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Ultrafast Laser-Induced Excellent Thermoelectric Performance of PEDOT:PSS Films

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 425-431页

作者： Xuewen Wang Yuzhe Feng Kaili Sun Nianyao Chai Bo mai Sheng Li Xiangyu Chen Wenyu Zhao Qingjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyNo.122Luoshi Rd.Wuhan 430070China Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory No.1Yangming Rd.Foshan 528200China

Because poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is water processable,thermally stable,and highly conductive,PEDOT:PSS and its composites have been considered to be one of the most promising flexible thermoelectric ***,the PEDOT:PSS film prepared from its commercial aqueous dispersion usually has very low conductivity,thus cannot be directly utilized for TE ***,a simple environmental friendly strategy via femtosecond laser irradiation without any chemical dopants and treatments was *** optimal conditions,the electrical conductivity of the treated film is increased to 803.1 S cm^(-1)from 1.2 S cm^(-1)around three order of magnitude higher,and the power factor is improved to 19.0μW m^(-1)K^(-2),which is enhanced more than 200 *** mechanism for such remarkable enhancement was attributed to the transition of the PEDOT chains from a coil to a linear or expanded coil conformation,reduction of the interplanar stacking distance,and the removal of insulating PSS with increasing the oxidation level of PEDOT,facilitating the charge *** work presents an effective route for fabricating high-performance flexible conductive polymer films and wearable thermoelectric devices.

关键词： electrical conductivity PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric film ultrafast laser irradiation

Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Hannah Rice Markus Kurz Patrick mai Leon Robertz Kevin Bill Timothy R.Derrick Steffen Willwacher Department of Physical Performance Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Sports Tech Research Centre Mid Sweden UniversityÖstersund SE-83125Sweden Department of mechanical and Process Engineering Offenburg University of Applied SciencesOffenburg 77652Germany Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany Department of Kinesiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background:Internal tibial loading is influenced by modifiable factors with implications for the risk of stress *** encounter varied surface steepness(gradients)when running outdoors and may adapt their speed according to the *** study aimed to quantify tibial bending moments and stress at the anterior and posterior peripheries when running at different speeds on surfaces of different ***:Twenty recreational runners ran on a treadmill at 3 different speeds(2.5 m/s,3.0 m/s,and 3.5 m/s)and gradients(level:0%;uphill:+5%,+10%,and+15%;downhill:-5%,-10%,and-15%).Force and marker data were collected synchronously *** moments were estimated at the distal third centroid of the tibia about the medial-lateral axis by ensuring static equilibrium at each 1%of *** was derived from bending moments at the anterior and posterior peripheries by modeling the tibia as a hollow ***-way repeated-measures analysis of variance were conducted using both functional and discrete statistical ***:There were significant main effects for running speed and gradient on peak bending moments and peak anterior and posterior *** running speeds resulted in greater tibial *** uphill at+10%and+15%resulted in greater tibial loading than level *** downhill at-10%and-15%resulted in reduced tibial loading compared to level *** was no difference between+5%or-5%and level ***:Running at faster speeds and uphill on gradients≥+10%increased internal tibial loading,whereas slower running and downhill running on gradients≥-10%reduced internal *** running speed according to the gradient could be a protective mechanism,providing runners with a strategy to minimize the risk of tibial stress injuries.

关键词： Bending moments Gradient Musculoskeletal modeling Overuse injury Tibial stress Training factors

Recent progress of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare metals 2024年第6期43卷 2444-2468页

作者： Feng Zhan Kun-Song Hu Jin-Hua mai Li-Sheng Zhang Zhen-Guo Zhang Huan He Xin-Hua Liu School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China IDTECH(Suzhou)Co.Ltd Suzhou 215217China Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

With the increasing consumption of fossil fuels,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have attracted considerable attention as green and sustainable energy conversion *** slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)has a major impact on the performance of PEMFCs,and although platinum(Pt)can accelerate the reaction rate of the ORR,the scarcity and high cost of Pt resources still limit the development of ***,the development of low-cost high-performance ORR catalysts is essential for the commercial application and development of *** paper reviews the research progress of researchers on Pt-based ORR catalysts in recent years,including Pt/C catalysts,Pt-based alloy catalysts,Pt-based intermetallic compounds,and Pt-based single-atom catalysts(SACs),with a focus on Pt-based alloy catalysts with different *** described in detail the difficulties and solutions in the research process of various ORR catalysts and explained the principle of their activity enhancement with density functional theory(DFT).In addition,an outlook on the development of Pt-based catalysts is given,and reducing the amount of Pt used and improving the performance of catalysts are the directions to work on in the coming period.

