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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2692-2693页

作者： manfred schartl Developmental Biochemistry BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburg 97074Germany The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center Texas State UniversitySan Marcos 78666USA

The leafy seadragon(Phycodurus eques)or Glauert’s seadragon is one of the most ornately camouflaged creatures on this *** is found in temperate South Australian waters,where its colouration and gossamer leaf-shaped appendages give it excellent camouflage on kelp-covered rocky *** seadragons are very poor swimmers and rely on their camouflage to avoid *** lengths up to 50 cm,they are relatively large compared with their next relatives,the pipefish.

关键词： dragon forest planet

A novel marker for the platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) W chromosome is derived from a Polinton transposon

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第3期37卷 181-188页

作者： Qingchun Zhou Ingo Braasch Alexander Froschauer Astrid Boehne Christina Schultheis manfred schartl Jean-Nicolas Volff Biofuture Research Group Physiologische Chemie I Biozentrum University ofWiirzburg Wiirzburg 97074 Germany Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and lntegrative Biology College of Life Science Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 97074 China Institut fur Zoologie Technische Universitait Dresden Dresden 01062 Germany Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon Universit~ de Lyon Institut Fdddratif Biosciences Gerland Lyon Sud UniversiM Lyon 1 CNRS INRA Ecole Normale Supdrieure de Lyon Lyon 69364 France

A consensus sequence, encoding a putative DNA polymerase type B derived from a Polinton transposon, was assembled from the sex determination region of Xiphophorus maculatus. This predicted protein, which is 1,158 aa in length, contains a DNAA_pol_B_2 domain and a DTDS motif. The DNA polymerase type B gene has about 10 copies in the haploid X. maculatus genome with one Y-specific copy. Interestingly, it has specific copies on the W chromosome in the X. maculatus Usumacinta strain （sex determination with female het- erogamety）, which represent new markers for this type of sex chromosome in platyfish. This marker with W- and Y-specific copies suggests relationship between different types of gonosomes and allows comparing male and female heterogameties in the platyfish. Further molecular analysis of the DNA polymerase type B gene in X. maculatus will shed new light on the evolution of sex chromosomes in platyfish.

关键词： DNA polymerase type B chromosome marker Xiphophorus maculatus

青鳉p53基因克隆、结构分析及同源重组载体构建

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动物学报 2002年第4期48卷 519-526页

作者：陈松林 HONG Yun-Han manfred schartl 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所青岛266071 Physiological ChemistryI University of Wuerzburg

应用“Long PCR”技术 ,用 6对 p5 3引物从青胚胎干细胞基因组DNA中扩增出 6个相互重叠的片段 ,其中最大的片段长达 4 5kb ,这 6个PCR片段覆盖了整个 p5 3基因。序列分析表明青p5 3基因长约 8 7kb ,由 11个外显子和 10个内含子组... 详细信息

应用“Long PCR”技术 ,用 6对 p5 3引物从青胚胎干细胞基因组DNA中扩增出 6个相互重叠的片段 ,其中最大的片段长达 4 5kb ,这 6个PCR片段覆盖了整个 p5 3基因。序列分析表明青p5 3基因长约 8 7kb ,由 11个外显子和 10个内含子组成。结构比较表明 ,青 p5 3基因在大小上与人和小鼠 p5 3基因存在较大差异。青p5 3基因的内含子 1仅为 0 85kb ,而人和小鼠p5 3基因的内含子 1则分别长达 10kb和 6kb ;青 p5 3基因的外显子 3(86bp)明显大于人和小鼠 p5 3基因的外显子 3(2 2bp) ;外显子 4 (170bp)比人 (2 80bp)和小鼠 (2 6 0bp)的外显子 4小 ;内含子 10 (3 5kb)则比人和小鼠内含子 10 (0 7kb和 0 9kb)大得多。用SVTK neo基因作正选择标记基因 ,用SVTK tk基因作负选择标记基因 ,用青 p5 3基因组片段作同源序列 ,构建了鱼类 p5 3基因同源重组载体。将此载体转染青胚胎干细胞 ,并经G4 18和Ganc药物选择后证明上述正、负选择标记基因在干细胞中能够有效表达 ,并提供对G4 18的抗性和对Ganc的敏感性。

关键词：青Jiang p53 基因克隆结构分析同源重组载体构建胚胎干细胞

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鱼类的胚胎干细胞(英文)

