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Effects of high glucose and severe hypoxia on the biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells at various passages

World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 434-443页

作者： Fatimah Almahasneh Ejlal Abu-el-Rub Ramada R Khasawneh Rawan Almazari Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty of MedicineYarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been extensively studied for therapeutic potential,due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory *** passage and stress factors may affect the biological characteristics of MSCs,but the details of these effects have not been recognized *** To investigate the effects of stress factors(high glucose and severe hypoxia)on the biological characteristics of MSCs at different passages,in order to optimize the therapeutic applications of *** In this study,we investigated the impact of two stress conditions;severe hypoxia and high glucose on human adipose-tissue derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)at passages 6(P6),P8,and ***,senescence and apoptosis were evaluated measuring WST-1,senescence-associated beta-galactosidase,and annexin V,*** Cells at P6 showed decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis under conditions of high glucose and hypoxia compared to control,while the extent of senescence did not change significantly under stress *** P8 hAD-MSCs cultured in stress conditions had a significant decrease in proliferation and apoptosis and a significant increase in senescence compared to counterpart cells at *** cultured in high glucose at P10 had lower proliferation and higher senescence than their counterparts in the previous passage,while no change in apoptosis was *** the other hand,MSCs cultured under hypoxia showed decreased senescence,increased apoptosis and no significant change in proliferation when compared to the same conditions at *** These results indicate that stress factors had distinct effects on the biological processes of MSCs at different passages,and suggest that senescence may be a protective mechanism for MSCs to survive under stress conditions at higher passage numbers.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells High glucose Hypoxia Stressful microenvironment Serial passage Senescence Apoptosis

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A Comparative Analysis on Surgical Outcomes and Complications of Endoscopic and Open Vein Harvesting Techniques

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2024年第2期14卷 29-39页

作者： Mohammed Fawzy eltaweel Ismail N. el-Sokkary Ahmed Alherazi Mohamed Wael Badawi Mohammed G. Abdellatif Bahaa A. elkhonezy Ibrahim K. Gamil Haytham Mohamed Abd el Moaty Sarra Sadmi mahmoud Khalil Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Faculty of Medicine University of Algiers Algiers Algeria Department of Cardiac Surgery Sabah Al-Ahmed Cardiac Center Al-Amiri Hospital Kuwait City Kuwait

Objective: The great saphenous vein (GSV) is commonly used as a conduit for grafting during CABG surgery, and open GSV harvesting (OVH), commonly used with long incision to expose the vein. However, endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) is an alternative approach, utilizing specialized instruments and small incisions to harvest the vein. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of patients who underwent Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) requiring great saphenous vein (GSV) harvesting which was done by EVH or OVH procedures. Demographic variables, including age and gender, were assessed for both groups. Intraoperative variables such as the number of grafts, cardiopulmonary bypass time, X clamp time, and type of procedure were analyzed. Postoperative variables, including infection and bleeding rates, were also evaluated. Results: The study included 30 patients each undergoing Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with need of great saphenous vein harvesting which was done by EVH and OVH. Demographic variables were well-matched between the two groups in terms of age, while a significant difference in gender distribution was observed. Obesity and smoking were more prevalent in the OVH group, and EVH was associated with a higher mean number of grafts compared to OVH. Conversion to an open technique occurred in a portion of the EVH cases, and infection rates did not significantly differ between the EVH and OVH groups. However, the incidence of postoperative bleeding was significantly higher in the EVH group. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative variables associated with EVH and OVH techniques. EVH demonstrated advantages in terms of reduced infection rates compared to OVH. However, the higher incidence of postoperative bleeding associated with EVH raises concerns about potential risks.

关键词： Endoscopic Vein Harvesting (EVH) Open Vein Harvesting (OVH) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) Surgical Outcomes

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Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Handwritten Document Enhancement

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3763-3786页

作者： Shu-Chuan Chu Xiaomeng Yang Li Zhang Václav Snášel Jeng-Shyang Pan College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520China Faculty of electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-TU OstravaOstrava70080Czech Republic Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan

The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.

