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Impact of Climate Change on Epidemiology of Various Pests of Wheat Crop in Punjab Pakistan

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 236-247页

作者： Israr Arshad Amer Rasul Syed Ismat Hussain Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam Khizar Hayat malik najam ul hassan Sidra Muqeet Amina Yasir Umar Shabab Nasir Anum Tehseen Directorate of Pest Warning & Quality Control of Pesticides Punjab Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Iowa State University USA Horticultural Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Zoology Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Agriculture & Resource Economics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae)] is the staple diet of people in Pakistan. It is attacked by many types of pests. Therefore the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of climate change on the ecology and epidemiology of various wheat pests in Punjab, Pakistan. Results indicate that maximum weeds hot spots 242 (5.98%) Phalaris minor, 45 (1.18%) wild oat and 203 (5.01%) broad leaf weeds were noted in 2015. Aphid 31 (0.86%) hot spots were recorded in 2016 while maximum army worm 13 (0.26%) hot spots were noted in 2017. Maximum 70 (1.73%) spots of yellow rust and 85 (2.10%) hot spots of brown rust were observed during 2015 while 84 (4.16%) spots of loose smut were observed during 2017. ANOVA shows that years have no significant difference (P > 0.05) but weeks have significant effect on occurrence of these pest incidences except brown rust. But regression ANOVA was significant (P ≤ 0.05) and regression models equations have been developed on the bases of recorded data. Pest incidence was taken as dependent variable Y and weather factors i.e. minimum temperature as X1, maximum temperature as X2, relative humidity as X3 and rain fall as X4 were taken as independent variables. This study will help in recommendations for moving forward aiming at integration of biology of rust and smut diseases of wheat with changing climate for development of resistant varieties for resilient and durable management of these pathogens.

关键词： Climate Change Wheat Weeds Insect Pest Disease Ecology

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Effect of Sb-doping on martensitic transformation and magnetocaloric effect in Mn-rich Mn50Ni40Sn10-Sb( = 1, 2, 3, and 4) alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第1期26卷 444-448页

作者： Ishfaq Ahmad Shah najam ul hassan Jun Liu Yuanyuan Gong Guizhou Xu Feng Xu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro ＆ Nano Materials and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China

We investigate the influence of Sb-doping on the martensitic transformation and magnetocaloric effect in Mn（50）Ni（40）Sn（10-x）Sbx（x = 1, 2, 3, and 4） alloys. All the prepared samples exhibit a B2-type structure with the space group F m3 m at room temperature. The substitution of Sb increases the valence electron concentration and decreases the unit cell volume. As a result, the magnetostructural transformation shifts rapidly towards higher temperatures as x *** changes in magnetic entropy under different magnetic field variations are explored around this transformation. The isothermal magnetization curves exhibit typical metamagnetic behavior, indicating that the magnetostructural transformation can be induced by a magnetic field. The tunable martensitic transformation and magnetic entropy changes suggest that Mn（50）Ni（40）Sn（10-x）Sbx alloys are attractive candidates for applications in solid-state refrigeration.

关键词： Mn-rich Heusler alloys martensitic transformation magnetocaloric effect magnetic entropy change

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Magnetostructural transformation and magnetocaloric effect in Mn_(48-x)V_(x)Ni_(42)Sn_(10) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 439-443页

作者： najam ul hassan Ishfaq Ahmad Shan Tahira Khan Jun Liu Yuanyuan Gong Xuefei Miao Feng Xu MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In this work,we tuned the magnetostructural transformation and the coupled magnetocaloric properties of Mn_(48-x)V_(x)Ni_(42)Sn_(10)(x=0,1,2,and 3)ferromagnetic shape memory alloys prepared by means of partial replacement of Mn by *** is observed that the martensitic transformation temperatures decrease with the increase of V *** shift of the transition temperatures to lower temperatures driven by the applied field,the metamagnetic behavior,and the thermal hysteresis indicates the first-order nature for the magnetostructural *** entropy changes with a magnetic field variation of 0-5 T are 15.2,18.8,and 24.3 ***^(-1).K^(-1)for the x=0,1,and 2 samples,*** tunable martensitic transformation temperature,enhanced field driving capacity,and large entropy change suggest that Mn_(48-x)V_(x)Ni_(42)Sn_(10)alloys have a potential for applications in magnetic cooling refrigeration.