动物学报 2003年第3期49卷 281-294页

作者：洪云汉桂建芳陈松林邓娇蓉 manfred schartl 中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态学和生物技术学国家重点实验室黄海水产研究所新加坡国立大学生物科学系 Physiological Chemistry I Biocenter of the University Würzburg D-97074 Würzburg FRG

胚胎干细胞 (ES)是未分化的细胞培养物 ,来自动物的早期胚胎。它们能成为稳定的细胞系和长期冻存。在适当的条件下 ,ES细胞能分化成各种细胞类型 ,包括生殖细胞。这样 ,ES细胞就提供了一个有效的纽带 ,将动物基因组的体外和体内遗传操... 详细信息

胚胎干细胞 (ES)是未分化的细胞培养物 ,来自动物的早期胚胎。它们能成为稳定的细胞系和长期冻存。在适当的条件下 ,ES细胞能分化成各种细胞类型 ,包括生殖细胞。这样 ,ES细胞就提供了一个有效的纽带 ,将动物基因组的体外和体内遗传操作连系起来。ES细胞的魅力就由其在产生和分析基因敲除老鼠中显现出来。目前 ,ES细胞技术仅见之老鼠 ,因其它脊椎动物的ES细胞的培养和建系难获成功。在鱼类 ,人们已做了大量的尝试。我们以青 (Oryziaslatipes)作为建立鱼类ES细胞技术的模式 ,通过建立并应用无滋养层细胞的培养条件 ,获得了来自中期囊胚的ES细胞系。青的ES细胞和老鼠的ES细胞有很多共同特征 ,如二倍体核型、分化潜力和形成嵌合体。因此 ,在鱼类建立和应用ES细胞技术是可能的。青ES细胞的培养条件已成功地应用到其它鱼类如斑马鱼甚至海水鱼。本文旨在以青为模式 ,综述获得和应用模式鱼和经济鱼ES细胞的主要进展和前景 [动物学报 49( 3) :2 81～ 2 94,2 0 0 3]。

关键词：鱼类胚胎干细胞细胞分化细胞培养动物克隆基因打靶

Molecular analysis of the sex chromosomes of the platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus: Towards the identification of a new type of master sexual regulator in vertebrates

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第3期4卷 277-284页

作者： ASTRID BONE Christina SCHULTHEIS Delphine GALIANA-ARNOUX Alexander FROSCHAUER Qingchun ZHOU Cornelia SCHMIDT Yvonne SELZ Catherine OZOUF-COSTAZ Agnès DETTAI Béatrice SEGURENS Arnaud COULOUX Sylvie BERNARD-SAMAIN Valérie BARBE Stefan CHILMONCZYK Frédéric BRUNET Amandine DARRAS TOMASZKIEWICZ Marta Marie SEMON manfred schartl Jean-Nicolas VOLFF Institute of Functional Genomics Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon/Universitéde LyonLyonFrance Physiological Chemistry 1 Biozentrum of the University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany Department of Systematics and Evolution Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleParisFrance CEA/DSV/IG/Genoscope EvryFrance Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit National Institute for Agricultural ResearchJouy-en-JosasFrance

In contrast to mammals and birds,fish display an amazing diversity of genetic sex determination systems,with frequent changes during evolution possibly associated with the emergence of new sex chromosomes and sex-determining *** better understand the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms driving this diversity,several fish models are studied in *** the medaka(Oryzias latipes Temminck and Schlegel,1846)for which the master sex-determination gene has been identified,one of the most advanced models for studying sex determination is the Southern platyfish(Xiphophorus maculatus,Günther 1966).Xiphophorus maculatus belongs to the Poeciliids,a family of live-bearing freshwater fish,including platyfish,swordtails and guppies that perfectly illustrates the diversity of genetic sex-determination mechanisms observed in *** ***,bacterial artificial chro-mosome contigs covering the sex-determination region of the X and Y sex chromosomes have been *** molecular analysis demonstrated that the sex-determination region is very unstable and frequently undergoes duplications,deletions,inversions and other *** gene candidates linked to the master sex-determining gene have been identified,some of them corresponding to *** putative genes are present on both the X and the Y chromosomes,suggesting a poor degree of differentiation and a young evolutionary age for platyfish sex *** compared with other fish and tetrapod genomes,syntenies were detected only with *** observation supports an independent origin of sex chromosomes,not only in different vertebrate lineages but also between different fish species.

关键词： sex chromosomes sex determination fish poeciliid Xiphophorus.