关键词： Metaheuristic algorithm gannet optimization algorithm hybrid algorithm handwritten document enhancement

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Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment and Saccharification of Paper Sludge as a Renewable Material for Cellulosic Fibers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1573-1591页

作者： Samar el-Mekkawi Wafaa Abou-elseoud Shaimaa Fadel Enas Hassan Mohammad Hassan Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Recycling of paper sludge waste is crucial for establishing a sustainable green *** waste contains valuable sugars that can be converted into important chemicals such as ethanol,poly hydroxybutyrate,and lactic ***,the main challenge in obtaining sugars in high yield from paper sludge is the high crystallinity of cellulose,which hinders *** address this,pretreatment using phosphoric acid was optimized using response surface methodology to facilitate cellulose hydrolysis with minimal energy and *** created prediction model using the response surface method considered factors such as acid concentration(ranging from 60%to 85%),consistency(ranging from 4%to 10%),temperature(ranging from 25℃to 80℃),and time(ranging from 0.5 to 4 h).The results revealed that the model’s significant factors affecting the yield were acid concentration,reaction time,temperature,and the product of acid concentration and temperature,while the model’s significant factors affecting the crystallinity were the consistency,the temperature,and their *** results showed that the optimum conditions for pretreatment were using an acid concentration of 64%,temperature of 25℃,consistency of 10%,and time of 30 *** hydrolysis of the conditionally pretreated paper sludge resulted in a weight loss of 42%,compared to only 18%weight loss in non-pretreated paper ***,the optimized conditions led to low levels of furfurals and acetic acid,which are undesirable by-products that can interfere with sugar *** total sugar obtained under the optimized conditions was 0.43 g glucose/g sample(10.46 g/L),while the contents of methyl furfural,furfural,and acetic acid were 21.65,235.7,and 4.57 mg/L,*** study demonstrates the potential of phosphoric acid for pretreatment and hydrolysis of paper sludge,enabling efficient saccharification and the production of sugars with minimal undesired by-products.

关键词： Waste valorization fermentable sugars response surface methodology acid hydrolysis cellulose crystallinity

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Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of Geothermal Power Plant Based on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Using Mixture of Pure Working Fluids

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Energy Engineering 2024年第8期121卷 2023-2038页

作者： Abdul Sattar Laghari Mohammad Waqas Chandio Laveet Kumar Mamdouh el Haj Assad Department of Mechanical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoro76062Pakistan Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringQatar UniversityDoha00000Qatar Sustainable&Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of SharjahSharjah00000United Arab Emirates

The selection of working fluid significantly impacts the geothermal ORC’s *** a mixture as a working fluid is a strategy to improve the output of geothermal *** the current study,modelling and thermodynamic analysis of ORC,using geothermal as a heat source,is carried out at fixed operating *** model is simulated in the Engineering Equation Solver(EES).An environment-friendly mixture of fluids,i.e.,R245fa/R600a,with a suitable mole fraction,is used as the operating *** mixture provided the most convenient results compared to the pure working fluid under fixed operating *** impact of varying the evaporator pressure on the performance parameters,including energy efficiency,exergy efficiency and net power output is *** system provided the optimal performance once the evaporator pressure reached the maximum *** efficiencies:Energy and Exergy,and Net Power output of the system are 16.62%,64.08%and 2199 kW for the basic cycle and 20.72%,67.76%and 2326 kW respectively for the regenerative cycle.

关键词： Organic rankine cycle internal heat exchanger moderate-temperature geothermal source mixture of the fluid exergy

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Modelling the monthly hydrological balance using Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model:A case study of the Wadi Mina upstream watershed

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 161-177页

作者： Hanane Mebarki Noureddine Maref Mohammed el-Amine Dris Civil Engineering and Environmental Laboratory(LGCE) University of Djillali LiabèsFaculty of TechnologyHydraulics departmentBen M'Hidi districtP.O.Box 8922000Sidi Bel AbbèsAlgeria.

Modelling the hydrological balance in semi-arid zones is essential for effective water resource management,encompassing both surface water and *** study aims to model the monthly hydrological water cycle in the Wadi Mina upstream watershed(northwest Algeria)by applying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)hydrological *** modelling integrates spatial data such as the Digital elevation Model(DEM),land use,soil types and various meteorological parameters including precipitation,maximum and minimum temperatures,relative humidity,solar radiation and wind *** SWAT model was calibrated and validated using data from January 2012 to December 2014,with a calibra-tion period from January 2012 to August 2013 and a validation period from September 2013 to December *** and parameter calibration were conducted using the SWAT-SA program,and model performance evaluation relied on comparing the observed discharge at the outlet of the basin with model-simulated discharge,assessed through statistical coefficients including Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE),coefficient of determination(R2)and Percent Bias(PBAIS).Calibration results indicated favourable objec-tive function values(NSE=0.79,R2=0.93,PBAIS=-8.53%),although a slight decrease was observed during validation(NSE=0.69,R2=0.86,and PBAIS=-11.41%).The application of the SWAT model to the Wadi Mina upstream watershed highlighted its utility in simulating the spatial distribution of different components of the hydrological balance in this *** SWAT model revealed that approximately 71%of the precipitation in the basin evaporates,while only 29%contributes to surface runoff or infiltration into the soil.