关键词： Pt-based catalysts PEMFCs Pt-based intermetallic compounds Single-atom catalysts

Insight into the mechanism of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electroreduction to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan over Cu anchored N-doped carbon nanosheets

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7991-7999页

作者： Haoran Wu Xinwei Chen Haishan Xu Runlu Yang Xin Wang Junying Chen Zhenbing Xie Liang Wu Yiyong mai School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgeingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Chemistry Tangshan Normal UniversityTangshan 063000China

Design of non-noble metal electrocatalysts for biomass conversion to high-value chemicals and understanding the related catalytic mechanisms are of profound significance but have remained a major ***,we developed a novel biomass-derived electrocatalyst(denoted as Cu/NC),featuring with electron-deficient copper nanoparticles anchored on N-doped carbon nanosheets,for the electrochemical reduction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan(BHMF,a vital precursor of functional polymers).The optimized Cu/NC electrocatalyst exhibited an excellent performance with high Faradaic efficiency(89.5%)and selectivity(90.8%)of BHMF at a low concentration of HMF(18.1 mM).Even at a very high HMF concentration(108.6 mM),the Faraday efficiency and selectivity of BHMF could still reach 74.8%and 81.1%,*** performance approached those of the reported noble metal-based *** study revealed that the N doping in the Cu/NC catalyst could regulate the electronic structure of Cu,strengthening the adsorption of the HMF carbonyl group,and thus boosting the selectivity of ***,strong electronic metal-support interactions of Cu and the N-doped carbon support optimized the charge transfer rate,thus promoting the dissociation of water to the active hydrogen(H^(*))species and boosting the reaction kinetic rate of H^(*)and HMF.

关键词： biomass 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrochemical reduction N-doped carbon materials 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan

Carbon allocation in Picea jezoensis:Adaptation strategies of a non-treeline species at its upper elevation limit

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 347-357页

作者： Renkai Dong Na Li mai-He Li Yu Cong Haibo Du Decai Gao Hong S.He Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China School of Natural Resources University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL8903BirmensdorfSwitzerland Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China School of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China

Understanding the physiological adaptations of non-treeline trees to environmental stress is important to understand future shifts in species composition and distribution of current treeline *** aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms of the formation of the upper elevation limit of non-treeline tree species,Picea jezoensis,and the carbon allocation strategies of the species on Changbai *** employed the^(13)C in situ pulse labeling technique to trace the distribution of photosynthetically assimilated carbon in Picea jezoensis at different elevational positions(tree species at its upper elevation limit(TSAUE,1,700 m a.s.l.)under treeline ecotone;tree species at a lower elevation position(TSALE,1,400 m a.s.l.).We analyzed^(13)C and the non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)concentrations in various tissues following *** findings revealed a significant shift in carbon allocation in TSAUE compared to *** was a pronounced increase inδ^(13)C allocation to belowground components(roots,soil,soil respiration)in TSAUE compared to ***,the C flow rate within the plant-soil-atmosphere system was faster,and the C residence time in the plant was shorter in *** trends indicate enhanced C sink activity in belowground tissues in TSAUE,with newly assimilated C being preferentially directed there,suggesting a more conservative C allocation strategy by *** at higher elevations under harsher *** a strategy,prioritizing C storage in roots,likely aids in withstanding winter cold stress at the expense of aboveground growth during the growing season,leading to reduced growth of TSAUE compared to *** results of the present study shed light on the adaptive mechanisms governing the upper elevation limits of non-treeline trees,and enhances our understanding of how non-treeline species might respond to ongoing climate change.

关键词： ^(13)C pulse labeling Carbon distribution Non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) Non-treeline species Sink activity Stressful environments Upper elevation limit

The evolution,pathogenicity and transmissibility of quadruple reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus in China:A potential threat to public health

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 205-217页

作者： Xinxin Cui Jinhuan Ma Zifeng Pang Lingzhi Chi Cuishan mai Hanlin Liu Ming Liao Hailiang Sun College of Veterinary medicine South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College Weifang261061China Institute of Animal Health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou510640China

Swine are regarded as“intermediate hosts”or“mixing vessels”of influenza viruses,capable of generating strains with pandemic *** 2020 to 2021,we conducted surveillance on swine H1N2 influenza(swH1N2)viruses in swine farms located in Guangdong,Yunnan,and Guizhou provinces in southern China,as well as Henan and Shandong provinces in northern *** systematically analyzed the evolution and pathogenicity of swH1N2 isolates,and characterized their replication and transmission *** isolated viruses are quadruple reassortant H1N2 viruses containing genes from pdm/09 H1N1(PB2,PB1,PA and NP genes),triple-reassortant swine(NS gene),Eurasian Avian-like(HA and M genes),and recent human H3N2(NA gene)*** NA,PB2,and NP of SW/188/20 and SW/198/20 show high gene similarities to A/Guangdong/Yue Fang277/2017(H3N2).The HA gene of swH1N2 exhibits a high evolutionary *** five swH1N2 isolates replicate efficiently in human,canine,and swine cells,as well as in the turbinate,trachea,and lungs of mice.A/swine/Shandong/198/2020 strain efficiently replicates in the respiratory tract of pigs and effectively transmitted among ***,these current swH1N2 viruses possess zoonotic potential,highlighting the need for strengthened surveillance of swH1N2 viruses.

