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Microstructural analysis of organic matter in shale by SAXS and WAXS methods

Petroleum Science 2022年第3期19卷 979-989页

作者： Kou-Qi Liu Zhi-Jun Jin Lian-Bo Zeng Meng-Di Sun Bo Liu Ho Won Jang majid safaei-farouji Mohammadreza Shokouhimer Mehdi Ostadhassan Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Accumulation and Efficient Development Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqingHeilongjiang 163318China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea School of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Geology Ferdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran

Characterizing the kerogen-hosted pore structures is essential to understand the adsorption,transport and storage potential in organic-rich shale *** this paper,we first separated the organic matter(kerogen)from the mineral matrix in four different shale samples of the Bakken Formation with different thermal maturities and then analyzed their chemical compositions using the wide-angle X-ray scattering(WAXS)***,we acquired small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)to characterize the structure of the organic matter and see how these two will *** WAXS results showed that the isolated kerogens have high purity(free of inorganic minerals)and retain different chemical ***,SAXS analysis revealed that the isolated kerogens have similar radius of gyration(R_(g))which is around 90Åand the molecules are in the compact *** on the pore size distribution analysis from the SAXS data,two main peaks were found in all of these four samples with one peak less than 40Åand the other one larger than 1000Å.Also,the TEM images revealed that Sample 1 is abundant in pores with sizes around 20 nm while Sample 2 does not have pores of that size,which agrees with the results from the pore size distribution that was obtained from the SAXS ***,this study exhibits how different analytical instruments can provide us with useful information from complex structures of geomaterials.

关键词： Isolated kerogen Bakken shale SAXS WAXS Pore structures

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Optimally Connected Hybrid Complex Networks with Windmill Graphs Backbone

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2020年第4期33卷 903-929页

作者： safaei Farshad BABAEI Amin MOUDI Mehrnaz Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran School of Computer Science Institute for Research in Fundamental SciencesTehranIran Department of Computer Engineering University of Torbat HeydariehTorbat HeydariehIran

The significance of the existing analysis methods in complex networks and easy access to the ever-increasing volume of information present the emergence of proposing new methods in various fields based on complex system ideas. However, these systems are usually faced with various random failures and intelligent attacks. Due to the nature of the components’ behaviors, the occurrence of the failures and faults in their operations and the alteration of their topologies are the most important problems. Since the complex systems are usually used as the infrastructures of other networks, their robustness against failures and the adoption of suitable precautions are necessary. Moreover, the smallworld effect in most complex systems is one of the crucial structural features. The authors found that the relation between these two is not well-known and may even be in conflict in some networks. The main goal in this paper is to achieve an optimal topology by utilizing a robustness-oriented multiobjective trade-off optimization model(edge rewiring) to establish a peaceful relationship between the two requirements. By offering a proposed rewiring method with the small-world effect, which is called core-periphery Windmill property, the authors demonstrated that the generated networks are able to exhibit appropriate robustness even during intelligent attacks. The results obtained in terms of Windmill graphs are presented very good approximations to demonstrate the small-world effect. These graphs are used as the initial core in the construction of the optimized networks’ topologies.

关键词： effect. utilizing Optimal

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A convenient synthesis of 2-aminocyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic esters by FeCl_3/SiO_2 nanoparticles as robust and efficient catalyst

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第6期26卷 735-738页

作者： Sima Kalhor Javad safaei-Ghomi Department of Chemistry Qom BranchIslamic Azad University

A simple and green method has been developed for the synthesis of 2-aminocyclohex-l-ene-l- carboxylic esters through a one-pot three-component condensation reaction of primary amines, ethyl acetoacetate and chalcones using FeCI3/SiO2 nanoparticles in ethanol. This method has several advantages such as high to excellent product yields in short time, using an inexpensive and reusable catalyst and available starting material.

