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Cellulosomal hemicellulases:Indispensable players for ensuring effective lignocellulose bioconversion

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 57-69页

作者： Min Xiao Ya-Jun Liu Edward A.bayer Akihiko Kosugi Qiu Cui Yingang Feng CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomolecular Sciences The Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8499000Israel Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS)1-1 OhwashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan

The bioconversion of lignocellulose has attracted global attention,due to the significant potential of agricultural and forestry wastes as renewable zero-carbon resources and the urgent need for substituting fossil *** cellulosome system is a multi-enzyme complex produced by anaerobic bacteria,which comprises cellulases,hemicellulases,and associated enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that promote biomass *** enhance their efficiency in degrading recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrices,cellulosomes have been employed to construct biocatalysts for lignocellulose bioconversion,such as consolidated bioprocessing and consolidated ***,the second most abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls,hold valuable application potential but can also induce inhibitory effects on cellulose hydrolysis,thus highlighting the indispensable roles of hemicellulases within the cellulosome *** review evaluated current research on cellulosomal hemicellulases,comparing their types,abundance,and regulation,primarily focusing on eight known cellulosome-producing species of different *** also reviewed their growth conditions,their hemicellulose-degrading capabilities,and the inhibitory effects of hemicellulose on cellulosome-based lignocellulose ***,we proposed strategies for targeted enhancement of hemicellulase in cellulosomes to improve lignocellulose bioconversion in future studies.

关键词： Cellulosome Lignocellulose Hemicellulase Saccharification Biocatalyst

血小板源性生长因子BB调控缺氧诱导因子1α表达在缺氧性肺动脉高压新生大鼠肺血管重塑中的机制研究

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中华新生儿科杂志（中英文） 2024年第3期39卷 168-176页

作者：杨延青巴依尔才次克郭鑫王乐新疆医科大学儿科学院乌鲁木齐830054 新疆医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科乌鲁木齐830054 商丘市中医院儿科商丘476000

目的探讨血小板源性生长因子BB(platelet-derived growth factor-BB,PDGF-BB)是否通过调控缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia induced factor-1 alpha,HIF-1α)表达促进肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖以及参与缺氧性肺动脉高压(hypoxic pulmonary hypertension,HPH)的肺血管重塑。方法160只Wistar新生大鼠按随机数字表法分为常氧组、HPH组、常氧+PDGF-BB组、HPH+PDGF-BB组、HPH+PDGF-BB抑制剂(STI571)组,每组各32只,每组再分为第3、7、14、21天4个亚组,每组8只。PDGF-BB组经尾静脉注射载有PDGF-BB的腺病毒、HPH+STI571组给予STI571灌胃;缺氧建立新生大鼠HPH模型,建模后第3、7、14、21天检测平均右心室收缩压(right ventricular systolic pressure,RVSP),苏木素-伊红染色观察肺小动脉形态变化及检测肺血管重塑指标,免疫组化测定各组PDGF-BB、HIF-1α及增殖相关蛋白核蛋白Ki67在肺血管中的表达部位和表达水平,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测肺组织中PDGF-BB、HIF-1α及Ki67的mRNA水平。结果各时间点HPH组RVSP均高于常氧组(P<0.05),HPH+PDGF-BB组RVSP均高于HPH组(P<0.05),HPH+STI571组RVSP均低于HPH+PDGF-BB组与HPH组(P<0.05);建模后第3天HPH+PDGF-BB组发生肺血管重塑,第7天常氧+PDGF-BB组和HPH组发生肺血管重塑,HPH+STI571组肺血管重塑出现较晚且程度较其他缺氧组轻;第3、7、21天HPH+PDGF-BB组PDGF-BB、HIF-1α、Ki67蛋白及mRNA表达水平均高于其他组(P<0.05),各时间点HPH+STI571组PDGF-BB、HIF-1α、Ki67蛋白及mRNA表达水平均低于HPH+PDGF-BB组和HPH组(P<0.05)。结论PDGF-BB通过上调HIF-1α表达水平促进肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖、加重肺血管重塑,从而提高HPH新生大鼠肺动脉压力。

关键词：血小板源性生长因子BB 缺氧诱导因子1α 肺动脉高压血管重塑新生大鼠

A soil quality index for subtropical sandy soils under different Eucalyptus harvest residue managements

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 243-255页

作者： Jackson Freitas Brilhante de Sao José Maurício Roberto Cherubin Luciano Kayser Vargas Bruno Brito Lisboa Josiléia Acordi Zanatta Elias Frank Araújo Cimélio bayer Department of Agricultural Research and Diagnosis Agriculture SecretariatLivestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul.570Goncalves Dias St.Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Soil Science “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture/University of Sao PauloPadua Dias Ave 11PiracicabaSao PauloBrazil Embrapa Floretas Estrada da Ribeirakm 111ColomboParanáBrazil CMPC Celulose RiograndenseSao Geraldo St.GuaíbaRio Grande do Sul 1680Brazil Department of Soil Science Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil

Eucalyptus harvest residues are attractive energy production resources for the forestry ***,their removal can have adverse impacts on soil quality and forest productivity,especially in sandy *** this study,we assessed the effects of Eucalyptus harvest residue managements with variable intensity on forest productivity and on physical,chemical,and biological indicators of the soil *** experiment was conducted in a Quartzipsamment(33 g kg-1clay)planted with Eucalyptus saligna in Barra do Ribeiro in southern *** the Eucalyptus was planted,residues from the previous rotation were subjected to five different management treatments:(1)FRM,in which all forest residues(bark,branches,leaves,and litter)were allowed to remain on the soil and only trunk wood was removed;(2)FRMB,in which was identical to FRM except that bark was also removed;(3)FRMBr,in which only trunk wood and branches were removed;(4)FRR,which involved removing all types of residues(bark,branches,leaves,and litter);and,(5)FRRs,in which all forest residues from the previous rotation were removed,and leaves and branches from the new plantation were prevented from falling onto the soil surface using a shade *** years after planting,soil samples were collected at four different depths(0-2.5,2.5-5,5-10,and 10-20 cm)to determine 17 soil chemical,physical,and biological *** results were combined into a soil quality index(SQI)using the principal component analysis *** SQI reduced by 30%,in the 0-20 cm layer,due to removal of harvest residues from the previous rotation,and collection of litter before it falls on the *** main drivers of SQI reduction were the principal components associated with soil organic matter and biological ***,the SQI was positively linearly related to tree height at P<0.01 and to tree diameter at breast height at P=*** adverse impact on soil quality and forest productivity in our study indicates that removal

关键词： Forest residues Soil health Soil organic carbon Microbial biomass Soil conservation

Response of hydrological drought to meteorological drought in the eastern Mediterranean Basin of Turkey

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第5期13卷 470-486页

作者： Türkan bayer ALTIN Bekir N ALTIN Department of Geography Faculty of Science and LettersNiğdeÖmer Halisdemir UniversityNiğde 51240Turkey

The hydrographic eastern Mediterranean Basin of Turkey is a drought sensitive *** basin is an important agricultural area and it is necessary to determine the extent of extreme regional climatic changes as they occur in this ***’s correlation coefficient was used to show the correlation between standardized precipitation index(SPI)and standardized streamflow index(SSI)values on different time *** from five meteorological stations and seven stream gauging stations in four sub-basins of the eastern Mediterranean Basin were analyzed over the period from 1967 to *** correlation between SSI and SPI indicated that in response to meteorological drought,hydrological drought experiences a one-year delay then occurs in the following *** is more evident at all stations from the mid-1990 *** main factor causing hydrological drought is prolonged low precipitation or the presence of a particularly dry *** showed that over a long period(12 months),hydrological drought is longer and more severe in the upper part than the lower part of the *** to SPI-12 values,an uninterrupted drought period is observed from 2002–2003 to 2008–*** indicated that among the drought events,moderate drought is the most common on all timescales in all sub-basins during the past 51 ***-term dry periods with moderate and severe droughts are observed for up to 10 years or more since the late 1990 s,especially in the upper part of the *** precipitation increases in late autumn and early winter,the stream flow also increases and thus the highest and most positive correlation values(0.26–0.54)are found in *** values(ranging between–0.11 and–0.01)are weaker and negative in summer and autumn due to low *** is more evident at all stations in *** relation between hydrological and meteorological droughts is more evident,with the correlation values above 0.50 on longer timescales(12-and 24-month

关键词： meteorological drought hydrological drought standardized precipitation index(SPI) standardized streamflow index(SSI) eastern Mediterranean Basin

The Effect of a Food Supplement and a Hair Lotion on the Progression of Androgenetic Alopecia

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第4期9卷 292-304页

作者： Michael bayer manfred Gahrtz Werner Voss Gerrit Schlippe Thomas Whitfield Dermatest GmbH Münster Germany Oxford Biolabs Deutschland GmbH Regensburg Germany Oxford Biolabs Ltd. Oxford UK

Background: Progressing androgenetic alopecia (AGA), in both sexes, can result in severe distress. Treatments with the capacity to slow down the progression of AGA, or even to bring it to a halt, and at the same time don’t come with side effects are consequently highly sought for. Therefore this study investigates the effect of an over-the-counter nutritional supplement and a similarly formulated topical hair lotion on the progression of AGA. Methods: Seventy-nine healthy study participants of both sexes, who were diagnosed with AGA were divided into 4 study groups. The subjects of the first group were treated with the nutritional supplement, the subjects of the second group with the topical hair lotion, the subjects of the third group with both products, and the subjects of the fourth group served as a no-treatment control. At the beginning and at the end of this nine-month study, the participants were evaluated for their hair loss status. They also answered a questionnaire for self-assessment. A part of the subjects from each study group were further analysed by phototrichography, in order to measure the number of anagen and telogen hairs. Results: It turned out that the supplement, the lotion as well as the treatment with both products not only lead to a reduction in hair loss but also to an increased anagen to telogen hair ratio, whereas no such effects could be measured for the control group. Conclusion: The results show that a systemic delivery via a nutritional supplement, as well as a follicular delivery via a topically applied lotion, both resulted in a reduced hair loss rate as well as in an increased anagen to telogen hair ratio. This demonstrates that the tested formulation is effectively slowing down the progression of AGA.

