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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第2期14卷 138-142页

作者： Abdullah Bakhsh Hadeel Alotaibi Sara Alothman Abdulrahman Alothman Rahaf Alothman Abdulrahman Alsulami malak alamoudi Ali Alothman Ali Al-Shareef Department of Emergency Medicine the King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine the King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Anesthesia Intensive Care Unitthe King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia College of Medicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesCollege of MedicineJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

INTRODUCTION The past two decades have witnessed one of the most contentious scientific debates in the field of temperature management after cardiac arrest in *** started in 2002,following the publication of two groundbreaking trials showing lower mortality rates and improved neurologic recovery with the use of active cooling.[1,2]International recommendations advocate active cooling in the range of 32–34℃for comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).[3,4]The year2013 marked the tipping point with the release of the TTM 1 trial.

关键词： breaking release showing

Blood Vessel Segmentation with Classification Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2265-2281页

作者： Abdullah O.alamoudi Sarah Mohammed Allabun Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Education College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Biomedical image processing is finding useful in healthcare sector for the investigation,enhancement,and display of images gathered by distinct imaging *** retinopathy(DR)is an illness caused by diabetes complications and leads to irreversible injury to the retina blood *** vessel segmentation techniques are a basic element of automated retinal disease screening *** this view,this study presents a novel blood vessel segmentation with deep learning based classification(BVS-DLC)model forDRdiagnosis using retinal fundus *** proposed BVS-DLC model involves different stages of operations such as preprocessing,segmentation,feature extraction,and ***,the proposed model uses the median filtering(MF)technique to remove the noise that exists in the *** addition,a multilevel thresholding based blood vessel segmentation process using seagull optimization(SGO)with Kapur’s entropy is ***,the shark optimization algorithm(SOA)with Capsule Networks(CapsNet)model with softmax layer is employed for DR detection and *** range of simulations was performed on the MESSIDOR dataset and the results are investigated interms of different *** simulation results ensured the better performance of the proposed model compared to other existing techniques interms of sensitivity,specificity,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,accuracy,and F-score.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy deep learning blood vessel segmentation metaheuristics image processing messidor dataset

Explicit High-Order Method to Solve Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第5期11卷 472-482页

作者： Khadijah alamoudi Mohmmad Said Hammoudeh Department of Math King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Models of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations submit various critical physical phenomena with a typical equation for optical fibres with linear refraction. In this article, we will presuppose the Compact Finite Difference method with Runge-Kutta of order 4 (explicit) method, which is sixth-order and fourth-order in space and time respectively, to solve coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Many methods used to solve coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations are second order in time and need to use extra-technique to rise up to fourth-order as Richardson Extrapolation technique. The scheme obtained is immediately fourth-order in one step. This approach is a conditionally stable method. The conserved quantities and the exact single soliton solution indicate the competence and accuracy of the article’s suggestion schemes. Furthermore, the article discusses the two solitons interaction dynamics.

关键词： Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations Sixth Order Method Interaction of Two Solitons Compact Finite Difference Runge-Kutta of Order 4 Method

Sixth Order Finite Difference Method for Three Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第4期11卷 237-253页

作者： Khadijah alamoudi Mohmmad Said Hammoudeh Department of Math King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

In this work, we will derive a numerical method of sixth order in space and second order in time for solving 3-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations. The numerical method is unconditionally stable. We use the exact single soliton solution and the conserved quantities to check the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed schemes. Also, we study the interaction dynamics of two solitons. It is found that both elastic and inelastic collisions can take place under suitable parametric conditions.

