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Level of education and mortality after radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第2期19卷 173-177页

作者： Michael Froehner Rainer Koch Stefan Propping Dorothea Liebeheim Matthias Hfibler Gustavo B Baretton Oliver W Hakenberg manfred P Wirth Department of Urology University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' Technische Universit~t Dresden Fetscherstrasse 74 D-01307 Dresden Germany Department of Medical Statistics and Biometry University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' Technische Universitat Dresden Fetscherstrasse 74 D-01307 Dresden Germany Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' Technische Universitat Dresden Fetscherstrasse 74 D-01307 Dresden Germany Department of Pathology University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' Technische Universitat Dresden Fetscherstrasse 74 D-01307 Dresden Germany Department of Urology University of Rostock Ernst-Heydemann-Strasse 6 D-18055 Rostock Germany

Estimating the risk of competing mortality is of importance in men with early prostate cancer to choose the most appropriate way of management and to avoid over- or under-treatment. In this study, we investigated the impact of the level of education in this context. The study sample consisted of 2630 patients with complete data on level of education （college, university degree, master craftsmen, comparable profession, or others）, histopathological tumor stage （organ confined or extracapsular）, lymph node status （negative or positive）, and prostatectomy specimen Gleason score （〈7, 7, or 8-10） who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1992 and 2007. Overall, prostate cancer-specific, competing, and second cancer-related mortalities were study endpoints. Cox proportional hazard models for competing risks were used to study combined effects of the variables on these endpoints. A higher level of education was independently associated with decreased overall mortality after radical prostatectomy （hazard ratio [HR]： 0.75, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]： 0.62-0.91, P = 0.0037）. The mortality difference was attributable to decreased second cancer mortality （HR： 0.59, 95% Ch 0.40-0.85, P = 0.0052） and noncancer mortality （HR： 0.73, 95% Ch 0.55-0.98, P = 0.0345） but not to differences in prostate cancer-specific mortality （HR： 1.16, 95% Ch 0.79-1.69, P = 0.4536 in the full model）. In conclusion, the level of education might serve as an independent prognostic parameter supplementary to age, comorbidity, and smoking status to estimate the risk of competing mortality and to choose optimal treatment for men with early prostate cancer who are candidates for radical prostatectomy.

关键词： comorbidity competing risk analysis level of education life expectancy mortality proportional hazards model prostate cancer radical prostatectomy smoking socioeconomic status

Metal Complexes:Novel Chiral Dopants with High Helical Twisting Power in Liquid Crystals

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 724-725页

作者： manfred Braun R.Fleischer A.Hahn M.Engelmann S.Schlecht Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry University of DuesseldorfD-40225 DuesseldorfGermany

1 Introduction A particularly efficient and elegant route to chiral mesophases is based on the addition of small amounts of an enantiomerically pure dopant to a nematic phase so that the latter is converted into a cholesteric phase(See Fig.1).Fig.1 A nematic phase is converted into a cholesteric phase Fig.2 Bis-chelated imine-alkoxy-titanium complexes2 ExperimetalBis-chelated imine-alkoxy-titanium complexes like 1 and 2 (Fig.2) have been synthesizedstarting from triphenyl-substituted aminoethanols, T...

关键词： metal complexes novel chiral dopants liguid crystals

On the Elementary Mechanical Effects of the Space-Time-Symmetry Relativity

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Natural Science 2020年第9期12卷 661-665页

作者： Mikhail Petelin manfred Thumm Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhny Novgorod Russia Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

This paper is an addendum to the article “On the Evolution of Approaches to the Space- Time Symmetry”, Natural Science, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 81-84, 2018. The analysis is based on the Galileo’s postulate that all inertial reference frames are equal. The postulate results immediately in the absolute speed limit, which is identical for all bodies in all reference frames. Two kinds of elementary particles are admitted: unhurried and restless ones (ex-emplified, accordingly, with electrons and photons). Any particle may be treated as wave packet, the particle mass and momentum depending on the reference frame. Thus, space-time-sym- metry is the natural background for the relativistic and quantum theo-ries.

