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<i>Nymphaea lotus</i>L. and <i>Nymphaea micrantha</i>Guill. et Perr Seeds as Cereal Substitute in the Delta of Senegal River

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 375-384页

作者： Fatou Kine Gueye Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou mame samba mbaye Michel Bakar Diop Mady Cissé Kandioura Noba Laboratoire de Botanique-Biodiversité Biologie Végétale University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Laboratoire d’Electrochimie et des Procédés Membranaires/Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules Fonctionnelles-Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Unité de formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Studies conducted in the delta and lower valley of Senegal river have demonstrated through ethnobotanical surveys, the importance of Nymphaea lotus L. and Nymphaea micrantha Guill. et Perr in the diet and in the pharmacopoeia. The seeds are used with good appreciation by the indigenous population as a welding food. But studies addressing their biochemical and nutritional aspects are still very rare in the literature. This study was initiated in order to fill this gap and allow a better appreciation of the nutritional and energetic potentialities of these seeds. For this purpose, seeds were collected in effluent from the Senegal River, dried in the shade and put into three different batches: a batch of red seeds of N. lotus, a batch of Black seeds of N. lotus and a batch of seeds of N. micrantha. The biochemical analyses gave their moisture content (9.17% ± 0.2% to 13.36% ± 3.46%), aw (0.46% to 0.71%), protein (7.90% ± 1.25% to 8.24% ± 0.5%), lipid (2.32% ± 0.45% to 4.29% ± 1.0%), carbohydrate (74.49% ± 0.9% and 77.66% ± 1.65%), mineral matter (1.77% ± 0.06% to 2.55% ± 0.08%). All three types of seeds have high levels of potassium (481.10% ± 17.62% to 770.81% ± 42.33%), magnesium (312.71% ± 14.08% to 518.67% ± 15.23%) and calcium (188.81% ± 8.52% to 296.52% ± 16%. Their energy values (350.54 ± 15.21 kcal/100g to 375.7 ± 3.48 Kcal/100g), are closed to other cereals consumed in the human diet in Senegal. Therefore, these seeds offer the opportunity to diversify the diet in the delta and lower valley of the Senegal River.

关键词： Nymphaea Seeds Nutritional Value Senegal

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Water Lilies Seeds, Neglected and Underused Species in the Delta and Lower Valley of the Senegal River

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 756-765页

作者： Fatou Kine Gueye Lahat Niang Birane Dieng Modou Fall Gueye Nicolas Cyrilles Ayessou mame samba mbaye Kandioura Noba Laboratory of Botany-Biodiversity (L.B.B.) Department of Plant Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénéga Laboratory of Botany-Biodiversity (L.B.B.) Department of Plant Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membrane Processes (LEPM) Dakar Sénégal Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal

Studies carried out in the delta and the lower valley have demonstrated, through ethnobotanical surveys, the importance of the species Nymphaea lotus L. and Nymphaea micrantha Guill. et Perr in the diet. The seeds are used in food and pharmacopoeia with a good appreciation by the indigenous population, especially in the diet of diabetics. However, studies on their biochemical aspects are still very rare in the literature. It is for this reason that this study was conducted to gather useful scientific information to allow a better appreciation of the pharmacological potentialities of these seeds. To do so, seeds were collected in ponds, tributaries of the Senegal River, dried in the shade, and divided into three different batches: a batch of red seeds of N. lotus, a batch of black seeds of N. lotus, and a batch of seeds of N. micrantha. Chemical screening, tannin, flavonoid, and polyphenol assays as well as antioxidant power of the seeds were carried out according to official standard methods. The results obtained in the qualitative analysis showed the presence of a high quantity of tannins, total phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, as well as a lower quantity of cardiac glycosides and the absence of anthracene compounds and saponosides in the seeds. The assay showed that Tannins are the highest (38.118 ± 0.021 to 118.132 ± 0.034 mg EAT/g DM) followed by flavonoids (24.057 ± 0.113 to 31.970 ± 0.087 mg EC/g DM) and polyphenols which are the lowest (0.544 ± 0.054 to 1.955 ± 0.120 mg EAG/g DM). In addition, these seeds have a high antioxidant power with high inhibition percentages, ranging from 83.92% ± 1.40% to 87.67% ± 0.16%. The promotion of their consumption could thus have a positive impact on the health of the populations of the Senegal River valley.