关键词： Three Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations Sixth Order Method Interaction of Two Solitons

Bile acid indices as biomarkers for liver diseases Ⅱ: The bile acid score survival prognostic model

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第5期13卷 543-556页

作者： Jawaher Abdullah alamoudi Wenkuan Li Nagsen Gautam Marco Olivera Jane Meza Sandeep Mukherjee Yazen Alnouti Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-6025United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68105United States Department of Biostatistics University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4375United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University Medical CenterOmahaNE 68124United States

BACKGROUND Cholestatic liver diseases are characterized by an accumulation of toxic bile acids(BA)in the liver,blood and other tissues which lead to progressive liver injury and poor prognosis in *** To discover and validate prognostic biomarkers of cholestatic liver diseases based on the urinary BA *** We analyzed urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and investigated the use of the urinary BA profile to develop survival models that can predict the prognosis of hepatobiliary *** urinary BA profile,a set of non-BA parameters,and the adverse events of liver transplant and/or death were monitored in 257 patients with cholestatic liver diseases for up to 7 *** BA profile was characterized by calculating BA indices,which quantify the composition,metabolism,hydrophilicity,formation of secondary BA,and toxicity of the BA *** have developed and validated the bile-acid score(BAS)model(a survival model based on BA indices)to predict the prognosis of cholestatic liver *** We have developed and validated a survival model based on BA(the BAS model)indices to predict the prognosis of cholestatic liver *** results demonstrate that the BAS model is more accurate and results in higher truepositive and true-negative prediction of death compared to both non-BAS and model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)*** 5-and 3-year survival probabilities markedly decreased as a function of ***,patients with high BAS had a 4-fold higher rate of death and lived for an average of 11 mo shorter than subjects with low *** increased risk of death with high vs low BAS was also 2-4-fold higher and the shortening of lifespan was 6-7-mo lower compared to MELD or ***,we have shown the use of BAS to predict the survival of patients with and without liver transplant(LT).Therefore,BAS could be used to define the most seriously ill patients,who need earlier intervention such as ***

关键词： Hepatobiliary diseases Bile acid indices Death Liver transplant Survival model Prognosis

Investigation of a Possible Link between Solar Activity and Climate Change in Saudi Arabia: Rainfall Patterns

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 478-490页

作者： Abdullrahman H. Maghrabi Hadeel A. alamoudi Aied S. Alruhaili National Centre for Applied Physics King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh Saudi Arabia Astronomy and Space Science Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

In this study, annual, quarterly, and monthly mean precipitation data in Saudi Arabia were correlated with sunspot number (SSN) and galactic cosmic ray (CR) flux over 35 years (1985-2019). The results show that the strength, magnitude, proportion and statistical significance of the relationship between precipitation and the two variables varied by season and month. We find that mean annual precipitation in Saudi Arabia, from May to November, and summer and autumn are correlated with cosmic rays and inversely correlated with SSN. Correlations of varying intensities and scales were found during the remaining months and during winter and spring. The relationships between the rainfall and SSN and CR for each solar cycle were investigated and showed that for all three cycles, the annual rainfall over Saudi Arabia has a positive correlation with CR. Different results were obtained when the seasonal rainfall data correlated with the SSNs and CRs during each cycle. The results obtained, in terms of their strength and magnitude, are affected by terrestrial and extra-terrestrial factors. These factors have been briefly presented and discussed. These findings represent a step towards understanding the possible role of solar activity in climate change for future meteorological phenomenon forecasting, even if the physical mechanism is still poorly quantified.

关键词： Precipitation Cosmic Rays Solar Activity Climate Change Sunspot Saudi Arabia

Long-Term Rainfall Trends in South West Asia—Saudi Arabia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2023年第1期12卷 204-217页

作者： Abdullrahman H. Maghrabi Hadeel A. alamoudi Aied S. Alruhaili National Centre for Applied Physics King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh KSA Astronomy and Space Science Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

