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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第2期10卷 59-72页

作者： mamadou Saliou Mbengue abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Alioune Badara Tall Rakhmatoulaye Seck Awa Ba Ndeye Fatou Ngom Fatou Ndiaye Omar Sy Aladji Madior diop Anta Tal Dia Université Alioune diop Bambey Bambey Senegal Université Cheikh Anta diop Dakar Dakar Senegal

Contraception is a set of procedures that aim to achieve temporary infertility in a woman without her ability to conceive being engaged in the future. It plays an essential role in the health of women and children, the psychological well-being of husbands and allows, among other things, savings for the family. The objective was to study the perceptions and social representations of husbands on family planning. A mixed method was used with a qualitative dominance, carried out in the health district of Pout. The result showed that the perceptions and representations of husbands influence this practice family planning. Even if they have positive attitudes and a good level of knowledge about contraceptive methods, their involvement in FP practices remains low with gaps to be filled. Direct or intermediate variables such as the social, cultural, economic and religious aspects are pitfalls. Indeed, the commitment of men and the consideration of their social attributes are variables to be integrated into the process of information and awareness on family planning;this is crucial in achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 (Good Health and Well-being), including its target 7 focused on sexual and proactive health: a second best move towards the demographic dividend.

关键词： Family Planning Perceptions Social Representations Demographic Dividend

Dust Source, Vertical Profile and Climate Impact by RegCM3 Regional Climate Model over West Africa during 2006

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第2期10卷 206-219页

作者： Dialo diop Demba Ndao Niang mamadou Simina Drame abdoulaye Ba Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Physique de l’atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

This study aims to evaluate dust impact on climate parameters over the Sahel region by RegCM3 regional model during 2006. Indeed, aerosols are one of the main uncertainties in climate models. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) derived from RegCM3 model has been validated with various observed datasets. The aerosol sources are identified over North Algeria and East of Sahel (Bodele depression). Discrepancies are noted when considering dust temporal and spatial distribution. Dust season extends between March and October, with two peaks of AOD recorded in March (spring) and June (summer). The dust vertical distribution showed that the mineral aerosol layer is located between 850 hPa and 300 hPa (1.5 km to 7 km). The RegCM3 model simulates fairly well the transport in the upper layers, especially in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) during the summer. However, RegCM3 simulates poorly the transport and sedimentation of particles in the lower layers (below 2 km). The investigation of dust radiative impact shows a general cooling. The maximum of radiative forcing is located around 18°N - 20°N, with values of about -80 W/m2 in June - August (JJA) and -40 W/m2 at the surface during March - May (MAM). This study also showed the indirect effect of dust with a decrease in precipitation about -0.7 mm/day around 15 - 20°N during the rainy season.

关键词： Dust RegCM3 Sahel Lidar AERONET Temperature Rainfall West Africa

Profile of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathies at the Medical Clinic II of the Abass Ndao Hospital: About 40 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 74-82页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Djiby Sow Mouhamed Dieng Ibrahima Mané Diallo Boundia Djiba Mélaine Honorine Olympio Julie Borges Preira Muriel Diembou Fatou Kiné Gadji Fama Ndiaye El Hadj mamadou Moussa Thioye Charles Halim Demba Diédhiou Anna Sarr Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Abass Ndao Hospital Internal Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Internal Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Autoimmune polyendocrinopathies (AP) represent a group of rare concomitant pathologies, making them underdiagnosed. The objective was to study their profile at the Medical Clinic II of the Abass Ndao Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive and analytical study, lasting 24 months, from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. We assessed the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the patients and classified the APs found. Results: We included 40 patients divided into type III (38 cases) and IV (2 cases). A female predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 0.21. The mean age was 38.6 years. A family history of component diseases of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) was found in 62.5%. Goiter (80%) was the main clinical sign present. All 38 patients with ISAP-3 had autoimmune thyroiditis, including 29 cases of Graves’ disease (72.5%) and 9 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (22.5%). They were associated with either type 1 diabetes (57.9%), Biermer’s disease (21.1%), vitiligo + alopecia (18.4%), lupus (2.6%). The 2 patients with AP-4 had Biermer’s disease associated with either Addison’s disease or type 1 diabetes. Management depended on the pathologies present and their possible complications. The immunological phenomena were also controlled. Conclusion: This series is globally similar to the literature. The polymorphous character of the clinical pictures requires a better collaboration between specialists leading to a clinical and holistic synthesis.

