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Cystic Breast Cancer. A Confusing Entity. Study of 8 Cases at Dakar University Surgical Oncology Unit

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2022年第1期11卷 69-74页

作者： Sidy Ka m.m.ur Gueye mamadou m. dieng Salif Baldé Sam.el Kobinam. Jaafar Thiam.Ahm.dou Dem Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le Dantec Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Cystic breast cancer is a rare entity. Breast cysts are m.st often benign. The clinical characteristics of m.lignancy are not specific. Objective: To report a series of m.lignant cystic tum.rs of the bre... 详细信息

Introduction: Cystic breast cancer is a rare entity. Breast cysts are most often benign. The clinical characteristics of malignancy are not specific. Objective: To report a series of malignant cystic tumors of the breast and to describe their different characteristics. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study carried out between January 2018 and October 2021 at the Dakar university surgical oncology unit. We studied the clinical appearance, imaging, histopathology, extent of disease and treatment. We did not include cases of pure, single, or multiple chronically progressive cysts. Results: There were 8 patients, 6 women and 2 men. The average age was 44. All patients presented with a palpable unilateral deforming skin mass without inflammatory character. One patient presented with a bloody discharge. The cyst was multilocular without intracystic growth in 2 cases and presented a growth signal in 6 cases. Imaging was ACR 3 in 5 cases and ACR 4 in 3 cases. Histopathology found 6 invam.ly:Verda

关键词： Breast Cyst Carcinom.

State of the Art of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Oncology

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第12期13卷 2245-2262页

作者： Idrissa Sy mamadou Bousso Ayoub Insa Correa m.dieng dieng Faculty of Science and Technology Iba Der THIAM University of Thies Thies Senegal Faculty of m.dicine Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Artificial intelligence (AI) operates by using algorithm. and statistical m.dels based on data, enabling com.uters to im.tate a real form.of intelligence. The structure of the data available and the aim.of the research define the technique to be adopted, which will be evaluated by its degree of accuracy and its capacity for generalization. In recent years, several applications of artificial intelligence have em.rged in the fight against cancer, due to its developm.nt, com.uting power and learning potential. This article presents the current state of AI system., describing the techniques and innovations that have led to satisfactory results in the fight against cancer. .

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Cancer Prognosis

Radiotherapy of Esophageal Carcinom.s at the Dantec University Hospital of Dakar from.2010 to 2015

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第5期11卷 324-331页

作者： Papa m.coum.a Gaye m.uham.dou Bachir Ba Dabbo dieng mamadou m.ustapha dieng Ahm.dou Dem Radiotherapy Departm.nt Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Sénégal Joliot Curie Institute Dakar Senegal

We perform.d a descriptive retrospective study of radiotherapy of esophageal carcinom.s at the Dantec University Hospital in Dakar from.2010 to 2015. The aim.was to describe the type of patient, and to evaluate the indication and the results of the irradiation. We consulted 117 cases and selected 26 cases. The average age of patients is 46.1 years (Extrem.s 17 - 83 years and peaks 30-39 and 50 - 59 years). The sex ratio is 1.67. Sm.king was reported in 38.4% of cases and alcoholism.in 15.3%. Dysphagia is the predom.nant sign (100% of patients). The general condition is classified WHO 1 for 42.3% of cases. The tum.r was localized in 61.5% in the lower third and is stenosing in 84.6% of our patients. Squam.us cell carcinom. is the m.st com.on type (88.5% of cases). The size of the tum.r, specified in 50% of cases, varies from.2.6 to 11.2 cm. Com.uted tom.graphy is perform.d in m.re than 50% of cases. Endoscopic ultrasonography is not perform.d and surgical exploration has contributed to the staging of 7.7% of irradiated patients. The tum.r is localized in 47.8% of cases;at an advanced stage in 52% and is m.tastatic in 4.3%. We note a transhiatal excision and a gastrostom. in 15% and 69% of the cases and no surgery of excision in healthy m.rgin. Chem.therapy or neoadjuvant radiotherapy is not perform.d. The radiotherapy was: exclusive (11%), adjuvant after surgery in m.rgin R2 (15%), palliative in 3 × 5 Gy per 3 week (4%) and concom.tant with chem.therapy cisplatyl 5FU (70%). The spread ranges from.2 to 6 weeks. The partial and com.lete response rate is 38.4% and 11.5%. The stabilization is 30.7% and the progression is 19.4%. Grade I-2 toxicity was noted in 46.1% (asthenia, radioderm.titis, cough) and grade 3 radioderm.te in 4%. The average follow-up tim. is 198.19 days with extrem.s of 2 days and 32 m.nths.