In this study, rainfall data from 19 stations in Saudi Arabia (SA) for the period 1985-2019 was utilized to investigate interannual, monthly, and seasonal rainfall variations and trends. The magnitudes of these trends were characterized and tested using Mann-Kendall (MK) rank statistics at different significance levels. During this study period, the mean rainfall in SA showed a slight and significant decreasing trend by about 2 mm/35 years. Investigation of seasonal trends of rainfall revealed that Winter and Spring rainfall decreased significantly by 2.7 mm/35 years and 5.4 mm/35 years respectively. Three months showed very slight significant decreasing trends of rainfall. These were the months of February, March and April. Mann-Kendall analyses were carried out to investigate the annual trends of rainfall during three sub-periods, i.e., 1985-1996, 1997-2008, and 2009-2019. The results revealed that while rainfall increased by 5.3 mm/12 years and 7.8 mm/11 years for the first and the third periods respectively, it decreased by about 11 mm/12 years during the second period. While trends of rainfall in Saudi Arabia are affected by large scale circulations and local factors, the effect of extraterrestrial factors, such as solar activity and its consequent effects on the climate may, additionally, play a potential role in affecting the pattern of rainfall in Saudi Arabia.

关键词： Rainfall Trend Long-Term Saudi Arabia Mann-Kendell

Advancement of Nursing Education in Psychosocial Oncology Care:Perspectives and Experiences of Nurses

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第4期18卷 281-289页

作者： Aida Sanad Alqarni Fatmah Ahmed alamoudi Eddieson Pasay-an Lizy Sonia Benjamin Kawther Elthayeb Ahmed Petelyne Pangket Richard Maestrado Lailani Sacgaca Ferdinand Gonzales Benito Areola Jr. College of Nursing King Khalid UniversityAbha62217Saudi Arabia Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences Dhahran32227Saudi Arabia College of Nursing University of HailHail55211Saudi Arabia College of Nursing Shaqra UniversityRiyadh15551Saudi Arabia

Introduction:The main objective of this study was to fill the gap between the knowledge nurses have about psychosocial care and what they do about cancer patients’*** also aimed to devise ways to improve nursing education for nurses who could provide enhanced psychosocial support in such ***:This qualitative study relied on 18 in-depth interviews with nurses,with a focus on the difference between their understanding of psychosocial care and its application in helping cancer *** involved analyzing the transcribed interviews using thematic *** were collected from February to March ***:The verbal accounts of 18 participants were *** include theme 1“holistic approach to cancer care”with the subtheme“navigating resource constraints:”theme 2“nurses well-being and emotional input”with the subtheme“positive impact of psychosocial care:”theme 3“Care for patients’well-being”with subtheme“resourcefulness and resilience in psychosocial care:”theme 4“adapting care and building connections:”theme 5“ideal and reality in psychosocial care”with subtheme“challenges in delivering comprehensive cancer care:”and theme 6“empowering nurses for effective psychosocial care”with subtheme“building a strong foundation for psychosocial care.”Conclusion:From the nurses’perspective,this study indicates a need for more inclusive cancer ***,in addition to physical interventions,emotions and social welfare must also be *** emotionally invested,health workers may offer assistance along psychosocial lines,thus aiding both patients and *** individualized care with personal connections is crucial for effective services,this approach can make it difficult to ensure that all clients receive adequate psychological ***,there has been a call to enhance the training to produce nurses who offer high-quality *** study emphasizes a more holistic approach toward the emotional needs of patie

关键词： Nursing education psychosocial oncology care qualitative Saudi Arabia

The Risk Factors of Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients Post Axillary Clearance

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Surgical Science 2023年第10期14卷 658-666页

