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Roles of the eye care workforce for task sharing in management of diabetic retinopathy in Cambodia

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第1期11卷 101-107页

作者： Mufarriq Shah Gail M.Ormsby Ayesha Noor Rahul Chakrabarti manfred morchen Fakir MAmirul Islam CAlex Harper Jill E Keeffe Pakistan Institute of Community Ophthalmology Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar 25000Pakistan Centre for Eye Research Australia Department of Ophthal-mologyUniversity of MelbourneRoyal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalMelbourneVIC 302Australia Faculty of Education Science and BusinessLifestyle Research CentreAvondale College of Higher EducationCooranbongNSW 2265Australia Vision and Dental Care Clinic Peshawar 25000Pakistan CARITAS Takeo Eye Hospital Krong Doun Kaev 21151Cambodia Regional office Asia South East CBM International Unit 604 Alabang Business Tower 1216 Acacia AveMuntinlupa City 1799Philippines Statistics Data Science and EpidemiologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia LV Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034India

AIM： To identify the current roles of eye and health care workers in eye care delivery and investigate their potential roles in screening and detection for management of diabetic retinopathy（DR） through task sharing.METHODS： Purposive sampling of 24 participants including health administrators, members from non-government organizations and all available eye care workers in Takeo province were recruited. This cross sectional mixed method study comprised a survey and in-depth interviews. Data were collected from medical records at Caritas Takeo Eye Hospital（CTEH） and Kiri Vong District Referral Hospital Vision Centre, and a survey and interviews with participants were done to explore the potential roles for task sharing in DR management. Qualitative data were transcribed into a text program and then entered into N-Vivo（version 10） software for data management and analysis. RESULTS： From 2009 to 2012, a total of 105 178 patients were examined and 14 030 eye surgeries were performed in CTEH by three ophthalmologists supported by ophthalmic nurses in operating and eye examination for patients. Between January 2011 and September 2012, 151 patients（72 males） with retinal pathology including 125（83%） with DR visited CTEH. In addition 170 patients with diabetes were referred to CTEH for eye examinations from Mo Po Tsyo screening programs for people with diabetes. Factors favouring task sharing included high demand for eye care services and scarcity of ophthalmologists.CONCLUSION： Task sharing and team work for eye care services is functional. Participants favor the potential role of ophthalmic nurses in screening for DR through task sharing.

关键词： task sharing diabetes diabetic retinopathy human resources Cambodia

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The tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer with gratings in tandem for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 103-110页

作者：刘亮余德良马倩何小斐 Maarten DE BOCK manfred von HELLERMANN Michael WALSH 陈文锦何小雪魏彦玲张能李栋魏会领 the HL-2A Team Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721000People’s Republic of China ITER Organization Route de Vinon-sur-VerdonCS 90046St.Paul Lez Durance Cedex 13067France Fusion Spectroscopy Markgraf-Albrecht Str.14Berlin 10711Germany

Charge-exchange(CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II(468.57 nm), C VI(529.1 nm), and Dα(656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles of not only ion temperature and rotation velocity,but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium concentration.The spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.

关键词： CXRS ion temperature plasma rotation impurity concentration

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Next Generation Sequencing in Oncological Diagnostics: Hype or Hope?

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 244-256页

作者： Rana Hallak manfred Kuepper Amer Al Chikh Youssef Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Al Rasheed University Ghabareb Syria Rana Hallak Clinical Laboratory Damascus Kafar Sousseh Syria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Arab International University Ghabareb Syria Doctors Cancer Care Center Damascus Damascus Syria