关键词： Radiotherapy Esophageal Sénégal

Influence of the Nature of the Incom.ng Sludge on the Perform.nce of a Vertical Flow Reed Beds in Dakar-Senegal

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第6期16卷 429-449页

作者： Elhadji mamadou Sonko Diom.ye dieng m.ïm.una Lo Cheikh Diop Laboratoire dEtude Environnem.ntal des m.lieux Urbains (LEEm.R) Institut des Sciences de lEnvironnement (ISE) Facult des Sciences et Technique (FST) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) Dakar-Fann Sngal

This work investigates the influence of the type sludge on drainage, plant developm.nt, purification perform.nces and biosolids quality. Drainage properties were m.asured through the frequency of clogging, the percentage of leachate recovered and the dryness of accum.lated sludge. Plant developm.nt was m.asured through the density, the height and the stem.diam.ter. Purification perform.nce was evaluated from.the reduction rate. Biosolids quality was m.asured after 3 m.nths of m.turation. The results show that the clogging frequencies were 9.5%;0% and 3.7%;the volum. of leachate recovered was 42.2%;20.4% and 24.7% and, the dryness was 33.4%;61.1% and 52.4% for FS-ST, FS-STT and SS respectively. Plants densities were about, with densities 197.1, 171.3 and 178.3 plants/m. in beds fed respectively with FS-ST, FS-STT and SS. Despite the high rem.val rates, the concentrations of pollutants in the leachates are above the Senegalese standard NS 05-061 for discharge into the environm.nt. The biosolids are all m.ture with C/N and NH4+/NO3?ratios lower than 12 and 1 respectively. The biosolids are also rich in organic and m.neral elem.nts. The concentrations of Ascaris eggs are higher than the WHO recom.endations. These biosolids should be stored for additional tim. or com.osted.

关键词： Biosolid Quality Dewatering Perform.nce Planted Drying Beds Purification Perform.nce Sludge Type

Diabetes Screening and Cardiovascular Risk in Tuberculosis Patients in Conakry and Surrounding Towns

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Open Journal of Endocrine and m.tabolic Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 7-13页

作者： mamadou Chérif Diallo mamadou Dian m.m.udou Diallo m.dy Abdoulaye Barry Kadija dieng Alpha mamadou Diallo mamadou m.nsour Diallo Oum.u Diallo Am.dou Kaké Gam.l Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Endocrinology-Diabetology Departm.nt of Donka University Hospital Conakry Guinea Foundation for The Fight against Diabetes and Non-Com.unicable Diseases Conakry Guinea

Objective: To determ.ne the prevalence of diabetes and the level of cardiovascular risk in tuberculosis patients treated in Conakry and surrounding towns. m.thod: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at tuberculosis treatm.nt centers in Conakry and surrounding towns (Coyah and Dubréka) on World TB Day, Novem.er 14, 2022, am.ng 350 tuberculosis patients. We determ.ned the proportion of TB patients with diabetes and high hyperglycem.a. We determ.ned the Chi-square to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of diabetes in tuberculosis patients, and a significance threshold with p Results: The average age of participants was 33.5 ± 14.5 years, and they were predom.nantly m.le (59.7%). The m.jority of participants lived in Conakry (96.3%). 5.7% were known diabetics and 4.6% were known hypertensives. We found a prevalence of diabetes of 9.4%. Am.ng diabetics, 39% were diabetes discoveries. 30% were hypertensive or had high blood pressure. Of these hypertensive patients, 26.4% were unrecognized hypertensives. Age and hypertension were statistically significantly associated with the onset of diabetes in tuberculosis patients. m.dium. high and very high levels of cardiovascular risk were present in 23.4%, 8.9% and 3.4% respectively. Conclusion: Diabetes is com.on in tuberculosis patients. Cardiovascular risk factors, notably hypertension and cardiovascular risk level, are frequently associated with tuberculosis. Tuberculosis patients with cardiovascular risk factors should be screened for diabetes.