关键词： magnetostructural coupling field driving capacity refrigeration capacity magnetocaloric effect

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Influence of Ni/Mn ratio on magnetostructural transformation and magnetocaloric effect in Ni48-xCo2Mn38+xSn12(x=0,1.0,1.5,2.0,and 2.5)ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第9期26卷 428-432页

作者： Ishfaq Ahmad Shah najam ul hassan Abdur Rauf 刘俊龚元元徐桂舟徐锋 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro&Nano Materials and Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

An investigation on the magnetostructural transformation and magnetocaloric properties of Ni48-xCo2Mn38＋xSn12（x = 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5） ferromagnetic shape memory alloys is carried out. With the partial replacement of Ni by Mn in the Ni_（48）Co2Mn38Sn12 alloy, the electron concentration decreases. As a result, the martensitic transformation temperature is decreased into the temperature window between the Curie-temperatures of austenite and martensite. Thus, the samples with x = 1.5 and 2.0 exhibit the magnetostructural transformation between the weak-magnetization martensite and ferromagnetic austenite at room temperature. The structural transformation can be induced not only by the temperature,but also by the magnetic field. Accompanied by the magnetic-field-induced magnetostructural transformation, a considerable magnetocaloric effect is observed. With the increase of x, the maximum entropy change decreases, but the effective magnetic cooling capacity increases.

关键词： Ni–Co–Mn–Sn alloy magnetostructural transformation magnetocaloric effect magnetic entropy change

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A Novel Framework for Multi-Classification of Guava Disease

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 1915-1926页

作者： Omar Almutiry Muhammad Ayaz Tariq Sadad Ikram ullah Lali Awais Mahmood najam ul hassan Habib Dhahri College of Applied Computer Sciences King Saud University(Almuzahmiyah Branch)Riyadh11564KSA Department of Computer Science University of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of CS&SE International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Division of Science and Technology University of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dhofar UniversitySalalahOman

Guava is one of the most important fruits in Pakistan,and is gradually boosting the economy of *** production can be interrupted due to different diseases,such as anthracnose,algal spot,fruit fly,styler end rot and *** diseases are usually detected and identified by visual observation,thus automatic detection is required to assist *** this research,a new technique was created to detect guava plant diseases using image processing techniques and computer *** automated system is developed to support farmers to identify major diseases in *** collected healthy and unhealthy images of different guava diseases from the *** image labeling was done with the help of an expert to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy *** local binary pattern(LBP)was used for the extraction of features,and principal component analysis(PCA)was used for dimensionality *** classification was carried out using multiple classifiers,including cubic support vector machine,Fine K-nearest neighbor(F-KNN),Bagged Tree and RUSBoosted Tree algorithms and achieved 100%accuracy for the diagnosis of fruit flies disease using Bagged ***,the findings indicated that cubic support vector machines(C-SVM)was the best classifier for all guava disease mentioned in the dataset.

关键词： Classification guava disease image processing machine learning

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Surgical Arm Rest Using Novel Smart Material Based Fluid

Surgical Arm Rest Using Novel Smart Material Based Fluid

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International Conference on Recent Trends in Computer & Information Engineering(ICRTCIE’2012);International Conference on Mechanical,Materials and Automotive Engineering(ICMMAE’2012);International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering(ICAEEE’2012);International Conference on Ecological,Environmental and Bio- Sciences(ICEEBS’2012);International Conference on Business,Economics,and Behavioral Sciences (ICBEBS’2012);International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Sciences(ICCEPS’2012)

作者： Syed najam ul hassan Syed Fahad Akbar Ali Eraj Humayun Mirza Biomedical Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology

Designing of surgical arm rest carrying smart materials is based upon a new and innovative idea of using novel smart material i.e. magnetorheological fluid （MR Fluid） in surgical arm rests. MR fluid was previously used in automotive industry for providing smooth movements to cars and is best known for its unique solidifying behavior on application of magnetic field. The fluid is practical, price effective and provides easy to use mechanism when applied to arm rest in the form of small solidifying pockets. The smart material based arm rest will provide great help to surgeons in long operations and surgeries which cause an extra amount of pressure on a surgeon’s ulnar nerve, increases the numbness in arm, loss of sense and feeling in the performer’s arm, reduced steadiness during a surgery, lack of stationary movements and failure of holding capabilities which is a key to any successful surgery. Usage of stainless steel makes the arm rest less corrosive, unsubstantial in weight and reusable. Easy clamping of the arm rest to the railing of operating table makes it portable and unobtrusive in the theatre. Usage of screws, pins and notches are avoided during the designing of arm rest, this is done to reduce the chances of equipment’s failure giving it a long lasting and highly reusable approach. The surgical arm rest carrying magnetorheological fluid provides complete freedom of movements to the surgeon with solidification when required using a single button resulting in a safe, secure, cost effective and a steady hand smooth surgery.

关键词： Component Magnetorheological Fluid Surgical Arm Rest Stainless Steel Smart Material Steady Hand Surgery

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Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder： A Single Centre Experience

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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第2期10卷 85-90页

作者： Gauhar Sultan Babar malik Syed Najeeb Niamatullah Altaf Hashmi Asad Shehzad Mubarak M SyedAdeeb ul hassan Rizvi Department of Medical Oncology Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation Karachi Pakistan Department of Pathology Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation KarachL Pakistan

Urothelial cancers usually recur distantly rather than loco-regionally. In patients with pT2 and pT3/pT4 tumors, local recurrence has been observed in 3-4% and 11-16%, respectively, whereas distant failure has occurred in 10-27% and 19-35%, respectively. Despite local therapy most patients with muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma （TCC） of the bladder die of systemic relapse, indicating a need for effective adjunctive systemic treatment. We determined whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved overall survival. This study evaluated the role of neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine/cisplatin （GC） in improving the outcome of this group of patients. A total of 44 patients （84% Male, 16% Female） with newly diagnosed bladder cancer （T3-4, N0-2, M0） were subjected to initial 3 cycles of GC, then managed according to response. Patients were assessed clinically after each cycle and by Interim CT scan after 3 cycles of chemotherapy and those who achieved complete or partial response underwent radical cystectomy. We enrolled 63 patients, 19 of whom were found to be ineligible; thus, 44 were assigned to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. Average size of the largest tumor was greater that 30mm in 77% patients. According to Computed Tomographic findings 70% patients belonged to Stage T4A. The overall response rate to GC was 50%, and incomplete response was achieved in 25% whereas 25% patients were lost to follow up. Twenty two patients who had complete response, underwent cystectomy and diversion. It was observed that those patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ureterosigmoidostomy had an increased serum creatinine in comparison to patients who had ileal conduit. The size of the effect is modest and combination chemotherapy can be administered safely without adverse outcomes resulting in delayed local therapy. Further efforts to identify the patients most likely to benefit from neoadjuvant therapy are necessary to optimize its us

关键词： Bladder cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy cystectomy transitional cell carcinoma.

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Development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in Pakistani population

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2008年第4期20卷 267-273页

作者： Faraz malik Mahmood A. Kayani M. Ansar Obaid ullah Muhammad Shafeeq Shahid Chohan Yassir Abbas Saqib Shazad Ali Raza Rahat Rehman Faizan Raiz Qurat-ul-ain Muhammad hassan Siddiqi Allah Rakha Zia ur Rehman Zahoor Ahmed Department of Biosciences COMSATS Insitute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology Lahore Pakistan Centre for Advanced Forensic Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan National Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University

For the development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in local ethnic populations sixteen markers of non-recombining regions (NRY) of Y chromosome, which show high power of discrimination among individuals, were selected in this study. Blood samples (600) were collected from the males of three most common castes of Pakistani population (Arain, Awan and Rajput) with different parent lineages. Three markers (DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II and YCAIIa/b) among 16 Y STRs are double-targeted regions of the Y chromosome and thus provide two polymorphic peaks for each respective primer set. These 16 Y-STRs were developed into Megaplex system for simultaneous amplification of all markers within the population. The overall power of discrimination observed in focused populations was 60.5%, 66.5% and 55% in Rajput, Awan and Arain casts respectively. This discrimination power will be helpful in human identification for forensic casework studies including sexual assaults and paternity testing.

关键词： STR Pakistani population polymorphism 19-plex Y STR

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