关键词： Water Lilies Women of the Senegal River Valley Food Security Neglected and Underused Species (NUS)

Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第4期14卷 45-60页

作者： Papa Amath Diagne Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Papa Ousmane Ba Momar Sokhna Diop El Hadji Boubacar Ba Momar Dioum Marième Soda mbaye Moussa Seck Diop Mory Camara Abdou Lahad Mbengue Abdou Aziz Thiaw Abdoul Khoudoss Diallo Moussa Mareme samba Dialtabé Ibrahima Guéssé Ba Anta mbaye Sall Papa Salmaneba Amadou Gabriel Ciss Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

This is a review of the first 10 coronary artery bypass surgeries performed by the local team. The mean age was 62 years old [45 - 74]. The patients were predominantly male, with a M/F ratio of 4:1. Cardiovascular risk factors were mainly myocardial infarction (MI) (60%), hypertension (50%), obesity (40%) and diabetes (30%), with at least two risk factors per patient. Angina was the main symptom (80%). The average time from presentation to surgery was 8 months. The mean Euroscore 2 was 2.92 ± 1.65 [1.33 - 6.60]. Coronary angiography revealed an average of 2 lesions per patient, with 3-vessel involvement in 70% of cases: the Interventricular artery (IVA) (100%), the right coronary artery (90%) and the circumflex artery (70%). On echocardiography, the mean Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 59% [33% - 76%]. All patients underwent median sternotomy with bypass grafting. The average duration of the cardiopulmonary bypass was 150 min [46 - 275 min];that of aortic clamping, 120 min [43 - 232 min]. The grafts used were internal thoracic artery (ITA) in 100% of cases (80% on the left and 20% on the right), and the great saphenous vein (GSV) in 60% of cases (50% on the left and 10 on the right). Double bypass was performed in 60% of cases, single bypass in 30% and triple bypass in 10%. The bypasses were performed on the IVA (100%), the middle lateral of the circumflex (30%) and the bisector (20%). The average time to extubation was 11 hours and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 7 days [03 - 17 days]. One patient had a reoperation on Day 0 post-op. The average hospital stay was 13 days [06 - 27 days]. Complications occurred in nine of the patients (90%), with a predominance of infectious and neurological complications. Overall operative mortality was 3%, all in intensive care.

关键词： Coronary Bypass Surgery Coronary Lesions Cardiac Surgery Senegal

Early Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis after Mitral Valve Replacement: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第3期14卷 33-40页

作者： Papa Amath Diagne Mory Camara Papa Ousmane Ba Momar Sokhna Diop Moussa samba Abdou Lahad Mbengue Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Myriam Bizrane Marième Soda mbaye Moussa Seck Diop Toudiani Malam Kaka Papa Salmane Ba Papa Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Assane Ndiaye Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Department FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Tuberculous endocarditis is a rare but serious complication of heart valve replacement surgery. We report the case of a 24-year-old patient, who presented with tuberculous endocarditis after mechanical mitral valve replacement, with a favorable clinical course following anti-tuberculosis treatment. Case Presentation: We report a 24-year-old male patient, admitted to the cardiac surgery department of the Fann Hospital (Dakar, Senegal), for the management of severe mixed (rheumatic and endocarditic) mitral insufficiency with associated tricuspid insufficiency. He had a history of recurrent angina and polyarthralgia in childhood, was hospitalized several times for refractory global cardiac decompensation, and for a suspected infective endocarditis a month before his admission. On admission, the clinical examination revealed signs suggestive of mitral and tricuspid insufficiency. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe post-endocarditic mitral insufficiency with A3 amputation, highly mobile 15 mm vegetations on the free edge of the large valve, moderate tricuspid insufficiency, and severe pulmonary artery hypertension. Mechanical mitral valve replacement and tricuspid valve annuloplasty using autologous pericardial strip were performed via median sternotomy. After ten days, the patient presented with global cardiac decompensation associated with a clinico-biological infectious syndrome, and tans-oesophageal echography revealed an abscess at the sinotubular junction, communicating with the aorta. A thoraco-abdomino-pelvic CT scan was done, which revealed a bilateral alveolar-interstitial syndrome with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Anti-tuberculosis treatment with RHZE was initiated for 06 months. The clinical course was favorable. Conclusion: Tuberculous endocarditis in prostheses is a serious complication of heart valve replacement surgery, which may evolve favorably under medical treatment.