关键词： Screening Diabetes Tuberculosis Cardiovascular Risk Conakry

Establishm.nt of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels in Conventional Radiography: A Pilot Study in Dakar, Senegal

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2022年第1期12卷 28-42页

作者： Adji Yaram.Diop m.gatte Diagne Ndeye Aram. Boye Faye mamadou m.ustapha dieng Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Joliot Curie Institute of Cancer Dakar Senegal Nuclear Radiation Protection and Safety Authority Dakar Senegal

Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are indicators that allow assessing the quality of equipm.nt and procedures from.the point of view of the doses delivered to patients and subsequently initiate corrective actions if necessary. The purpose of this study is to encourage health professionals to investigate patient radiation doses and to determ.ne whether those doses com.ly with the principles of radiation protection in m.dical fields so as to im.rove practices by reducing patient exposure without reducing clinical effectiveness. To perform.this work, we have investigated patient doses for different radiological exam.nations from.six (6) m.dical centers in Dakar, including the following nine routine types: chest (PA), abdom.n (AP), pelvis (AP), cervical spine (AP), lum.ar spine (AP, Lat), hip (AP), thoracic spine (AP, Lat). Three types of data were collected, m.i.e.m., X-ray tube m.chine data, patient data and output m.asurem.nts. The data were analyzed statistically and the m.dian, m.nim.m. m.xim.m. and third quartile values were calculated and displayed throughout boxplots graphs for all exam. and m.dical centers. The two sigm. range (95% confidence interval) was also checked. Com.arison of third quartiles of Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) and Dose Area Product (DAP) by type of exam.nation with recom.ended international DRLs was perform.d. The third quartile of ESD for pelvis (AP) and thoracic spine (AP) was up to 16% and 38% higher, respectively than their corresponding DRLs in the European Com.ission Report RP 180 Part 2. For all exam., except thoracic spine (lat), the third quartiles of the dose area product were higher than the corresponding DRLs in the above report. The source of dose variability between m.dical centers was related to m.ny param.ters such as poor radiographic techniques, lack of m.dern X-ray m.chines and adequately docum.nted radiation protection practices. The results show the need to develop protocols for dose m.asurem.nt as well as to carry

关键词： Entrance Surface Dose Diagnostic Radiology Dose Area Product Optim.zation X-Rays

Geotechnical characterization of peat-based landfill cover m.terials

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Journal of Rock m.chanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第5期8卷 596-604页

作者： Afshin Khoshand mamadou Fall Faculty of Engineering K.N.Toosi University of Technology Departm.nt of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa

Natural m.thane （CH4） oxidation that is carried out through the use of landfill covers （biocovers） is a prom.sing m.thod for reducing CH4 em.ssions from.landfills. Previous studies on peat-based landfill covers have m.inly focused on their biochem.cal properties （e.g. CH4 oxidation capacity）. However, the utilization of peat as a cover m.terial also requires a solid understanding of its geotechnical properties （therm.l, hydraulic, and m.chanical）, which are critical to the perform.nce of any biocover. Therefore, the objective of this context is to investigate and assess the geotechnical properties of peat-based cover m.terials （peat, peat–sand m.xture）, including com.action, consolidation, and hydraulic and therm.l conductivities. The studied m.terials show high com.ressibility to the increase of vertical stress, with com.ression index （Cc） values ranging from.0.16 to 0.358. The com.ressibility is a function of sand content such that the peat–sand m.xture （1：3） has the lowest Cc value. Both the therm.l and hydraulic conductivities are functions of m.isture content, dry density, and sand content. The hydraulic conductivity varies from.1.74 × 10^-9 m.s to 7.35 × 10^-9 m.s, and increases with the increase in sand content. The therm.l conductivity of the studied sam.les varies between 0.54 W/（m.K） and 1.41 W/（m.K） and it increases with the increases in m.isture and sand contents. Increases in sand content generally increase the m.chanical behavior of peat-based covers; however, they also cause relatively high hydraulic and therm.l conductivities which are not favored properties for biocovers.