关键词： APS Biermer Graves’ Disease Hashimoto’s Addison’s Vitiligo Senegal

Establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels in Conventional Radiography: A Pilot Study in Dakar, Senegal

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2022年第1期12卷 28-42页

作者： Adji Yaram diop Magatte Diagne Ndeye Arame Boye Faye mamadou Moustapha Dieng Cheikh Anta diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Joliot Curie Institute of Cancer Dakar Senegal Nuclear Radiation Protection and Safety Authority Dakar Senegal

Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are indicators that allow assessing the quality of equipment and procedures from the point of view of the doses delivered to patients and subsequently initiate corrective actions if necessary. The purpose of this study is to encourage health professionals to investigate patient radiation doses and to determine whether those doses comply with the principles of radiation protection in medical fields so as to improve practices by reducing patient exposure without reducing clinical effectiveness. To perform this work, we have investigated patient doses for different radiological examinations from six (6) medical centers in Dakar, including the following nine routine types: chest (PA), abdomen (AP), pelvis (AP), cervical spine (AP), lumbar spine (AP, Lat), hip (AP), thoracic spine (AP, Lat). Three types of data were collected, i.e., X-ray tube machine data, patient data and output measurements. The data were analyzed statistically and the median, minimum, maximum, and third quartile values were calculated and displayed throughout boxplots graphs for all exams and medical centers. The two sigma range (95% confidence interval) was also checked. Comparison of third quartiles of Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) and Dose Area Product (DAP) by type of examination with recommended international DRLs was performed. The third quartile of ESD for pelvis (AP) and thoracic spine (AP) was up to 16% and 38% higher, respectively than their corresponding DRLs in the European Commission Report RP 180 Part 2. For all exams, except thoracic spine (lat), the third quartiles of the dose area product were higher than the corresponding DRLs in the above report. The source of dose variability between medical centers was related to many parameters such as poor radiographic techniques, lack of modern X-ray machines and adequately documented radiation protection practices. The results show the need to develop protocols for dose measurement as well as to carry

关键词： Entrance Surface Dose Diagnostic Radiology Dose Area Product Optimization X-Rays

Peripheral Neuropathies Revealing Gougerot-Sjögren’s Syndrome: Description of 3 Cases

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2022年第3期13卷 120-125页

作者： Ndiaga Matar Gaye Alassane mamadou diop Khalifa Ababacar Mbaye Serigne Abdou Aziz Fall mamadou Ka Momo Banda Ndiaye Maouly Fall Moustapha Ndiaye Amadou Gallo diop Neuroscience Department Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal Neurology Department Pikine Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune epithelitis with various extraglandular signs, among which are neurological, with a variable frequency according to studies. We report three cases of peripheral neuropathy revealing Gougerot-Sjögren’s syndrome, collected in the Neurology Department of the Fann University Hospital in Dakar (Senegal). Observations: The first patient, aged 48 years, presented with a length-dependent sensitivomotor polyneuropathy associated with retrobulbar optic neuritis, with dry eyes and dry mouth noticed by the patient for several years. The second patient, aged 28 years, was admitted to the hospital with chronic generalized paresthesia in the context of xerostomia and xerophthalmia. The results of the clinical examination and the electroeneuromyogram were in favour of pure sensory neuronopathy. The third patient was 32 years old female, with a history of thyroidectomy and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), who was seen for acute ascending flaccid tetraplegia with facial diplegia, preceded by diffuse paresthesia. The diagnosis of recurrence of acute demyelinating polyradiculonueropathy was retained in view of the rapidly increasing character of the deficit, the hyperproteinorachy at the lumbar puncture, and the signs of demyelination at the ENMG. The diagnosis of Gougerot-Sjögren’s syndrome in our three patients was established on the basis of the 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria. Indeed, the anti-SSA antibodies (Ro) were positive in our 3 patients with a biopsy of the salivary glands which showed stage 3 in the first patient and stage 4 in the two others. Corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive treatment resulted in a favourable clinical evolution on the neurological and general levels. Conclusion: Gougerot-Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune exocrinopathy that may present with peripheral neuropathy, which may precede the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome, be concomitant or occur during the co

