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含能材料 2003年第1期11卷 8-12页

作者： manfred held TDW/EADS 86523 Schrobenhausen

采用沟槽中充满炸药的V形装置,可以连续测量和分析网络炸药线之间所允许的最小距离,这个距离是炸药线和它后面相临的炸药线之间时间差的函数。通过两个例子来讨论了这种技术和方法。对于特殊的网络炸药装置,这种性能和知识是很重要的。

关键词：网络炸药装置爆轰 V形装置炸药线最小距离

Defeating Mechanisms of Armours for Main Battle Tanks

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2005年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： manfred held TDW/EADS 86523 Schrobenhausen Germany

The fundamental protection principles of the new armours for main battle tanks against kinetic energy projectiles (KE) and chemical energy weapons (CE)--shaped charges are shortly described and their efficiency against both threats discussed. The armour topics can be split into: "perpendicular or zero-degree armours", such as rolled homogeneous armour (RHA), also with extremely high strength, ceramics, glass, liquid filled columns and explosive filled cells,"inclined armours", as spaced RHA plates with their corner effects, bulging armour, additive and integrated explosive reactive armours (ERA) and "hard kill active defence possibilities" in different defeating distances.

关键词：主战坦克被动装甲反应装甲主动防御

Overview of Anti-tank Mines

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2006年第1期2卷 22-32页

作者： manfred held TDW/EADS Schrobenhausen 86523 Germany

First the different anti-tank mines laying possibilities are shortly summarized: hand emplaced, with mine layers, ground or helicopter relatively topographical well defined, and with cluster systems of projectiles, rockets and aircraft dispensers. Then examples of the three generations of anti-tank mines are presented:Ⅰ generation: detonating only beneath the track; Ⅱ generation: detonating beneath the track and belly;Ⅲ generation: mines with off-route actions. Weight and cost comparisons are strongly favoring the off-route Ⅲ-generation mines.

关键词：坦克生产系统重量成本

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多重条纹辐射测量技术(英文)

高速摄影与光子学 1990年第1期19卷 1-8页

作者： manfred held Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm 8898 Schrobenhausen West Germany

通常采用转镜扫描相机直接观测高爆试验药柱周边的爆炸贯穿,或借助于两个平面反射镜,用转镜扫描相机观测药柱周边完全相反部位的爆炸贯穿,记录隅角迴转距离。利用火花隙技术和锥形内反射棱镜,可以获得圆形试验药柱贯穿的多重记录,这种... 详细信息

通常采用转镜扫描相机直接观测高爆试验药柱周边的爆炸贯穿,或借助于两个平面反射镜,用转镜扫描相机观测药柱周边完全相反部位的爆炸贯穿,记录隅角迴转距离。利用火花隙技术和锥形内反射棱镜,可以获得圆形试验药柱贯穿的多重记录,这种新方法被称为多重条纹辐射测量技术。

关键词：爆炸测量多重条纹辐射测量技术

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条形爆炸逻辑器件之功能研究(英文)

高速摄影与光子学 1991年第3期20卷 316-322页

作者： manfred held Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm GmbH 8898 Schrobenhausen Germany

通过敞式观察条纹技术(OVST)和火花隙或者多条纹技术(MST)相配合,可以较为简单地让条形起爆逻辑器件(这里是指一种8管条形同步引信)理想引爆,随之使传爆药栓点火并妥善传爆到总管烈性炸药。

关键词：条形爆炸起爆器件起爆传爆

炸药爆轰过程中反应生成物的传播研究(英文)

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含能材料 2005年第6期13卷 355-358页

作者： held manfred TDW/EADS 86523 Schrobenhausen Germany

对圆筒型装药发生爆轰后的反应物的传播过程进行了研究,分析了轴向平均速度、径向平均速度和实际传播速度与时间和距离的函数关系。

关键词：爆炸力学传播爆轰产物炸药圆筒试验爆轰机理

爆轰波面轮廓及其旋转对称性的同时观测 (英文)

