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Antibody and T cell responses against wild-type and Omicron sARs-CoV-2 after third-dose BNT162b2 in adolescents

signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第1期8卷 266-275页

作者： Xiaofeng Mu Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Jaime s.Rosa Duque samuel M.s.Cheng Yuet Chung Howard H.W.Wong Amos M.T.Lee Wing Yan Li Issan Y.s.Tam Jennifer H.Y.Lam Derek H.L.Lee sau Man Chan Leo C.H.Tsang karl C.k.Chan John k.C.Li Leo L.H.Luk sara Chaothai kelvin k.H.kwan Nym Coco Chu Masashi Mori Trushar Jeevan Ahmed kandeil Richard JWebby Wenwei Tu sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HkU-Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina school of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Infectious Diseases St Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Centre for Immunology&Infection C2i Hong KongChina

The high effectiveness of the third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy adolescents against Omicron BA.1 has been reported in some studies,but immune responses conferring this protection are not yet *** this analysis,our study(NCT04800133)aims to evaluate the humoral and cellular responses against wild-type and Omicron(BA.1,BA.2 and/or BA.5)sARs-CoV-2 before and after a third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy *** 5 months after 2 doses,s IgG,s IgG Fc receptor-binding,and neutralising antibody responses waned significantly,yet neutralising antibodies remained detectable in all tested adolescents and s IgG avidity increased from 1 month after 2 *** antibody responses and s-specific IFN-γ^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)T cell responses were significantly boosted in healthy adolescents after a homologous third dose of *** to adults,humoral responses for the third dose were non-inferior or superior in *** s-specific IFN-γ^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell responses in adolescents and adults were comparable or ***,after 3 doses,adolescents had preserved s IgG,s IgG avidity,s IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,against Omicron BA.2,as well as preserved cellular responses against BA.1 s and moderate neutralisation levels against BA.1,BA.2 and *** from 100 and 96%of adolescents tested at 1 and 5 months after two doses could also neutralise *** study found high antibody and T cell responses,including potent cross-variant reactivity,after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents in its current formulation,suggesting that current vaccines can be protective against symptomatic Omicron disease.

关键词： doses neutral protective

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Groundwater recharge rates and surface runoff response to land use and land cover changes in semi-arid environments

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 195-215页

作者： s.O.Owuor k.Butterbach-Bahl A.C.Guzha M.C.Rufino D.E.Pelster E.Diaz-Pines L.Breuer Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research(IMK-IFU)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Kreuzeckbahnstr.1982467 Garmisch-PartenkirchenGermany International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) Old Naivasha Rd.P.O.Box 30709-00100NairobiKenya United states Forest service c/o CIFORWorld Agroforestry CentreUnited Nations Avenue GigiriP.O.Box 30677-00100NairobiKenya Center for International Forestry Research(CIFOR) C/o World Agroforestry CentreUnited Nations Avenue GigiriP.O.Box 30677-00100NairobiKenya Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management(ILR) Research Centre for BioSystemsLand Use and Nutrition(iFZ)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 2635392 GiessenGermany Centre for International Development and Environmental Research(ZEU) Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The effects of land use and land cover(LULC)on groundwater recharge and surface runoff and how these are affected by LULC changes are of interest for sustainable water resources ***,there is limited quantitative evidence on how changes to LULC in semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions affect the subsurface components of the hydrologic cycle,particularly groundwater *** water resource management in these regions requires conclusive evidence and understanding of the effects of LULC changes on groundwater recharge and surface *** reviewed a total of 27 studies(2 modeling and 25 experimental),which reported on pre-and post land use change groundwater recharge or surface runoff magnitude,and thus allowed to quantify the response of groundwater recharge rates and runoff to *** between initial and subsequent LULC indicate that forests have lower groundwater recharge rates and runoff than the other investigated land uses in semi-arid tropical/subtropical *** of bare land induces a decrease in groundwater recharge from 42% of precipitation to between 6 and 12% depending on the final *** forests are cleared for rangelands,groundwater recharge increases by 7.8±12.6%,while conversion to cropland or grassland results in increases of 3.4±2.5 and 4.4±3.3%,*** of bare land to cropland results in surface runoff reductions of between 5.2 and 7.3%.The conversion of forest vegetation to managed LULC shows an increase in surface runoff from 1 to 14.1% depending on the final *** runoff was reduced from 2.5 to 1.1% when grassland is converted to forest *** there is general consistency in the results from the selected case studies,we conclude that there are few experimental studies that have been conducted in tropical and subtropical semi-arid regions,despite that many people rely heavily on groundwater for their ***,there is an urgent need to increase th