关键词： Sjögren’s Syndrome Peripheral Neuropathy Salivary Gland Biopsy Senegal

Assessment of a Database Management System in a Mammogram Unit of a Radiologic Department in Fann Teaching Hospital (Senegal)

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2017年第4期6卷 401-409页

作者： Mamour Gueye Awa Sadikh Badiane Sokhna Ba diop mamadou Ly Mame Diarra Ndiaye Gueye abdoulaye Dione diop abdoulaye Ndoye diop Marame Fall Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department or Radiology Fann Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal

Objectives: To evaluate a medical data management system of a mammogram unit in a department of Radiology. Methods: This is a qualitative and quantitative assessment study in Fann Teaching Hospital between April 2014 and June 2015 one year after its implementation. The quantitative component consisted of the audit of the database to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of patients and the results of mammograms. The qualitative component assessed users’ experience. For analysis, quantitative data were extracted and transferred to Microsoft Excel. For scale variables, we calculated the averages and extremes. For qualitative variables, we established percentages. Results: During the study period, 433 patients underwent mammograms. The average age of patients was 48 years. The completion rate maintained above 85% was below 26% in the first two months of use. As to the completeness given examinations, it was still above 83%. The results of mammogram examinations were normal in the majority of cases: 96% for the right breast and 95.2% for the left breast. All users had a favourable opinion about the database. The reasons were better work organization, comprehensiveness, accessibility and standardization of information about the patient and especially the immediate availability of statistics. For 60% of these health professionals, complaints related to the use of the software were the time-consuming of filling data. Conclusion: This study mainly describes the perception of health professionals on the computerization of radiological examinations. It offers some advantages, proposes improvements and opens avenues for reflection on the globalization of the computerization of patient records in Radiology.

关键词： Electronic Medical Records Database Mammogram Radiology Dakar

Modelling of Photovoltaic Modules Optical Losses Due to Saharan Dust Deposition in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2020年第7期11卷 89-102页

作者： Dialo diop mamadou Simina Drame Moussa Diallo David Malec Dominique Mary Philippe Guillot Groupe des Laboratoires de Physique des Solides des Sciences des Matériaux (GLPSSM) Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FST) Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Department of Computer Science Polytechnic Institute (ESP) Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d’Energie (LAPLACE) Université de Toulouse UPS INPT CNRS Toulouse France Equipe Diagnostics de Plasmas Hors Equilibre (DPHE) Université de Toulouse INU Champollion Albi France

This study aims to evaluate the optical losses of photovoltaic modules due to Saharan dust deposition in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa. For this purpose, an air-dust-glass system is modeled to simulate optical losses in transmittance and reflectance. To do this, we have collected dust samples from Photo-Voltaic (PV) surface in Dakar area (14°42'N latitude, 17°28'W longitude), Senegal. X-ray fluorescence reveals that silicon (Si), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) mainly composed these dust samples. Then, dust refractive indices obtained from an ellipsometer were used as an input to be used in the model. Simulations show that for radiation (at normal incidence) arriving on a dust layer of 30 μm-thick (corresponding to a dust deposit of 1.63 g/m2), 79% of the visible spectrum is transmitted; 19% is reflected and 2% is absorbed. Overall, the transmittance decreases by more than 50% as of dust layer of 70 μm-thick corresponding to a dust deposit of 3.3 g/m2.

关键词： Dust Characterization Modeling Ellipsometry PV Transmittance Solar Panel Spin Coating X-Ray Fluorescence

Mineralogical Characterization of Heavy Mineral Concentrates from Senegalese Great Cost by Using Qemscan and SEM

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第12期11卷 800-817页

作者： Moumar Dieye Marieke Van Lichtervelde abdoul Aziz Ndiaye mamadou Gueye Simon B. Blancher Earth Science Institute Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar University Dakar Senegal Geosciences Environnement Toulouse UPS CNRS IRD Toulouse France Eramet Ideas Trappes France