关键词： Tuberculous Endocarditis Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Antioxidant and antiglycation properties of two mango(Mangifera indica L.) cultivars from Senegal

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第3期8卷 137-141页

作者： samba Fama Ndoye Didier Fraisse Blandine Akendengue mbaye Diaw Dioum Rokhaya Sylla Gueye Cheikh Sall Insa Seck Catherine Felgines Matar Seck Francois Senejoux Laboratory of Organic and Therapeutic Chemistry Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Universite Clermont Auvergne INRAUNH Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (USS) Laboratory of Chemistry Training and Research Unit of Health Thies University

Objective: To evaluate the total phenolic contents, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of leaves, barks, roots and kernels from two cultivars of Mangifera indica(Anacardiaceae). Methods: Total phenolic contents were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu's method. The antioxidant activities were assessed by three different protocols including DPPH, oxygen radical absorbance capacity and iron(Ⅱ) chelation assays. In addition, in vitro bovine serum albumin/D-ribose assay was chosen to evaluate the antiglycation properties of the extracts. Results: All the investigated extracts were found to contain high level of total phenols as well as potent antioxidant activities. Kernel extracts showed the highest total phenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities whereas higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity values were observed for leave, root and bark extracts. Besides, extracts from leaves, roots and barks from both cultivars exhibited potent inhibitory effects against the formation of advanced glycation end products, with IC_(50) values lower than the standard positive control aminoguanidine. Conclusions: The potent antiglycation and antioxidative activities of these two Mangifera indica cultivars suggest a possible role in targeting aging, diabetic complications and oxidative stress related diseases.

关键词： Mangifera indica Cultivars Polyphenols Antioxidant Antiglycation

Information Measures of Wages and Employment: Application to Senegal

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第3期7卷 177-182页

作者： Charles B. Moss samba mbaye James F. Oehmke Food and Resource Economics Department University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Department of Economics and Management Scienes Universite Gaston Berger de Saint Louis Saint Louis Senegal United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA

This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that provides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal, unemployed) and industry share of employment. It is applied to determine the effects of two United States Agency for International Development (USAID) projects on employment in villages in the Tambacounda and Kedougou provinces in Senegal. The projects support the development of local forest-based production and processing industries. The results demonstrate statistically significant and positive effects on employment and the industry composition of employment.

关键词： Information Theory Agribusiness Development Agro-Forestry Forest Resources Poverty Reduction

Risk Factors and Complications in 947 Tuberculosis Patients Hospitalized in the Pulmonology Department of Fann Chnu from 2017 to 2019

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第4期10卷 171-186页

作者： Maïmouna Fafa Cisse Emmanuella Mahugnon Tognimassou samba Niang Fatimata Binetou Rassoule mbaye Khady Thiam Yacine Dia Kane Nafissatou Oumar Toure Service de pneumologie CHNU de Fann Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal UFR Santé de Saint Louis Saint Louis Sénégal

Introduction: Despite current progress, tuberculosis remains a major public health problem, given its still high incidence, prevalence, and mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries, including Senegal. This risk is higher for immunocompromised people. Complications and comorbidities can also affect the course of the disease, affecting the prognosis. It is in this context that this study was undertaken with the objective of determining the risk factors and complications in patients hospitalized for tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study carried out in 2021, from records of patients hospitalized for tuberculosis from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, at the Pulmonology Department of Fann. Inclusion criteria were all patients on TB treatment after diagnosis of tuberculosis has been confirmed bacteriologically or clinically according to the World Health Organization’s TB case definition. Multidrug-resistant TB was excluded. Results: Out of 4516 hospitalized patients, 20.96% of patients were tuberculosis patients. The sex ratio was 2.18. 4/5 of the patients were between 18 and 39 years old. The main contributing factors of TB found were undernutrition (93.13%), active smoking (36.75%) and diabetes (35.97%). The time between hospitalization and onset of symptoms was greater than 2 months in 60.53% of cases. A complication was noted in 89.10% of patients, particularly bacterial/viral bronchopulmonary co-infection (31.15%). The trend was favorable in 88.49% of cases. It resulted in death in 10.98% of cases. Conclusion: Most integrated-care nutritional support programs focus on HIV. Undernutrition appears to play a much more important role than HIV in the extent of TB in poor countries. It creates a vicious circle with tuberculosis, one of the components of which is immunosuppression and the increased frequency of complications such as bacterial/viral community/nosocomial co-infection, the actual incidence of w