关键词： Absolute Speed Limit Restless and Unhurried Elementary Particles Particle Wave Packets Mass-Momentum Relation

Bertalanffy-Pütter Models for the Growth of Tropical Trees and Stands

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2020年第4期8卷 73-87页

作者： Norbert Brunner manfred Kühleitner Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research (DIBB) University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna Austria

The Bertalanffy-Pütter (BP) five-parameter growth model provides a versatile framework for the modeling of growth. Using data from a growth experiment in literature about the average size-at-age of 24 species of tropical trees over ten years in the same area, we identified their best-fit BP-model parameters. While different species had different best-fit exponent-pairs, there was a model with a good fit to 21 (87.5%) of the data (“Good fit” means a normalized root-mean-squared-error NRMSE below 2.5%. This threshold was the 95% quantile of the lognormal distribution that was fitted to the NRMSE values for the best-fit models for the data). In view of the sigmoidal character of this model despite the early stand we discuss whether the setting of the growth experiment may have impeded growth.

关键词： Bertalanffy-Pütter (BP) Differential Equation Growth Model Normalized Root-Mean-Squared-Error (NRMSE) Simulated Annealing

EGFR and HER2 expression in advanced biliary tract cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第36期15卷 4511-4517页

作者： Jan Harder Oliver Waiz Florian Otto Michael Geissler manfred Olschewski Brigitte Weinhold Hubert E Blum Annette Schmitt-Graeff Oliver G Opitz Department of MedicineⅡ University Medical CenterD-79106 Freiburg Germany Tumorzentrum Ludwig Heilmeyer- Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg D-79106 Freiburg Germany Tumorzentrum ZeTuP St.GallenSwitzerland and Department of MedicineⅠUniversity Medical Center D-79106 FreiburgGermany Department of Medicine Gastroenterology and OncologyMunicipal Hospital EsslingenGermany Department of Medical Biometry und Statistics University of FreiburgD-79106 FreiburgGermany Annette Schmitt-Graeff Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical CenterD-79106 Freiburg Germany

AIM:To analyze the pathogenetic role and potential clinical usefulness of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer(BTC). METHODS:EGFR and HER2 expression was studied in biopsy samples from 124 patients(51%women; median age 64.8 years),with advanced BTC diagnosed between 1997 and *** micrometers sections of paraffin embedded tissue were examined by standard, FDA approved *** with scores of 2+or 3+for HER2 expression on immunochemistry were additionally tested for HER2 gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridisation(FISH).RESULTS:34/124 patients(27.4%)had gallbladder cancer,47(37.9%)had intrahepatic BTC and 43(34.7%)had extrahepatic or perihilar *** expression was examined in a subset of 56 samples. EGFR expression was absent in 22/56 tumors(39.3%). Of the remaining samples expression was scored as 1+in 12(21.5%),2+in 13(23.2%)and 3+in 9(16%), ***2 expression was as follows:score 0 73/124(58.8%),score 1+27/124(21.8%),score 2+ 21/124(17%)and score 3+4/124(3.2%).HER2 gene amplification was present in 6/124,resulting in an overall amplification rate of 5%. CONCLUSION:Our data suggest that routine testing and therapeutic targeting of HER2 does not seem to be useful in patients with BTC,while targeting EGFR may be promising.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder cancer Chemotherapy Targeted therapy

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温带典型草地土壤净氮矿化作用研究

环境科学 2007年第3期28卷 633-639页

作者：刘杏认董云社齐玉春 manfred Domroes 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 Institute of Geography Mainz UniversityMainz55099Germany

应用树脂芯方法,研究了内蒙古锡林河流域不同降水强度3种草地类型土壤净氮矿化作用.结果表明,7～10月份,羊草草原的平均净氮矿化率为0.333kg.(hm2.d)-1,贝加尔针茅草原为0.316kg.(hm2.d)-1,克氏针茅草原为0.211kg.(hm2.d)-1;在相同的培... 详细信息