关键词： Swine influenza virus(SIV) H1N2 Evolution Replication Pathogenicity Zoonotic potential

Light grazing alleviates aeolian erosion–deposition effects on microbial communities in a semi-arid grassland

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 148-164页

作者： Mingming Cui Biqi Bao Yipu Wu Nan Hui mai-He Li Shiqiang Wan Shijie Han Feirong Ren Junqiang Zheng International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology School of Life Sciences Henan University Yellow River Floodplain Ecosystems Research Station School of Life Sciences Henan University School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Forest Dynam-ics Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of Education School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal University School of Life Science Hebei University

Background Soil erosion affects the stability of terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem services by directly or indirectly impacting the cycling of soil materials and energy and reducing the fertility of grassland soils. However, research on microbial adaptation to grazing and soil erosion is limited, particularly in relation to grassland ecosystem restora-tion. Here, we assess microbial communities subjected to simulated soil erosion and grazing in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, *** No significant change was observed in soil variables. However, the structure of the soil microbial commu-nity underwent significant changes as a result of soil erosion and soil erosion plus grazing, leading to a significant increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria(116.80% vs 116.38%). Wind erosion and deposition contributed to an increase in the network complexity of soil bacterial and fungal communities. However, much of this effect was alleviated by grazing. Simultaneously, aeolian processes and grazing regulate soil microbial community assembly, leading to inconsistent patterns of change in bacterial and fungal communities. Under wind erosion and deposi-tion, the relative contribution of deterministic processes(4.44% vs 31.11%) in bacterial communities increased, while the relative contribution of stochastic processes(2.23% vs 20%) in fungal communities reduced. Grazing resulted in a decrease in the relative contribution of deterministic processes(8.89%) in the bacterial community and an increase in the relative contribution of stochastic processes(8.89%) in the fungal *** This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the response of soil microbial communities to aeolian erosion–deposition and grazing in a semi-arid grassland. Our findings indicate that microbial communities in the semi-arid grassland show resistance to external disturbances and that light grazing mitigates the effects of aeo-lian erosion–deposition on microbial co

关键词： Semi-arid grassland Erosion Grazing Soil microbial community network Deposition

Low-temperature-pyrolysis preparation of nanostructured graphite towards rapid potassium storage with high initial Coulombic efficiency

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5138-5147页

作者： Jingke Ren Boyu Xing Wen Luo Binyang Luo Xinfei Wu Xin Yan Wencong Feng Feiyue Wang Chaojie Cheng Liqiang mai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Department of Physics School of ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Industrially prepared artificial graphite(AG)is attractive for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs),but its rate performance is poor and the production process is energy intensive,so developing an efficient strategy to produce novel graphite with low energy consumption and high performance is economically ***,a nanostructured graphite composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)and graphite shells was prepared by one-pot method through low-temperature pyrolysis of iron-based metal-organic framework(MOF)and carbon *** high graphitization degree of nanostructured graphite makes the initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)exceed 80%,and the three-dimensional(3D)conductive network ensures a specific capacity of 234 mAh·g^(−1)after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 500 mA·g^(−1).In addition,the typical graphite potassium storage mechanism is also demonstrated by in situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)and in situ Raman spectroscopy,and its practicality is also proved by the voltage of the full *** work provides a feasible way to optimize the practical production process of AG and expand its application in energy storage.

关键词： graphite anode potassium-ion batteries high graphitization degree low-temperature pyrolysis initial Coulombic efficiency

Repeatability,interocular correlation and agreement of optic nerve head vessel density in healthy eyes:a sweptsource optical coherence tomographic angiography study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 896-903页

作者： Dan-Qi Fang Da-Wei Yang Xiao-Ting mai Carol Y Cheung Hao-Yu Chen Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University&the Chinese University of Hong KongShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy ***:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were *** ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning *** of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were *** repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman ***:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel ***:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy *** interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.

关键词： interocular correlation repeatability optic nerve head optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density