关键词： Undernutrition Tuberculosis Bacterial Co-Infection

Risk Factors for COVID-19 Related Death during the First Three Waves of the Pandemic in an Epidemic Treatment Center at Dakar, Senegal

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 117-131页

作者： Moustapha Diop Papa samba Ba Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse Ndèye Aissatou Lakhe Betty Fall Moustapha Lo Ndong Essomba Bruce Wembulua Fatimata Wone Becaye Fall Khardiata Diallo-mbaye Daye Ka Louise Fortes Ousmane Faye Ndongo Dia Khalifa Ababacar Wade Abdou Rajack Ndiaye Amadou Alpha Sall Moussa Seydi mame Thierno Dieng Epidemic Treatment Center Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department FANN Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Psychiatry Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Internal Medicine Department Deido District Hospital Douala Cameroon Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Federation of Laboratories Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal Anesthesia-Resuscitation Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction-Objective: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible but often mild viral infection. However, some patients can present severe COVID-19 and subsequently die. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk factors for COVID-19 related death during the first three waves of the disease at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Dakar Principal Hospital (DPH). Method: We conducted a descriptive and analytical perspective survival study from April 4, 2020 to September 25, 2021, including adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized at the ETC of DPH. Log Rank test and multivariate Cox model were performed to identify risk factors for death. Results: We included 556 COVID-19 patients with mean age of 57 ± 17 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.26. The number of deaths during one month of follow-up was 41, representing a cumulative risk of 7.4%. The log Rank test showed that being from the third wave (p = 0.0056), advanced age (p = 0.00098), presence of at least one comorbidity (p = 0.034), High blood pressure (p = 0.024), d-dimer level ≥ 1000 IU/L (p Conclusion: Our study showed that elderly and third-wave of COVID-19 patients were more at risk to die. Knowledge of risk factors for COVID-19 related death could improve the prognosis of these patients.

关键词： COVID-19 Waves Death Risk Factors Dakar

Profile of Biermer’s Disease at the Medical Clinic II Abass Ndao Hospital Center: About 57 Colliged Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2020年第2期10卷 141-150页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Djiby Sow Demba Diedhiou Boundia Djiba Ibrahima Mané Diallo Alassane Baro Jeanne Anna Bentaux Muriel Diembou Marie Louise Bassene Maimouna Ndour mbaye Fatou samba Diago Ndiaye Anna Sarr Department of Internal Medicine Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Gastroenterology Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Hematology Dalal Djam Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Biermer’s disease is an autoimmune cause of anemia characterized by malabsorption of vitamin B12. It is often accompanied by other autoimmune pathologies. The objective was to study its profile in patients followed in the internal medicine department of the Abass Ndao hospital center. Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study of patients followed for Biermer’s disease from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 (5 years). Results: 57 cases were collected, an incidence of 5.4 in the internal medicine department. The sex ratio was 0.58, an average age of 56.4 years. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by anemic syndrome (87.7%), dermatological (33.3%), digestive (29.8%), neurological (20%) pathologies. The specific signs to Biermer’s disease were digestive manifestations in 70.2% (including 30% Hunter’s glossitis), neurological manifestations in 36.8% (including 17.5% paresthesias), palmoplantar melanoderma in 68.4%. The mean hemoglobin level was 6.8 g/dL with a mean corpuscular volume of 110.7 fl. The myelogram reported megaloblastosis in 100% of the cases. The mean serum vitamin B12 level was 100 pg/ml. The anti-intrinsic factor antibody assay performed in 50 patients was positive in all cases. Upper digestive endoscopy showed an aspect of fundic atrophy in 69%. Histology showed intestinal metaplasia in 2 patients. An autoimmune disease was associated in 21% of cases. All patients had received treatment with vitamin B12 (51 patients took intramuscularly and 6 oral treatment). The course was favorable in all cases with a complete correction of the anemia. Conclusion: Biermer’s disease is a reality in Senegal. Its clinical and biological characteristics can be superimposed on the data in the literature. His prognosis under treatment is good whatever the route of administration of vitamin B12.

关键词： Biermer Autoimmune Disease Vitamin B12 Dakar