关键词： Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) Nutritional Supplement Topical Hair Treatment L-Carnitine Zinc

Revealing true coupling strengths in two-dimensional spectroscopy with sparsity-based signal recovery

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 322-327页

作者： Hadas Frostig Tim bayer Yonina C Eldar Yaron Silberberg Department of Physics of Complex Systems Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel Institut für Physik Carl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgOldenburg 26129Germany Department of Electrical Engineering TechnionHaifa 32000Israel

Two-dimensional(2D)spectroscopy is used to study the interactions between energy levels in both the field of optics and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).Conventionally,the strength of interaction between two levels is inferred from the value of their common off-diagonal peak in the 2D spectrum,which is termed the cross ***,stronger diagonal peaks often have long tails that extend into the locations of the cross peaks and alter their ***,we introduce a method for retrieving the true interaction strengths by using sparse signal recovery techniques and apply our method in 2D Raman spectroscopy experiments.

关键词： multidimensional spectroscopy nonlinear optics sparsity-based algorithms

THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE ENANTIOMER RESOLUTION OF TFA-Ala-OMe, TFA-Ala-Ala-OMe, AND TFA-Ala-Ala-Ala-OMe BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY ON CHIRASIL-VAL

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Science China Chemistry 1991年第7期34卷 769-776页

作者：林炳承 E.bayer V.MUSCHALEK B.KOPPENHOEFER Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Academia SinicaDalian 116012 PRC Instisut

TFA-Ala-OMe, TFA-Ala-Ala-OMe, and TFA-Ala-Ala-Ala-OMe can be separated into 1, 2, and 4 enantiomeric pairs, respectively, by GC on the chiral stationary phase Chirasil-Val. The selectivity of the chiral stationary phase for the different stereoisomers is controlled by both interaction enthalpy and interaction entropy. The interaction enthalpy is approximately proportional to the number of Ala units. Although the whole molecule is involved in the interaction, the C-terminus plays an important role. The elution order of DDD- and LLL-TFA-Ala-Ala-Ala-OMe is opposite to the order of the enhalpy values, and the ratio of net retention data t’r(DDD)/t’r(LLL) is increased with increasing temperature. By lowering the temperature, peak crossing of the enantiomeric pair has been observed. Below the isoselective temperature Tiso’ the order of elution is ruled by the enthalpy of interaction, above Tiso by the entropy of interaction.

关键词： gas chromatography enantiomer resolution oligopeptides Chirasil-Val thermodynamic analysis reversal of peak order.

SMRT-AgRenSeq-d in potato (Solanum tuberosum) as a method to identify candidates for the nematode resistance Gpa5

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Horticulture Research 2023年第11期10卷 271-279页

作者： Yuhan Wang Lynn H.Brown Thomas M.Adams Yuk Woon Cheung Jie Li Vanessa Young Drummond T.Todd Miles R.Armstrong Konrad Neugebauer Amanpreet Kaur Brian Harrower Stan Oome Xiaodan Wang Micha bayer Ingo Hein Division of Plant Sciences at the Hutton The University of DundeeErrol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK The James Hutton Institute Errol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK College of Plant Protection China Agricultural UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing100083China James Hutton Limited The James Hutton InstituteErrol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland Errol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK Crop Research Centre TeagascOak ParkCarlow R93 XE12Ireland HZPC Research B.V.HZPC Edisonweg 58501 XG JoureNetherlands

Potato is the thirdmost important food crop in *** pathogens threaten sustainable crop production but can be controlled,in many cases,through the deployment of disease resistance genes belonging to the family of nucleotide-binding,leucine-rich-repeat(NLR)*** identify effective disease resistance genes in established varieties,we have successfully established SMRT-AgRenSeq in tetraploid potatoes and have further enhanced the methodology by including dRenSeq in an approach that we term *** inclusion of dRenSeq enables the filtering of candidates after the association analysis by establishing a presence/absence matrix across resistant and susceptible varieties that is translated into an F1 *** a SMRT-RenSeq-based sequence representation of the NLRome from the cultivar Innovator,SMRT-AgRenSeq-d analyses reliably identified the late blight resistance benchmark genes Rpi-R1,Rpi-R2-like,Rpi-R3a,and Rpi-R3b in a panel of 117 varieties with variable phenotype *** benchmark genes were identified with an F1 score of 1,which indicates absolute linkage in the *** method also identified nine strong candidates for Gpa5 that controls the potato cyst nematode(PCN)species Globodera pallida(pathotypes Pa2/3).Assuming that NLRs are involved in controlling many types of resistances,SMRT-AgRenSeq-d can readily be applied to diverse crops and pathogen systems.

关键词： resistance linkage crops

Dynamics of Complex Intracontinental Basins 2008

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