The heavy mineral sands of Senegal are exploited to extract titanium oxides and zircon. Mining is carried out first by means of a floating dredge and concentration plant which produces a heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) containing on average 78% titanium oxides, 11% zircon and a set of silicate and alumino-silicate minerals. This heavy mineral concentrate is then treated by gravity, magnetic and electrostatic separation to produce titanium oxide concentrates (ilmenite, leucoxene, rutile) and three varieties of zircon concentrates (Premium zircon, standard zircon and medium grade zircon standard). In this study, we describe the various mineral concentrates in terms of mineralogical assemblages, and textural variability within grains, using Qemscan and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The titanium oxide concentrates are differentiated by their TiO2 content and vary from ilmenite to rutile. The zircon concentrates are characterized by the presence of impurities in the zircons, which consist in numerous inclusions of titanium oxides and silicate minerals. The mineralogical characteristics determined by scanning electron microscopy and by Qemscan showed great variability within the grains themselves. Heavy minerals contain many mineral inclusions and show strong chemical zoning.

关键词： Heavy Mineral Sand Qemscan SEM Origin

Iron in Water: Study of Iron Removal Kinetics in Chemically Reconstituted Waters: Application to Groundwater of South Pout (PS2 Site)

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Open Journal of Metal 2021年第1期11卷 1-10页

作者： Faye mamadou Sambe Falilou Mbacké diop El Hadji Moussa Toure Alpha Ousmane Mbaye Fall Aminata diop Mar Codou Guèye Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membrane Process Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Quality Control Analysis Laboratory of the Senegalese Water Company (SWC) Dakar Senegal

The goal of this topic is a synthesis of the main characteristics of iron in groundwater and the oxidation process used to remove it. Indeed, the kinetics of chemical oxidation of iron (II) was examined with reconstituted water (distilled water + iron sulphate) and proceeded to the application in the groundwater samples taken from South Pout (Senegal) precisely in the drilling PS2. The sources of iron are natural or anthropogenic. In Senegalese waters, its content is variable and sometimes exceeds the standards of potability. Despite the diversification of iron removal process, chemical oxidation is the most used solution in drinking water treatment plants in Senegalese rural areas. Applied oxidation processes such as aeration and chlorination, however, are insufficient to produce drinking water with an iron concentration in accordance with standards of potability.

关键词： Iron Kinetics Chemical Oxidation Groundwater Drilling

Solar Photocatalysis of A Pesticide in A Tubular Reactor on Titaniferous Sand as A New Semi-Conductor

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2023年第2期13卷 119-131页

作者： El Hadji Moussa diop Kalidou Ba mamadou Faye Alpha Ousmane Toure Falilou Mbacké Sambe Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) Higher Polytechnic/Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal School of Industrial and Biological Engineering Dakar Senegal

This present study comes in addition to overcome the problems of separation of fine particles of TiO2 in heterogeneous photocatalysis after treatment. It aims to show the potential for using titaniferous sand as a new semiconductor under solar irradiation. The photocatalytic efficiency of this titaniferous sand was tested on a pesticide (Azadirachtin). A tubular photocatalytic reactor with recirculation of the polluting solution was designed for the elimination of the pesticide in an aqueous solution. Before its use as a photocatalyst, the titaniferous sand has undergone a specific treatment that consists of calcination at 600℃ followed by extraction of the calcined natural organic materials, which can interfere with the measurement of analytical parameters such as COD. The titaniferous sand was also characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). XRF analyses have shown that TiO2 is predominant in the titaniferous sand with a percentage that has been estimated at 46.34%. The influence of various experimental parameters such as the flow rate of the polluting solution, the concentration of titaniferous sand, the presence of oxygen and the intensity of the overall rate of sunshine, was studied to optimize the photocatalytic degradation of the pesticide. The results showed that the highest removal rate (70%) was observed under the following conditions: a pH of 6, a titaniferous sand concentration of 150 g/L, a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, and a sunshine rate of 354 W/m2 and in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Under these experimental conditions, the rate of photodegradation of the pesticide follows the pseudo first order kinetic model of Langmuir Hinshelwood with a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.9869 and an apparent rate constant of 0.0029 min-1. The results clearly demonstrated the potential of titaniferous sand as a photocatalyst sensitive to sunlight for the effective removal of pesticides in the aq

关键词： Solar Energy Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Sand Titaniferous Titanium Dioxide Pesticide