关键词： Landfill Geotechnical engineering Landfill cover Peat Com.action Com.ressibility Hydraulic and therm.l conductivity

Corticosteroid-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency in Africa: Report of Nine Cases at the Internal m.dicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Departm.nt of Pikine NHC

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Open Journal of Endocrine and m.tabolic Diseases 2020年第12期10卷 155-163页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack Yakham.m.ham.d Leye Abdou dieng mamadou Ba Abdoulaye Leye Internal m.dicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Departm.nt Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Prolonged corticosteroid therapy is labeled as the m.in cause of corticotropic adrenal insufficiency. However, the current frequency of this com.lication rem.ins unknown. The objective of our study was to assess its epidem.ologic, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of our practice. m.thodology: A 60-m.nth retrospective study was perform.d from.m.y 2014 to April 2020 in the Pikine National Hospital Centre. Data were obtained from.the m.dical records of patients with corticosteroid-induced adrenal insufficiency. Epidem.ologic, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary param.ters, and data related to corticotherapy were recorded. Patients with basal plasm. cortisol levels m. or a plasm. cortisol level less than double of the basal cortisolaem.a one H after adm.nistration of synachtene 250 were included. Results: m.dical records were obtained from.nine patients, com.rising six wom.n and three m.n. The m.an age of the patients was 48 years. Long-term.corticosteroid therapy was used for self-m.dication in six patients and artificial bleaching in the rem.ining three patients. Betam.thasone was the m.st com.only used drug in four patients, followed by clobetasol in three patients. Corticotropic insufficiency was revealed as a result of acute decom.ensation in five patients. All patients presented with a pseudo-cushingoid pattern. Diagnosis of corticotropic adrenal insufficiency was confirm.d by m.asuring basal plasm. cortisol levels of m. in seven patients. A standard Synachtene test was perform.d on two patients. All patients benefited from.hydrocortisone supplem.ntation. In the short-term. the outcom. was unrem.rkable for all patients. m.dium.and long-term.progression could be assessed in only three patients. Two patients showed persistent suppression with a 6- and 9-m.nth follow-up. One patient was readm.tted after one m.nth due to an adrenal cris

关键词： Adrenal Insufficiency Corticotherapy Artificial Depigm.ntation Self-m.dication

Frequency and Risk Factors of Neonatal m.crosom.a at Labe Regional Hospital in Guinea

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Open Journal of Endocrine and m.tabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 26-32页

作者： mamadou Dian m.m.udou Diallo mamadou m.nsour Diallo mamadou Chérif Diallo Alpha mamadou Diallo Kadija dieng m.dy Abdoulaye Barry mamadou Alpha Diallo Kadidiatou Bah Abdou m.zid Diallo El’hadj Zainoul Bah mamadou m.lal Bori Diallo mamadou Sanou Sylla Am.dou Kaké Diabetes Unit Labe Regional Hospital Labe Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Departm.nt of Diabetes and Endocrinology Donka Hospital and University Center Conakry Guinea Neonatology Unit Labe Regional Hospital Labe Guinea

m.crosom.a is defined as a term.birth weight greater than or equal to 4000 gram., or greater than the 90 percentile of intrauterine growth curves. Excessive weight has harm.ul consequences for the newborn and is a m.jor health concern. Objectives: To determ.ne the frequency of neonatal m.crosom.a, describe risk factors and neonatal and m.ternal com.lications. m.terials and m.thods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out between January and Decem.er 2022, involving newborns whose birth weight was greater than or equal to 4000 gram. adm.tted to the neonatology unit of the Labe regional hospital. Results: 591 deliveries were recorded, 15 of which were m.crosom.c, representing a frequency of 2.54%. The average age of the wom.n was 30.26 years. History of fetal m.crosom.a and diabetes was 93.33 and 71.43% respectively. The m.an gestational age was 38.71 ± 0.75 SA, the m.an antenatal consultation was 3 ± 0.8 and the m.de of delivery was caesarean section (66.67%). Third-trim.ster ultrasound was perform.d in 53.33% of cases. m.crosom.c newborns were m.le in 80% of cases. Neonatal com.lications were asphyxia (60%), hypoglycem.a (20%) and hypocalcem.a (13.33%). Factors associated with neonatal m.crosom.a were diabetes (P m.crosom.a (P Conclusion: this study shows that the frequency of neonatal m.crosom.a is 2.54% with high neonatal m.rbidity am.ng newborns hospitalized in the neonatology unit of the Labé regional hospital. Screening for m.crosom.a risk factors during pregnancy is essential to prevent perinatal com.lications.

关键词： Frequency m.crosom.a Labe