应用树脂芯方法,研究了内蒙古锡林河流域不同降水强度3种草地类型土壤净氮矿化作用.结果表明,7～10月份,羊草草原的平均净氮矿化率为0.333kg.(hm2.d)-1,贝加尔针茅草原为0.316kg.(hm2.d)-1,克氏针茅草原为0.211kg.(hm2.d)-1;在相同的培养周期内,分阶段培养和连续培养对土壤的净氮矿化量和净氮矿化速率有显著影响;降雨是影响该区域氮素矿化的主要因素之一,3种草地类型土壤水分变化量与土壤净氮矿化速率呈正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.80、0.61、0.56.

关键词：温带草原树脂芯法净氮矿化

经典中的经典——《马克思恩格斯全集》历史考证版(MEGA)的历史、编辑语文学基础与视角

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现代哲学 2010年第1期 1-6页

作者： manfred Neuhaus 符鸽德国柏林科学院马克思恩格斯全集MEGA2编辑部北京大学哲学系

本文主要通过《马克思恩格斯全集》历史考证版(MEGA)的出版历史的概述以及对MEGA1和MEGA2的编辑出版过程中以严格学术标准对语文学和文本学原则的坚持与创新的探讨,试图阐明MEGA的引导原则,并且举例说明MEGA2的编辑出版工作对关于马克... 详细信息

本文主要通过《马克思恩格斯全集》历史考证版(MEGA)的出版历史的概述以及对MEGA1和MEGA2的编辑出版过程中以严格学术标准对语文学和文本学原则的坚持与创新的探讨,试图阐明MEGA的引导原则,并且举例说明MEGA2的编辑出版工作对关于马克思和恩格斯的学术研究、尤其是对马克思恩格斯著作的历史定位和智力语境的理解具有重要意义。

关键词： MEGA2 版本语文学马克思恩格斯

Dielectric Properties and the Phase Transition of Pure and Cerium Doped Calcium-Barium-Niobate

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2012年第2期2卷 80-84页

作者： Alexander Niemer Rainer Pankrath Klaus Betzler manfred Burianek manfred Muehlberg Department of Physics University of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany Institute of Crystallography University of Cologne Cologne Germany

The complex dielectric constant of pure and cerium doped calcium-barium-niobate (CBN) was studied at frequencies 20 Hz ≤ f ≤ 1 MHz in the temperature range 300 K ≤ T ≤ 650 K and compared with the results for the well known ferroelectric relaxor strontium-barium-niobate (SBN). By the analysis of the systematically taken temperature and frequency dependent measurements of the dielectric constant the phase transition characteristic of the investigated materials was evaluated. From the results it must be assumed that CBN shows a slightly diffuse phase transition without relaxor behavior. Doping with cerium yields a definitely different phase transition characteristic with some indications for a relaxor type ferroelectric material, which are common from SBN.

关键词： 77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and Antiferroelectricity 77.80.Jk Relaxor Ferroelectrics 77.84.Ek Niobates and Tantalates 77.22.Ch Permittivity (Dielectric Function)

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多重条纹辐射测量技术(英文)

高速摄影与光子学 1990年第1期19卷 1-8页

作者： manfred Held Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm 8898 Schrobenhausen West Germany

通常采用转镜扫描相机直接观测高爆试验药柱周边的爆炸贯穿,或借助于两个平面反射镜,用转镜扫描相机观测药柱周边完全相反部位的爆炸贯穿,记录隅角迴转距离。利用火花隙技术和锥形内反射棱镜,可以获得圆形试验药柱贯穿的多重记录,这种... 详细信息

通常采用转镜扫描相机直接观测高爆试验药柱周边的爆炸贯穿,或借助于两个平面反射镜,用转镜扫描相机观测药柱周边完全相反部位的爆炸贯穿,记录隅角迴转距离。利用火花隙技术和锥形内反射棱镜,可以获得圆形试验药柱贯穿的多重记录,这种新方法被称为多重条纹辐射测量技术。

关键词：爆炸测量多重条纹辐射测量技术