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Needs of exploring the burden of recent onset seizures due to neurocysticercosis and challenges in southeast Asia focusing on scenario in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第4期10卷 313-321页

作者： Sahu Priyadarshi S Lim Yvonne AL mahmud rohela Somanath Sushela D Tan Chong T Ramachandran CP Division of Pathology School of MedicineInternational Medical University Department of Parasitology Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Division of Neurology Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Chairperson Programme Review GroupNeglected Tropical Diseases-WHO-Western Pacific Region

Seizures due to neurocysticercosis(NCC) is a neglected human-to-human transmitted disorder and an emerging problem worldwide.A substantial portion of recent onset seizures is known to be attributed to NCC in Taenia solium(T.solium) endemic areas where populations which neither raise pigs nor eat pig meat are also at risk.High prevalence of NCC causing epilepsy has been reported in the underdeveloped areas of Southeast Asia(SEA) however,only fragmentary information on its incidence is available in countries like Malaysia.In Malaysia T.solium infection was previously thought to be infrequent due to Muslim population majority and the religious prohibition of consuming pork,but it is not totally absent There is an evident lack of knowledge and awareness of the actual burden,routes of transmission,and the impact of NCC in this region.The problem is assumed to be more prevalent particularly in cities because of the frequent inflow of possibly T.solium infected individuals or carriers among those who migrate from neighboring endemic countries to Malaysia.The issue of imported cases that are likely to be emerging in Malaysia is highlighted here.An accurate quantification of regional burdens of epilepsy due to NCC in Malaysia is warranted considering the disease emergence in its neighboring countries.It is suggested that the importance of NCC be recognized through quantification of its burden,and also to collect epidemiological data for its subsequent elimination in line of World Health Organization's mission for control of cysticercosis as a neglected tropical disease.In this review the need as well as a strategy for neurc-care center screening of epilepsy cases,and various issues with possible explanations are discussed.It is also proposed that NCC be declared as a reportable disease which is one of the eradicable public health problems in SEA.

关键词： Seizure Recent onset seizure NTD Cysticercosis Neurocysticercosis Southeast Asia Malaysia

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Fatal case of amoebic liver abscess in a child

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第10期8卷 858-860页

作者： Khuen Foong Ng Kah Kee Tan Romano Ngui Yvonne AL Lim Amirah Amir Yamuna Rajoo Hamimah Hassan rohela mahmud Department of Pediatric Tuanku Jaafar Hospital Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya

We reported a case of amoebic liver abscess(ALA) in a 6-year-old Malaysian boy who presented with fever,lethargy,diarrhea and right hypochondriac pain.On admission he was diagnosed with perforated acute appendicitis and a laparotomy was done.After surgery he developed acute respiratory distress.Ultrasonography,chest X-Ray and CT scan revealed two ALAs in the posterior segment of right lobe of liver,pleural effusion and collapsed consolidation of lungs bilaterally.Percutaneous liver abscesses drainage was done and intravenous Metronidazole was started.PCR carried out on the pus from the abscess was positive for Entamoeba histolytica.Patient however succumbed to the infection one week after admission.

关键词： Amoebic liver abscess Entamoeba histolytica Childr

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Liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly associated with Schistosoma mansoni in a Sudanese woman in Malaysia:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第4期8卷 334-336页

作者： Yamuna Rajoo rohela mahmud Ng Rong Xiang Sharifah F.S.Omar G Kumar Yvonne A.L Lim Arine Fadzlun Ahmad Amirah Amir Zurainee Mohamed Nor Romano Ngui Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Biomedical Imaging Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya

We report a case of a patient with Schistosoma mansoni infection who presented with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly.She was diagnosed by a serological test and Kato-Katz thick smear stool examination.The patient was a 52-year-old woman from Sudan who came to Malaysia for a week to visit her sons.The patient lives in the middle of Rabak region,Sudan,a highly endemic area for schistosomiasis where her daily routine includes rearing of cows and farming.The site of toilet and sources of drinking water are canals and wells;both infested with snails.Patient had a long history of exposure and coming into contact with water from these canals and wells.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Liver cirrhosis Splenomegaly Sudanese woman

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A community-based survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in rural areas of Taiz governorate,Yemen:the risk of waterborne transmission

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 219-224页

作者： Mohammed A.K.Mahdy Lina M.Q.Alareqi Rashad Abdul-Ghani Samira M.A.Al-Eryani Abdullah A.Al-Mikhlafy Abdulsalam M.Al-Mekhlafi Fawzya Alkarshy rohela mahmud Tropical Disease Research Center University of Science and TechnologySana’aYemen Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesSana’a UniversitySana’aYemen Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Community Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Science and TechnologySana’aYemen Yemeni-Swedish Hospital Ministry of Public Health and PopulationTaizYemen

Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic coccidian parasite causing morbidity and mortality.In Yemen,T.gondii infection has been reported among pregnant women seeking healthcare in the main cities.However,no data are available on the prevalence of T.gondii infection and its associated risk factors among pregnant women in the rural communities of the country.Thus,the present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T.gondii and identify its risk factors among pregnant women in the rural communities of Taiz governorate,Yemen.Methods:A total of 359 pregnant women living in the rural communities of Taiz governorate were enrolled in this study by house-to-house visits.Data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire,and blood samples were collected and tested for the detection of anti-T.gondii IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The prevalence of T.gondii infection among pregnant women in this study was 46.2%(166/359).Bivariate analysis identified the age of≥30 years(odds ratio[OR]=1.7;95%confidence interval[CI]=1.09-2.65,P=0.019)and unimproved water sources(OR=2.2;95%CI=1.10-4.55,P=0.023)as factors associated with T.gondii infection among pregnant women.The multivariable analysis,however,identified unimproved water sources as an independent risk factor(adjusted OR=2.4;95%CI=1.16-5.0,P=0.018)associated with T.gondii infection among pregnant women.Conclusions:Pregnant women in the rural communities of Taiz,Yemen are at high risk of contracting T.gondii infection.Unimproved water sources(wells,water streams and water tanks)are significantly associated with T.gondii infection and should be considered in prevention and control strategies,especially among pregnant women.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Rural communities Pregnant women Waterborne transmission Yemen

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