The understanding of how genetic and epigenetic factors influence tumorigenesis, progression and invasion, is vastly growing since new technologies allow the analysis of the functional genome namely the exome, the transcriptome and the epigenome, besides enabling genome-wide assessment of genetic variations. With the advent of new drugs that are indicated tissue agnostic, depending on certain mutations, there is a growing demand for fast and cost-effective genetic diagnosis. The method in focus that already became an indispensable tool in viral diagnosis is next-generation sequencing (NGS). This approach allows sequencing of literally every DNA molecule in the sample and can either be used to assess numerous genetic markers of one patient at a time, or to assess fewer markers of many patients in parallel, which reduces costs. We submitted 23 samples of different tumor entities to four diagnostic companies with different analysis profiles. The results as disclosed and discussed in this report indicate that so far, the main application of NGS is rather in cancer research than in diagnosis, as none of the reports had a real impact on the therapeutic scheme. We are perfectly aware that such a small cohort cannot be generalized, but considering the costs vs. benefits, NGS should be engaged upon a very stringent evaluation only. However, in cases where obtaining a tissue biopsy is impossible or unfavorable, analysis of liquid biopsy by NGS provides a vital alternative.

关键词： Oncology Next Generation Sequencing Tumor Diagnosis Personalized Medicine

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Sahara’s surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 70-79页

作者： Yandong Hou Hao Long Sumiko Tsukamoto Zhengyao Lu Jie Chen Daniel EIbarra Toru Tamura Qiong Zhang Weiyi Sun Jingran Zhang Lei Gao manfred Frechen Ji Shen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics(LIAG) Department of Geochronology30655 HannoverGermany Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University22100 LundSweden Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute at Brown for Environment and Society and Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8561Japan Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityJiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic EnvironmentMinistry of Education of ChinaNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)through ocean-atmospheric teleconnections.This modulation has far-reaching consequences,particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern China.Here,we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake Basin in northern China,providing quantitative assessments of Holocene monsoonal precipitation and the consequent migrations of the northern boundary of the EASM.Our reconstruction,informed by a water-and-energy balance model,indicates that annual precipitation reached700 mm during 8–5 ka,followed by a rapid decline to tween 5 and 4 ka.This shift coherently aligns with a signi550 mm be-ficant300 km northwestward movement of the EASM northern boundary during the Middle Holocene(MH),in contrast to its current position.Our findings underscore that these changes cannot be entirely attributed to orbital forcing,as corroborated by simulation tests.Climate model simulations deployed in our study suggest that the presence of the Green Sahara during the MH significantly strengthened the EASM and led to a northward shift of the monsoon rainfall belt.Conversely,the Sahara’s reversion to a desert landscape in the late Holocene was accompanied by a corresponding southward retraction of monsoon influence.These dramatic hydroclimate changes during5–4 ka likely triggered or at least contributed to a shift in Neolithic cultures and societal transformation in northern China.With decreasing agricultural productivity,communities transitioned from millet farming to a mixed rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry system.Thus,our findings elucidate not only the variability of the EASM but also the profound implications of a remote forcing,such as surface transformations of the Sahara,on climatic changes and cultural evolution in northern China.

关键词： Holocene monsoon abrupt

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Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 619-627页

作者： Maxim Makhonin Anthonin Delphan Kok Wee Song Paul Walker Tommi Isoniemi Peter Claronino Konstantinos Orfanakis Sai Kiran Rajendran Hamid Ohadi Julian Heckötter Marc Assmann manfred Bayer Alexander Tartakovskii Maurice Skolnick Oleksandr Kyriienko Dmitry Krizhanovskii Department of Physics and Astronomy University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ExeterStocker RoadExeter EX44PYUK. SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK. Fakultät Physik TU DortmundAugust-Schmidt-Straße 444227 DortmundGermany

Rydberg excitons(analogues of Rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems)are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii.The interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity,with applications in sensing and quantum information processing.Here,we achieve strong effective photon–photon interactions(Kerr-like optical nonlinearity)via the Rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu2O-filled microresonator.Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density.Theoretical analysis shows that the Rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as∝n4.4±1.8 for principal quantum numbers up to n=7.Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high Rydberg optical nonlinearities,which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly correlated photonic(polaritonic)states in a solid state system.