作者： Fatamah Kahtani Abdulaziz alamoudi Amal Alosaimi Ayman Kurdi Ziyad Saifaddin Zaher Mikwar Galia Jadkarim General Surgery Department King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah Saudi Arabia Orthopedic Department King Fahad University Hospital Al-Khobar Saudi Arabia Obstetrics and Gynecology Department King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah Saudi Arabia Urology Department King Faisal Hospital Taif Saudi Arabia Forensic Medicine Department Forensic Medicine Center Jeddah Saudi Arabia Surgical Oncology and General Surgery Department King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah Saudi Arabia Surgical Breast Oncoplasty and General Surgery Department King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Breast cancer is the number one malignancy affecting females in Saudi Arabia with a prevalence of 22.4%. Breast cancer incidence increases annually due to the aid of established screening programs, leading to the discovery of breast cancer in its early stages. Surgical treatment is an integral part of early breast cancer management to achieve local control. Axillary surgical interventions such sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and axillary lymph node clearance (ALND) aim to stage the axilla as an adjunct to the management of the primary breast tumor. In this paper, we reviewed female breast cancer patients aged 30 - 60 who underwent surgical treatment of SLNB and/or ALND with reporting the prevalence of lymphedema and other associated complications and risk factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional non-interventional study, with a sample size of 250 including breast cancer cases from 2016 to 2019 at National Guard Hospital (NGH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: A total of 253 breast cancer cases were included in this study, with a mean age of 53 years, 52.7% were postmenopausal and positive family history was present among 21% of cases. Further, 90.9% of the cases had unilateral disease. Staging was as follows: stage I 14.5%, stage II 45.2%, stage III 37.1%, and stage IV 3.2%. Mastectomy was done in 73.4% cases and lumpectomy was performed in 34.1% of cases. In addition, 93.3% of patients had SLNB and 49% of them were positive. Axillary dissection was performed in 69.6% of our patients. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given to 71.8% and 80.4% of cases respectively. Among the chemotherapy (chemo) recipients, 40.2% received adjuvant chemo, 54.5% received neoadjuvant chemo, and the remaining 5.3% received both. Further, the most prevalent complication was pain accounting for 42.1% of total complications, and the least prevalent was cellulitis 4%. Also, seroma developed in 18.3% cases, paresthesia noted in 5.6% of cases, winged scapula was reported as 2%

关键词： Lymphedema Breast Cancer Axillary Lymph Node Clearance Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Mastectomy Lumpectomy

Bile acid indices as biomarkers for liver diseases I:Diagnostic markers

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第4期13卷 433-455页

作者： Jawaher Abdullah alamoudi Wenkuan Li Nagsen Gautam Marco Olivera Jane Meza Sandeep Mukherjee Yazen Alnouti Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineCreighton University Medical CenterOmahaNE 68124United States

BACKGROUND Hepatobiliary diseases result in the accumulation of toxic bile acids(BA)in the liver,blood,and other tissues which may contribute to an unfavorable *** To discover and validate diagnostic biomarkers of cholestatic liver diseases based on the urinary BA *** We analyzed urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and compared the urinary BA profile between 300 patients with hepatobiliary diseases vs 103 healthy controls by statistical *** BA profile was characterized using BA indices,which quantifies the composition,metabolism,hydrophilicity,and toxicity of the BA *** indices have much lower interand intra-individual variability compared to absolute concentrations of *** addition,BA indices demonstrate high area under the receiver operating characteristic curves,and changes of BA indices are associated with the risk of having a liver disease,which demonstrates their use as diagnostic biomarkers for cholestatic liver *** Total and individual BA concentrations were higher in all *** percentage of secondary BA(lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid)was significantly lower,while the percentage of primary BA(chenodeoxycholic acid,cholic acid,and hyocholic acid)was markedly higher in patients compared to *** addition,the percentage of taurine-amidation was higher in patients than *** increase in the non-12α-OH BA was more profound than 12α-OH BA(cholic acid and deoxycholic acid)causing a decrease in the 12α-OH/non-12α-OH ratio in *** trend was stronger in patients with more advanced liver diseases as reflected by the model for end-stage liver disease score and the presence of hepatic *** percentage of sulfation was also higher in patients with more severe forms of liver *** BA indices have much lower inter-and intra-individual variability compared to absolute BA concentrations and changes of BA indices are associated with the

关键词： Hepatobiliary diseases Bile acids Bile acid indices Diagnosis Biomarker Liver diseases