关键词： Groundwater recharge rate Infiltration surface runoff semi-arid Land use change Land cover change

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Development of Advanced Biomass Cookstove and Performance Comparisons Using the Modified star Rating Methodology

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Energy Engineering 2021年第5期118卷 1237-1251页

作者： Himanshu kunwar Pal sanjeev Jain s.k.Tyagi Department of Energy science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi110016India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi110016India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi110016India

A disruptive approach to a fundamental process has been applied in a biomass combustion device with two variable speed fans to supply air for gasification and another for combustion processes,***,the preheating of secondary air,required for combustion process was also ensured through annulus chamber before being fed into the combustion *** turbulent flow and homogenous mixing were also ensured by controlling the flow rate resulting in the reduced emissions of carbon monoxide(CO)and fine particulate matter(PM 2.5,particulate matter having aerodynamic diametersign approach applied here has also ensured the homogeneous mixing of preheated air with the volatiles,resulted in cleaner *** arrangement has led to the emissions of PM2.5 and CO much better than those of the earlier cookstove models,and very close to that of a liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)***,the comparative analysis based on the modified star rating of total 15(14 are biomass and another LPG)cookstove models tested using the same standard methodology has been done and presented in this *** on the star rating,the performance of the LPG stove was found to be best and assigned as a 5-star product followed by the IITD model(4-star),while the other 13 models got different ratings starting from 1-star to 3-star,***,the thermal performance of the IITD cookstove model is found to be the highest,while the emission characteristics are found to be the least among all biomass cookstove models,presented here.

关键词： star rating biomass pellet cookstove thermal performance fine particulate matter(PM2.5) carbon monoxide

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study of the Unsteady Condensation of Moist Air in shock Tube

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Journal of Thermal science 2004年第3期13卷 235-244页

作者： s.-C. BAEk s.-B. kWON H.-D. kIM T. sETOGUCHI s. MATsUO Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University 1370 Sankyuk-dong Daegu 702-701 Korea school of Mechanical Engineering Andong National University Songchun-dong Andong 760-749 Korea Department of Mechanical system Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan

The major flow physics of the unsteady condensation in the subsonic flows induced by the unsteady expansion waves in shock tube was studied in this paper. The unsteady condensation phenomenon was analyzed by using the two-dimensional, unsteady, Navier-stokes equations, which were fully coupled with a droplet growth equation. The third-order TVD MUsCL scheme was applied to solve the governing equation systems. The computational results were compared with the previous experimental data. The time-dependent behavior of unsteady condensation of moist air in shock tube was investigated in details. The results show that the major characteristics of the unsteady condensation phenomenon in shock tube are very different from those in the supersonic wind tunnels.

关键词： shock tube shock wave expansion wave unsteady flow compressible flow unsteady condensation

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studies on Xyloglucanase during the Germination of seeds of Tamarindus indica

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第4期2卷 36-43页

作者： k. R. siddalinga Murthy s. kantharaju Department of Biochemistry Central College Campus Bangalore University Bangalore Karnataka India

Germinating seeds of Tamarindus indica contain endo-β-1, 4-xyloglucanases which degrade tamarind xyloglucan, but not carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The xyloglucanases are isolated from the germinating tamarind seeds using 50 mM acetate buffer, pH 5.5 containing 0.5 M NaCl. The km value is 0.667 g/liter and the enzyme is optimally active at pH 5.5 and stable between pH 4 - 6.5. The optimum temperature is 45?C and is quite stable upto 50?C. The activity declined by 50% at 60?C and is completely inactivated at 70?C. Highest xyloglucanase activity and specific activity are observed on the 23rd day of germination. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) indicated the presence of five isozymes of xyloglucanases which are visualized by activity staining separately with congo red and grams iodine. Isozyme 2 is the major xyloglucanase present throughout the germination period.

关键词： Tamarindus indica Xyloglucan Xyloglucanase Tamarind seed

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spatial Distribution of sound Channel and Its Parameters in North Indian Ocean

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Journal of shipping and Ocean Engineering 2015年第6期5卷 334-340页

作者： k.Ashalatha T.V.R.Murty k.V.s.R.Prasad Department of Meteorology & Oceanography Andhra University Visakhapatnam India National Institute of Oceanography - Regional centre Visakhapatnam India

The Present work reports the variability of the derived sound channel and its parameters （surface sound velocity, conjugate depth, sLD （sonic Layer depth） and sOFAR（sound Fixing and Ranging） depth） has been presented over the Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea. We use World Ocean Atlas Annual data （2013） on temperature; salinity of North Indian Ocean （0°-25°N; 50°-95°E） and its bathymetry have been utilized for the present computation. The depth of the sound channel axis increases towards the northern latitudes in the Arabian sea, while it decreases in the Bay of Bengal. Coming to the conjugate depth, it shows variation from 120-400 m in the Bay of Bengal and 50-320 m in the Arabian sea. The range of sLD is varying between 20-40 m in the Bay of Bengal and 10-30 m in the Arabian sea. The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian sea have depth limited nature of the profile, i.e. surface sound speed exceeds the near bottom values. This has an important implication in the sound propagation in the sOFAR channel. Anticipated acoustic rays in an ocean with depth limited profile will propagate as surface refracted, bottom reflected （RBR） rays. As a result, the effective sound channel lies much below the sea surface.

关键词： sOFAR channel sonic layer conjugates depth WOA climatology.

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Investigation of third-grade non-Newtonian blood flow in arteries under periodic body acceleration using multi-step differential transformation method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第11期36卷 1449-1458页

作者： M.HATAMI s.E.GHAsEMI s.A.R.sAHEBI s.MOsAYEBIDORCHEH D.D.GANJI J.HATAMI Department of Mechanical Engineering Esfarayen University of Technology Young Researchers and Elite Club Islamic Azad University Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering Islamic Azad University Department of Mechanical Engineering Babol University of Technology Garmsar Health & Care Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences

In this paper, a non-Newtonian third-grade blood in coronary and femoral arteries is simulated analytically and numerically. The blood is considered as the third- grade non-Newtonian fluid under the periodic body acceleration motion and the pulsatile pressure gradient. The hybrid multi-step differential transformation method （Hybrid-Ms- DTM） and the Crank-Nicholson method （CNM） are used to solve the partial differential equation （PDE）, and a good agreement between them is observed in the results. The effects of the some physical parameters such as the amplitude, the lead angle, and the body acceleration frequency on the velocity and shear stress profiles are considered. The results show that increasing the amplitude, Ag, and reducing the lead angle of body acceleration, 9, make higher velocity profiles on the center line of both arteries. Also, the maximum wall shear stress increases when Ag increases.

关键词： pulsatile blood third-grade non-Newtonian fluid differential transforma-tion method (DTM) femoral artery coronary artery

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A Review on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2015年第5期3卷 420-426页

作者： k. P. Ashik Ramesh s. sharma R & D Center Department of Mechanical Engineering R.V. College of Engineering Bangalore India

Natural fibres will take a major role in the emerging “green” economy based on energy efficiency, the use of renewable materials in polymer products, industrial processes that reduce carbon emissions and recyclable materials that minimize waste. Natural fibres are a kind of renewable resources, which have been renewed by nature and human ingenuity for thousands of years. They are also carbon neutral;they absorb the equal amount of carbon dioxide they produce. These fibers are completely renewable, environmental friendly, high specific strength, non-abrasive, low cost, and bio-degradability. Due to these characteristics, natural fibers have recently become attractive to researchers and scientists as an alternative method for fibers reinforced composites. This review paper summarized the history of natural fibers and its applications. Also, this paper focused on different properties of natural fibers (such as hemp, jute, bamboo and sisal) and its applications which were used to substitute glass fiber.

关键词： Natural Fiber Polymer Carbon Bio Degradability Human

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Recent advances in catalytic systems for CO_(2) conversion to substitute natural gas(sNG):Perspective and challenges

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 377-407,I0008页

作者： I.Hussain A.A.Jalil N.s.Hassan M.Y.s.Hamid Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia school of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia Centre of Hydrogen Energy Institute of Future Energy81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

It has been well established that carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is one of the main greenhouse gasses and a leading driver of climate *** chemical conversion of CO_(2) to substitute natural gas(sNG)in the presence of renewable hydrogen is one of the most promising solutions by a well-known process called CO_(2) *** have been comprehensive efforts in developing effective and efficient CO_(2) methanation catalytic ***,the choice of competitive and stable catalysts is still a monumental obstruction and a great challenge towards the commercialization and industrialization of CO_(2) *** is necessary to emphasize the critical understandings of intrinsic and extrinsic interactions of catalyst components(active metal,support,promoter,etc.)for enhanced catalytic performance and stability during CO_(2) *** study reviews the up-to-date developments on CO_(2) methanation catalysts and the optimal synergistic relationship between active metals,support,and promoters during the catalytic *** existing catalysts and their novel properties for enhanced CO_(2) methanation were elucidated using the state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical *** selection of an appropriate synthesis method,catalytic activity for CO_(2) methanation,deactivation of the catalysts,and reaction mechanisms studies,have been explicitly compared and ***,future efforts should be directed towards the sustainable developments of catalytic configurations for successful industrial applications of CO_(2) utilization to sNG using CO_(2) methanation.

关键词： CO_(2)utilization CO_(2)methanation sNG Catalytic systems Deactivation Mechanism

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Influence of Carbohydrates, Mineral Nutrients and Plant Hormones in Alternate Bearing of Black Pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i>L.)

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2013年第10期4卷 1960-1967页

作者： k. s. krishnamurthy s. J. Ankegowda V. srinivasan s. Hamza Indian Institute of spices Research Kozhikode India.

Alternate bearing habit, a common phenomenon prevalent in some of the fruit trees is observed in black pepper variety Panniyur-1 also. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the role of carbohydrates, mineral nutrients and plant hormones (IAA and zeatin riboside) in alternate bearing in Panniyur-1 variety. The experiment was conducted for three consecutive years at Murugarajendra estate, Madikeri, karnataka, India (12.42。N, 75.73。E). Carbohydrate, mineral nutrient and plant hormone (IAA and zeatin riboside) statuses of the leaves as well as fruiting branches (stem) were compared between good fruiting year (on year) and low fruiting year (off year). Results revealed that concentration of mineral nutrients in leaves was more during on year compared to off year while the reverse was true on the stem. Both stem and leaf metabolite levels at harvest were higher in off year compared to on year suggesting that remobilization of nutrients to the developing berries must have been affected during off year, thus leading to accumulation of more nutrients at harvest in off year compared to on year. Leaf had higher concentration of most of mineral nutrients compared to stem. spraying of 1% solution of complex fertilizer 19:19:19 (percent N:P:k) three times at an interval of 3 weeks from flower primordial initiation to flowering period enhanced the yield to the extent of around 30% during off year. Auxin to cytokinin ratio was 6.6 and 6.1 in on year and 6.3 and 5.7 in off year at flowering and 3 months after flowering respectively, suggesting that this ratio itself may not play a major role in flowering during on and off years, though the ratio was slightly more during on year. Results of the study indicate that efficient utilization of metabolites and nutrients in on year may render vine weak in the subsequent year coupled with poor remobilization into developing berries, which could make it an off year.

关键词： Remobilization starch IAA Zeatin Riboside Reducing sugars Essential Oil Oleoresin

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