关键词： density. Rydberg polar

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阀门零部件制造的高精密加工

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现代制造 2024年第1期 20-22页

作者： manfred Flohr 不详

Schroeder阀门公司生产的产品是一种保护工业企业泵类设备不受损伤的旁通保护阀。德国的能源转型,既给制造商带来了巨大的商机,也给他们带来了技术挑战:当热电厂在部分载荷工况下运行时,工业企业的生产设备需要新的安全保护装备。

关键词：泵类设备零部件制造保护阀能源转型载荷工况阀门制造商

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缩短切削加工时间的“秘诀”

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现代制造 2024年第4期 32-33页

作者： manfred Lerch 不详

Oskar Frech公司过去使用的是卧式四轴加工中心。在使用了五轴加工中心之后,同样零件的切削加工时间可缩短20%;随着经验的积累,切削加工的时间甚至缩短30%。一直以来,Oskar Frech公司被视为热芯盒和冷芯盒压铸技术领域中的市场领导者。

关键词：切削加工五轴加工中心压铸技术卧式四轴加工中心冷芯盒热芯盒市场领导者缩短

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Melanoma development: stage-dependent cancer competence of the melanocytic lineage

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第1期7卷 13-14页

作者： manfred Kunz Department of Dermatology Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center LeipzigPhilipp-Rosenthal-Str.2304155 LeipzigGermany

In a recent article in Science,Baggiolini et al.^(1) showed that the transforming ability of the BRAFM6QQE oncogene for melanoma development depends on the stage of the transformed melanocyte lineage cells.While neural crest cells and melanoblasts are vulnerable to malignant transformation in a zebrafish model,melanocytes only developed small patches of nevus-like cells after BRARJ6QQE expression.

关键词： expression. al. melan

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What the genome of the leafy seadragon teaches us about rapid evolution of camouflage and adaptations to life in the kelp forest

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2692-2693页

作者： manfred Schartl Developmental Biochemistry BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburg 97074Germany The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center Texas State UniversitySan Marcos 78666USA

The leafy seadragon(Phycodurus eques)or Glauert’s seadragon is one of the most ornately camouflaged creatures on this planet.It is found in temperate South Australian waters,where its colouration and gossamer leaf-shaped appendages give it excellent camouflage on kelp-covered rocky reefs.Leafy seadragons are very poor swimmers and rely on their camouflage to avoid predation.Reaching lengths up to 50 cm,they are relatively large compared with their next relatives,the pipefish.

关键词： dragon forest planet

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Histological remission of eosinophilic esophagitis under asthma therapy with IL-5 receptor monoclonal antibody:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第14期10卷 4502-4508页

作者： Marc Huguenot Anne-Catherine Bruhm manfred Essig Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Tiefenau HospitalBern 3004Switzerland

BACKGROUND Benralizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-5 receptor used in the treatment of asthma.The use of benralizumab in other conditions is only emerging and could represent a therapeutic option for other eosinophil-associated diseases.Here,we report the case of a patient suffering from eosinophilic esophagitis and asthma who achieved histological remission of eosinophilic esophagitis(EoE)under benralizumab treatment for his asthma.CASE SUMMARY Our patient was a 56-year-old white male with a history of eosinophilic esophagitis and severe asthma.After years of usual treatments,including topical steroids,biological treatment with mepolizumab,and standard asthma treatment,only poor control of both conditions was obtained.A control gastroscopy after the initiation of benralizumab showed complete histological remission of his EoE.CONCLUSION Our case shows the effects of therapy with a novel agent not yet approved for this condition but for other diseases,with histological resolution of EoE after treatment.Complete clinical remission was not observed,which exemplifies the complex nature of EoE,its associated psychosomatic burden,and the chronification of the disease.Nevertheless,monoclonal antibodies targeting the Th2 response and,in our case,an IL5 receptor antagonist,achieved complete histological remission,which was not the case with an antibody against IL-5,which was also initiated to treat asthma.

关键词： Eosinophilic esophagitis Benralizumab,Eosinophilic asthma Case report

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