ***,GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the Drevention of reperfusion injury after liver transplantation,in particular since it has a low toxicity in humans.

关键词： Liver Circulation Liver Transplantation Animals Glutathione dosage Hepatocytes Infusions, Intravenous Male Postoperative Period Rats Rats, Inbred Lew Reperfusion Injury control

Sclerosing cholangitis following severe trauma: Description of a remarkable disease entity with emphasis on possible pathophysiologic mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4199-4205页

作者： Johannes Benninger Rainer Grobholz Yurdaguel Oeztuerk Christoph H.Antoni Eckhart G.Hahn manfred V.Singer Richard Strauss Department of Medicine Ⅰ Department of Pathology Department of Medicine II Department of Medicine Ⅱ

MM： Persistent cholestasis is a rare complication of severe trauma or infections. Little is known about the possible pathomechanisms and the clinical ***： Secondary sclerosing cholangitis was diagnosed in five patients with persistent jaundice after severe trauma （one burn injury, three accidents, one power current injury）. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed with regard to possible trigger mechanisms for cholestasis, and the clinical course was ***： Diagnosis of secondary sclerosing cholangitis was based in all patients on the primary sclerosing cholangitis （PSC）-Iike destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts at cholangiography after exclusion of PSC. In four patients, arterial hypotension with subsequent ischemia may have caused the bile duct damage, whereas in the case of power current injury direct thermal damage was assumed to be the trigger mechanism. The course of secondary liver fibrosis was rapidly progressive and proceeded to liver cirrhosis in all four patients with a follow-up 〉2 years. Therapeutic possibilities were ***： Posttraumatic sderosing cholangitis is a rare but rapidly progressive disease, probably caused by ischemia of the intrahepatic bile ducts via the peribiliary capillary plexus due to arterial *** should be aware of this disease in patients with persistent cholestasis after severe trauma.

关键词： Life-threatening trauma Arterial hypotension Cholestasis Ischemia of intrahepatic bile ducts Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Posttraumatic sclerosing cholangitis

Emission characteristics of carbon dioxide in the semiarid Stipa grandis steppe in Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第3期18卷 488-494页

作者： LIU Xing-ren QI Yu-chun LIU Ji-yuan manfred Domroes LIU Li-xin GENG Yuan-bo YANG Xiao-hong LI Ming-feng Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Geography Mainz University 55099 Mainz Germany Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Using the static opaque chamber method, the soil respiration rates （SR） were measured through the continuous experiments in situ in semiarid Stipa grandis steppe in Xilin River Basin of Inner Mongolia, China from June 2001 to June 2003, in parallel, the difference between the SR and the ecosystem respiration rates （TER） were compared. The results indicated that the seasonal variations of the SR and TER were obvious with higher emissions in growing season and a relatively low efflux level in non-growing season, furthermore, the negative effluxes were found in the observation site in winter; the annual CO2 efflux of total ecosystem ranged from 160.5 gC/（m^2·a） to 162.8 gC/（m^2·a） and that of soil ranged from 118.7 gC/（m^2·a） to 152.3 gC/（m^2·a）. The annual SR accounted for about 74.0% to 93.5% of the annual TER, but the results of Analysis of Variance （ANOVA） indicated that the difference between the annual average TER and SR did not reach the significance level of 0.05. The TER was under similar environmental controls as SR, in growing seasons of drought years, the variations of soil moisture at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depth could account for 79,1% 95.6% of the changes of the SR and TER, but in non-growing season, more than 75% of the variations of the SR and TER could be explained by the changes of the ground temperature of soil surface layers.

关键词： Inner Mongolia semiarid grassland Stipa grandis steppe CO2 fluxes environmental factors