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光子学报 1997年第1期26卷 76-81页

作者： manfred held(TDW-Gesellschaft fur verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH 86 523 Schrobenhausen Germany) TDW-Cesellschaft fur verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme 德国

利用间隙技术并靠一个专用模板，就能仅通过一次试验而对爆轰波面轮廓进行记录，辽河对其不同对称程度和旋转对称性加以详细分析．

关键词：多纹影技术爆轰轮廓爆轰波旋转对称性

Exposure to sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone alters sexual behavior and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in Heriades truncorum,an oligolectic solitary bee

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 859-869页

作者： Samuel Boff manfred Ayasse Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

The aboveground oligolectic bee,Heriades truncorum,is a particularly good model for studying the impact of pesticides on sexual communication,since some aspects of its mating behavior have previously been *** have tested(1)the interference of the pesticide flupyradifurone on male precopulatory behavior and male mating partner preferences,(2)the way that the pesticide interferes in male quality assessment by the female,and(3)the effects of the pesticide on the chemical compounds in the female *** exposed bees of both sexes to a sublethal concentration of *** behaviors were registered in a mating arena with two females(one unexposed and one exposed)and one male(either unexposed or exposed).Unexposed males were quicker to attempt to *** also impacted precopulatory behavior and male quality assessment by *** approached unexposed females more quickly than insecticideexposed *** exposed to insecticide produced lower amounts of some cuticular hydrocarbons(sex pheromone candidates)and appeared less choosy than unexposed *** findings suggest that insecticide exposure affects sexual communication,playing a role both in male preference and in male quality assessment by the female.

关键词： courtship display female choice flupyradifurone male partner preference sex communication sublethal effects

A simulation study on spatial and time resolution for a cost-effective positron emission particle tracking system

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 312-322页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Matthias Steinke Miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius Thomas held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

This work is the second part of a simulation study investigating the processing of densely packed and moving granular assemblies by positron emission particle tracking (PEPT).Since medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners commonly used for PEPT are very expensive,a PET-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillator bars is being developed and tested for its *** this context,the spatial resolution of a resting positron source,a source moving on a freely designed model path,and a particle motion given by a discrete element method (DEM) simulation is studied using Monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit *** not only extended the simulation and reconstruction to a moving source but also significantly improved the spatial resolution compared to previous work by adding oversampling and iteration to the reconstruction ***,in the case of a source following a trajectory developed from DEM simulations,a very good resolution of about 1 mm in all three directions and an average 3D deviation between simulated and reconstructed events of 2.3 mm could be ***,the resolution for realistic particle motion within the generic grate system (which is the test rig for further experimental studies) is well below the smallest particle *** simulation of the dependence of the reconstruction accuracy on tracer particle location revealed a nearly constant efficiency within the entire detector system,which demonstrates that boundary effects can be neglected.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Monte Carlo method Time-of-flight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPMs)

A simulation study for a cost-effective PET-like detector system intended to track particles in granular assemblies

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 117-125页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Antonios Athanassiadis Miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius Thomas held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer Matthias Steinke Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

Since many industrial applications rely on the processing of densely packed and moving granular ma-terial,obtaining bulk internal information on the particle movement inside the reactors is of great *** information can be delivered by Positron Emission Particle Tracking(PEPT).By marking pellets with a positron-emitting radioisotope,the position of these tracer particles can be determined via the time-of-flight differences of the emitted gamma-ray *** current paper proposes a PET-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillators instead of the more common but expensive inorganic *** system is currently under construction and was tested for its resolution and efficiency in this simulation *** Monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit Geant4,three different geometries(an empty glass box,a generic grate system,and a cubic box of 1 m3 completely filled with pellets)were investigated,leading to a spatial resolution in the millimeter range and an efficiency,defined as the ratio of reconstructed decay locations to simulated decays,of 2.7%,1.4%,and 0.3%.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Geant4 Monte Carlo method Time-of-flight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPMs)