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Estimated prevalence and trends in smoking among adolescents in south Korea,2005-2021:a nationwide serial study

World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 366-377页

作者： Hyoin shin sangil Park Hyunju Yon Chae Yeon Ban stephen Turner seong Ho Cho Youn Ho shin Jung U.shin Ai Koyanagi Louis Jacob Lee smith Chanyang Min Young Joo Lee so Young kim Jinseok Lee Rosie Kwon Min Ji Koo Guillaume Fond Laurent Boyer Jong Woo Hahn Namwoo kim sang Youl Rhee Jae Il shin Ho Geol Woo Hyeowon Park Hyeon Jin kim Yoonsung Lee man s.kim Eléa Lefkir Vlasta Hadalin Jungwoo Choi seung Won Lee Dong Keon Yon sunyoung kim Department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurology Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Maternity and Child Health Division NHS Grampian AberdeenAberdeenUK Division of Allergy-Immunology University of South Florida Morsani College of MedicineTampaFLUSA Department of Pediatrics CHA Gangnam Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Dermatology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea Research and Development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuCIBERSAMISCIIIBarcelonaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced studies(ICREA) Pg.Lluis CompanysBarcelonaSpain Faculty of Medicine University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of Medicine23 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYonginSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Human Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada AP-HM Aix-Marseille Univ.CEReSS—Health Service Research and Quality of Life CenterMarseilleFrance FondaMental Foundation CreteilFrance Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyung Hee University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of

Background Although smoking is classified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes,there is a scarcity of studies on prevalence of smoking during the COVID-19 ***,this study aims to analyze the trends of prevalence of smoking in adolescents over the COVID-19 pandemic *** The present study used data from middle to high school adolescents between 2005 and 2021 who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey(KYRBs).We evaluated the smoking prevalence(ever or daily)by year groups and estimated the slope in smoking prevalence before and during the *** A total of 1,137,823 adolescents participated in the study[mean age,15.04 years[95%confidence interval(CI)15.03-15.06];and male,52.4%(95%CI 51.7-53.1)].The prevalence of ever smokers was 27.7%(95%CI 27.3-28.1)between 2005 and 2008 but decreased to 9.8%(95%CI 9.3-10.3)in 2021.A consistent trend was found in daily smokers,as the estimates decreased from 5.4%(95%CI 5.2-5.6)between 2005 and 2008 to 2.3%(95%CI 2.1-2.5)in ***,the downward slope in the overall prevalence of ever smokers and daily smokers became less pronounced in the COVID-19 pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic *** the subgroup with substance use,the decreasing slope in daily smokers was significantly more pronounced during the pandemic than during the pre-pandemic *** The proportion of ever smokers and daily smokers showed a less pronounced decreasing trend during the *** findings of our study provide an overall understanding of the pandemic's impact on smoking prevalence in adolescents.

关键词： Adolescent COVID-19 Daily smokers Ever smokers Pandemic smoking

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Efficient electron extraction of snO_(2) electron transport layer for lead halide perovskite solar cell

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 836-843页

作者： Junu kim Kwang s.kim Chang Woo Myung Center for superfunctional Materials Department of PhysicsSchool of Natural ScienceUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Center for superfunctional Materials Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural ScienceUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea

snO_(2) electron transport layer(ETL)has been spotlighted with its excellent electron extraction and stability over TiO_(2) ETL for perovskite solar cells(PsCs),rapidly approaching the highest power conversion ***,how... 详细信息

关键词： ETL layer perovskite

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Constraining the Temperature-density Relation of the Inter-galactic Medium from Analytically Modeling LyαForest Absorbers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第4期23卷 72-84页

作者： Li Yang Zheng Zheng T.-s.kim shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China school of Astronomy and space sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah115 S 1400 ESalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin475 North Charter StreetMadisonWI 53706USA

The absorption by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium(IGM)produces the Lya forest in the spectra of *** Lya forest absorbers have a broad distribution of neutral hydrogen column density N_(HⅠ) and Doppler b *** narrowest Lya absorption lines(of lowest b)with neutral hydrogen column density above~10^(13)cm^(-2) are dominated by thermal broadening,which can be used to constrain the thermal state of the *** we constrain the temperature-density relation T=T0(ρ/■)γ^(-1) of the IGM at 1.6sing N_(HⅠ) and b parameters measured from 24 high-resolution and high-signal-to-noise quasar spectra and by employing an analytic model to model the N_(HⅠ) -dependent low-b cutoff in the b *** each N_(HⅠ) bin,the b cutoff is estimated using two methods,one non-parametric method from computing the cumulative b distribution and a parametric method from fitting the full b *** find that the IGM temperature T0 at the mean gas densityρshows a peak of~1.5×10^(4) K at z~*** redshift higher than this,the indexγapproximately remains constant,and it starts to increase toward lower *** evolution in both parameters is in good agreement with constraints from completely different approaches,which signals that HeⅡreionization completes around z~3.

关键词： (galaxies:)intergalactic medium-(galaxies:)quasars absorption lines-radiation mechanisms thermal

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The butterfly effect in viral infection:From a host DNA single nucleotide change to HBV episome steadiness

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第1期6卷 3-5页

作者： Elena s.kim Haitao Guo Department of Microbiology and Immunology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is one of the major health care burdens throughout the *** chronicity of HBV infection is supported by the intracellular persistence of a multicopy viral episome called covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA),which is the bona fide viral transcription template and resistant to currently available antivirals.1 Therefore,noncytolytic elimination of cccDNA is considered as the“holy grail”for a cure of hepatitis B,and the metabolism and transcription regulation of cccDNA have become a hot topic in basic,translational,and clinical HBV research.

关键词： infection metabolism cccDNA

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Carboplatin restores neuronal toxicity in FUs-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2319-2320页

作者： Kiyoung kim Department of Medical science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALs),also known as Lou Geh rig's disease,is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal *** leads to muscle weakness,paralysis,and ultimate... 详细信息

关键词： paralysis sclerosis respiratory

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Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials:An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 155-166页

作者： Hyun s.kim sangamesh G.Kumbar syam P.Nukavarapu Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Material science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Orthopaedic surgery University of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA

silica biomaterials including Bioglass offer great biocompatibility and bioactivity but fail to provide pore and degradation features needed for tissue *** we report on the synthesis and characterization of novel amorphous silica fiber matrices to overcome these *** silica fibers were fused by sintering to produce porous *** effects of sacrificial polymer additives such as polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and cellulose fibers(CF)on the sintering process were also *** resulting matrices formed between sintering temperatures of 1,350-1,550◦C retained their fiber *** matrices presented pores in the range of 50-200μm while higher sintering temperatures resulted in increased pore *** addition to silica significantly reduced the pore diameter and porosity compared with silica matrices with or without the addition of *** PVA additive morphologically appeared to fuse the silica fibers to a greater extent and resulted in significantly higher compressive modulus and strength than the rest of the matrices *** matrices lost roughly 30%of their original mass in an in vitro degradation study over 40 *** matrices absorbed 500 wt%of water and did not change in their overall morphology,size,or shape with *** fiber matrices supported human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion,proliferation,and mineralized matrix *** silica fiber biomaterials/matrices reported here are biodegradable and porous and closely resemble the native extracellular matrix structure and water absorption *** the methodology reported here to alter matrix properties may lead to a variety of tissue engineering,implant,and drug delivery applications.

关键词： silica biomaterial Porous matrix ECM-Like fibrous structure Biodegradable Water absorption

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Recovery of the injured neural system through gene delivery to surviving neurons in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2855-2861页

作者： Chanchal sharma sehwan kim Hyemi Eo sang Ryong kim school of Life science Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group Kyungpook National University DaeguKorea Brain science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea

A critical unaddressed problem in Parkinson’s disease is the lack of therapy that slows or hampers *** medications effectively manage symptoms,they offer no long-term benefit because they fail to address the underlying neuronal *** highlights that the elusive goals of halting progression and restoring damaged neurons limit the long-term impact of current *** clinical trials using gene therapy have demonstrated the safety of various vector delivery systems,dosages,and transgenes expressed in the central nervous system,signifying tangible and substantial progress in applying gene therapy as a promising Parkinson’s disease ***,at diagnosis,many dopamine neurons remain in the substantia nigra,offering a potential window for recovery and *** propose that modulating these surviving dopamine neurons and axons in the substantia nigra and striatum using gene therapy offers a potentially more impactful therapeutic approach for future ***,innovative gene therapies that focus on preserving the remaining elements may have significant potential for enhancing long-term outcomes and the quality of life for patients with Parkinson’s *** this review,we provide a perspective on how gene therapy can protect vulnerable elements in the substantia nigra and striatum,offering a novel approach to addressing Parkinson’s disease at its core.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene therapy neuroprotection neurorestoration neurotrophic factor nigrostriatal dopamine pathway pro-survival protein

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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki kim Bum Jun kim seungyon Koh Hyo Jin Cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon kim Jun Young Choi Department of Brain science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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Coarse and fine-tuning of lasing transverse electromagnetic modes in coupled all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots

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Nano Research 2021年第1期14卷 108-113页

作者： Youngsin Park Guanhua Ying Atanu Jana Vitaly Osokin Claudius C.Kocher Tristan Farrow Robert A.Taylor Kwang s.kim school of Natural science Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologhUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Clarendon Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUK Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore 117543Singapore

Inorganic perovskite lasers are of particular interest,with much recent work focusing on Fabry-P6rot cavity-forming *** demonstrate the direct observation of lasing from transverse electromagnetic(TEM)modes with a long coherence time-9.5ps in coupled CsPbBr_(3) quantum dots,which dispense with an external cavity resonator and show how the wavelength of the modes can be controlled via two independent *** the pump power allowed us tofine-tune the TEM mode structure to the emission wavelength,thus providing a degree of control over the properties of the lasing *** temperature-tuning provided an additional degree of control over the wavelength of the lasing peak,importantly,maintained a constant full width at half maximum(FWHM)over the entire tuning range without mode-hopping.

关键词： perovskite quantum dots coherent lasing transverse electromagnetic mode stimulated emission

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Generalized Anxiety and Major Depressive symptoms of General Public in south Korea during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第3期23卷 303-317页

作者： Kye s.kim Peter M.Kang He sook N.kim Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Child&Family studies Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722South Korea

The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each *** are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the general public individuals who do not have heighten vulnerability to stressors for existing mental diseases or significant physical illnesses were experiencing during the *** evaluated the stressors and mental health of general public in south Korea that has a relatively low confirmed cases and *** on the on-line survey questions were used to assess the mental and physical symptoms in association with individuals’reported *** with the symptoms of the generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)were reported in 58.9%,and major depression(MD)in 23.2%,mostly in minimal to mild degrees,cut-off scores of 5 and 10,respectively by the validated screening tools,GAD-7 and *** GAD and MD symptoms were in 21.5%of the *** total number of stress had significant association with the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,physical symptoms,sleep difficulties and resilience(pscores were also associated with sleep difficulties(psing young children(pscores were associated with sleep difficulties,job-dissatisfaction,and educational level(ps of the study include small sample size,usage of smartphone or email,potential under-reporting by stigma in the socio-cultural context and evolving nature of *** conclude that keeping careful watch for mental symptoms,stressors,sleep difficulties and other physical symptoms are important even for the individuals without previous mental illnesses during the pandemic era.

关键词： Generalized anxiety disorder symptoms major depression symptoms sleep difﬁculties physical symptoms pandemic stressors south Korea generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7) patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)

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