关键词： FeCl3/SiO2 nanoparticlesMulti-component reactionsOne-pot2-Aminocyclohex-l-ene-l-carboxylicestersChalcone

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Couple stress-based nonlinear primary resonant dynamics of FGM composite truncated conical microshells integrated with magnetostrictive layers

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第2期42卷 209-222页

作者： Yong YANG S.SAHMANI B.safaei School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Mechanical Rotating Equipment Department Niroo Research Institute(NRI)Tehran 14665-517Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Eastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta 99628North Cyprus via Mersin 10Turkey

The size-dependent geometrically nonlinear harmonically soft excited oscillation of composite truncated conical microshells(CTCMs)made of functionally graded materials(FGMs)integrated with magnetostrictive layers is *** is supposed that the FGM CTCMs are subjected to mechanical soft excitations together with external magnetic *** analytical framework is created by a microstructuredependent shell model having the 3rd-order distribution of shear deformation based on the modified couple stress(MCS)continuum *** the aid of the discretized form of differential operators developed via the generalized differential quadrature technique,a numerical solution methodology is introduced for obtaining the couple stress-based amplitude and frequency responses related to the primary resonant dynamics of the FGM *** phenomena due to the loss of the first stability branch and falling down to the lower stable branch can be seen in the nonlinear primary resonance of the FGM *** is demonstrated that the hardening type of nonlinearity results in bending the frequency response to the right side,and the MCS type of size effect weakens this ***,for higher material gradient indexes,the hardening type of nonlinearity is enhanced,and the MCS-based frequency response bends more considerably to the right side.

关键词： truncated conical shell size dependency functionally graded composite nonlinear resonance piezo-magnetic material

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Isogeometric nonlocal strain gradient quasi-three-dimensional plate model for thermal postbuckling of porous functionally graded microplates with central cutout with different shapes

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第6期42卷 771-786页

作者： Rui SONG S.SAHMANI B.safaei Department of Civil and Architecture Engineering Nanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang 330099China Mechanical Rotating Equipment Department Niroo Research Institute(NRI)Tehran 14665-517Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Easten Mediterranean UnivensityFamagusta 99628North Cyprus via Mersin 10Turkey

This study presents the size-dependent nonlinear thermal postbuckling characteristics of a porous functionally graded material(PFGM) microplate with a central cutout with various shapes using isogeometric numerical technique incorporating nonuniform rational B-splines. To construct the proposed non-classical plate model, the nonlocal strain gradient continuum elasticity is adopted on the basis of a hybrid quasithree-dimensional(3D) plate theory under through-thickness deformation conditions by only four variables. By taking a refined power-law function into account in conjunction with the Touloukian scheme, the temperature-porosity-dependent material properties are extracted. With the aid of the assembled isogeometric-based finite element formulations,nonlocal strain gradient thermal postbuckling curves are acquired for various boundary conditions as well as geometrical and material parameters. It is portrayed that for both size dependency types, by going deeper in the thermal postbuckling domain, gaps among equilibrium curves associated with various small scale parameter values get lower, which indicates that the pronounce of size effects reduces by going deeper in the thermal postbuckling regime. Moreover, we observe that the central cutout effect on the temperature rise associated with the thermal postbuckling behavior in the presence of the effect of strain gradient size and absence of nonlocality is stronger compared with the case including nonlocality in absence of the strain gradient small scale effect.

关键词： porosity functionally graded(FG)composite isogeometric approach quasi-three-dimensional(3D)plate theory nonlocal strain gradient elasticity

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Numerical simulation of the Hall effect in magnetized accretion disks with the Pluto code

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第1期14卷 93-103页

作者： Mohammad Nakhaei Ghasem safaei Shahram Abbassi School of Physics Damghan University School of Astronomy Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Department of Physics School of SciencesFerdowsi University of Mashhad

We investigate the Hall effect in a standard magnetized accretion disk which is accompanied by dissipation due to viscosity and magnetic resistivity. By consider- ing an initial magnetic field, using the PLUTO code, we perform a numerical magne- tohydrodynamic simulation in order to study the effect of Hall diffusion on the physi- cal structure of the disk. Current density and temperature of the disk are significantly modified by Hall diffusion, but the global structure of the disk is not substantially affected. The changes in the current densities and temperature of the disk lead to a modification in the disk luminosity and radiation.

关键词： Hall effect -- accretion disks

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Size-dependent shear buckling response of FGM skew nanoplates modeled via different homogenization schemes

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第4期41卷 587-604页

作者： Yuan YUAN KeZHAO S.SAHMANI B.safaei School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Science and Technology The University of GeorgiaTbilisi 0171Georgia School of Mechanical Engineering Eastern Mediterranean UniversityG.MagosaTRNC Mersin 10Turkey

The size effects on the shear buckling behaviors of skew nanoplates made of functionally graded materials(FGMs)are *** material properties are supposed to be changed uniformly from the ceramic phase to the metal one along the plate *** estimate the associated effective material properties,various homogenization schemes including the Reuss model,the Voigt model,the Mori-Tanaka model,and the Hashin-Shtrikman bound model are *** nonlocal elasticity theory together with the oblique coordinate system is applied to the higher-order shear deformation plate theory to develop a size-dependent plate model for the shear buckling analysis of FGM skew *** Ritz method using Gram-Schmidt shape functions is used to solve the size-dependent *** is found that the significance of the nonlocality in the reduction of the shear buckling load of an FGM skew nanoplate increases for a higher value of the material property gradient ***,by increasing the skew angle,the critical shear buckling load of an FGM skew nanoplate *** pattern becomes a bit less significant for a higher value of the material property gradient ***,among various homogenization models,the Voigt and Reuss models in order estimate the overestimated and underestimated shear buckling loads,and the difference between them reduces by increasing the aspect ratio of the skew nanoplate.

关键词： microstructure functionally graded material(FGM) Ritz method shear buckling nonlocal theory of elasticity

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles:A highly efficient and readily recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of xanthenes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第11期23卷 1225-1229页

作者： Javad safaei-Ghomi Mohammad Ali Ghasemzadeh Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Kashan

A novel and efficient route for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes and 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes is described through one-pot multi-component reaction of dimedone and 2-naphthol with various aryl aldehydes using ZnO nanoparticles under solvent-free conditions. This method provides a novel and improved pathway for the synthesis of xanthenes in the terms of excellent yields, short reaction times, reusability and low catalyst loading.

关键词： ZnO nanoparticles Xanthene Solvent-free Multi-component reaction Heterogeneous catalysts

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Pseudo five-component process for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides using CuI nanoparticles as reusable catalyst

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第3期24卷 195-198页

作者： Abolfazl Ziarati Javad safaei-Ghomi Sahar Rohani Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of KashanKashan 51167Islamic Republic of Iran

An efficient and multicomponent method has been developed for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides at room temperature using CuI nanoparticles as catalyst. This method involved fivecomponent coupling reactions of Meldrum＇s acid, isocyanides with aromatic aldehydes and amines at room temperature. Atom economy, wide range of products, excellent yields in short time and mild reaction conditions are some of the important features of this protocol. Notably, this catalyst could be recycled and reused for several times without significantly decreasing the catalytic activity.

关键词： TricarboxamidesCopper iodide nanoparticlesMulticomponent reactionsReusable catalyst

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Nonlinear free vibrations of porous composite microplates incorporating various microstructural-dependent strain gradient tensors

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第6期43卷 825-844页

作者： Duquan ZUO B.safaei S.SAHMANI Guoling MA Aviation Engineering College Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307Sichuan ProvinceChina Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Advanced Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404100China Department of Mechanical Engineering Eastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta 99628North Cyprus via Mersin 10Turkey School of Science and Technology The University of GeorgiaTbilisi 0171Georgia

The main objective of the present numerical analysis is to predict the nonlinear frequency ratios associated with the nonlinear free vibration response of porous composite plates at microscale in the presence of different microstructural gradient *** achieve this end,by taking cubic-type elements into account,isogeometric models of porous composite microplates are obtained with and without a central cutout and relevant to various porosity patterns of distribution along the plate *** established unconventional models have the capability to capture the effects of various unconventional gradient tensors continuity on the basis of a refined shear deformable plate *** the simply supported microsized uniform porous functionally graded material(UPFGM)plate having the oscillation amplitude equal to the plate thickness,it is revealed that the rotation gradient tensor causes to reduce the frequency ratio about 0.73%,the dilatation gradient tensor causes to reduce it about 1.93%,and the deviatoric stretch gradient tensor leads to a decrease of it about 5.19%.On the other hand,for the clamped microsized U-PFGM plate having the oscillation amplitude equal to the plate thickness,these percentages are equal to 0.62%,1.64%,and 4.40%,***,it is found that by changing the boundary conditions from clamped to simply supported,the effect of microsize on the reduction of frequency ratio decreases a bit.

关键词： size dependency isogeometric approach nonlinear dynamics geometric approximation micromechanics

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