关键词： SWAT model Performance Parameters Runoff Groundwater Wadi

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Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in Saudi children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Mohammad el Mouzan Ahmed Al Sarkhy Asaad Assiri Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology UnitKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11461Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition with a worldwide *** the etiology of this disease is still unknown,the understanding of the role of the microbiota is becoming increasingly *** To investigate the predictive power of the gut microbiota for the diagnosis of UC in a cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve Saudi children with *** The study population included 20 children with a confirmed diagnosis of UC and 20 healthy *** DNA was extracted and sequenced,and shotgun metagenomic analysis was performed for bacteria and *** and bioinformatics demonstrated significant dysbiosis in the form of reduced alpha diversity,beta diversity,and significant difference of abundance of taxa between children with UC and control *** receiver operating characteristic curve,a probability curve,was used to determine the difference between the UC and control *** area under the curve(AUC)represents the degree of separability between the UC group and the control *** AUC was calculated for all identified bacterial species and for bacterial species identified by the random forest classification algorithm as important potential biomarkers of UC.A similar method of AUC calculation for all bacteriophages and important species was *** The median age and range were 14(0.5-21)and 12.9(6.8-16.3)years for children with UC and controls,respectively,and 40%and 35%were male for children with UC and controls,*** AUC for all identified bacterial species was 89.5%.However,when using the bacterial species identified as important by random forest classification algorithm analysis, the accuracy increased to 97.6%. Similarly, the AUC for all theidentified bacteriophages was 87.4%, but this value increased to 94.5% when the important bacteriophagebiomarkers were *** very high to excellent AUCs of fecal bacterial and viral species sugge

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Microbiota Area under the curve Children Saudi Arabia

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Modern Mobile Malware Detection Framework Using Machine Learning and Random Forest Algorithm

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第5期48卷 1171-1191页

作者： Mohammad Ababneh Ayat Al-Droos Ammar el-Hassan School of Computing Sciences Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmman11941Jordan

With the high level of proliferation of connected mobile devices,the risk of intrusion becomes *** Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)algorithms started to feature in protection software and showed effective *** algorithms are nonetheless hindered by the lack of rich datasets and compounded by the appearance of new categories of malware such that the race between attackers’malware,especially with the assistance of Artificial Intelligence tools and protection solutions makes these systems and frameworks lose effectiveness *** this article,we present a framework for mobile malware detection based on a new dataset containing new categories of mobile *** focus on categories of malware that were not tested before by Machine Learning algorithms proven effective in malware *** carefully select an optimal number of features,do necessary preprocessing,and then apply Machine Learning algorithms to discover malicious code *** our experiments,we have found that the Random Forest algorithm is the best-performing algorithm with such mobile malware with detection rates of around 99%.We compared our results from this work and found that they are aligned well with our previous *** also compared our work with State-of-the-Art works of others and found that the results are very close and competitive.

关键词： Android malware detect prevent artificial intelligence machine learning mobile CICMalDroid2020 CCCSCIC-AndMal-2020

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Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm for Grouping Decision Variables Based on Extreme Point Pareto Frontier

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1281-1299页

作者： JunWang Linxi Zhang Hao Zhang Funan Peng Mohammed A.el-Meligy Mohamed Sharaf Qiang Fu College of Computer Science and Technology Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang110142China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology for Chemical Process Industry of Liaoning Province Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang110142China Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The existing algorithms for solving multi-objective optimization problems fall into three main categories:Decomposition-based,dominance-based,and *** multi-objective optimization problemsmainly focus on objectives,treating decision variables as a total variable to solve the problem without consideringthe critical role of decision variables in objective *** seen,a variety of decision variable groupingalgorithms have been ***,these algorithms are relatively broad for the changes of most decisionvariables in the evolution process and are time-consuming in the process of finding the Pareto *** solvethese problems,a multi-objective optimization algorithm for grouping decision variables based on extreme pointPareto frontier(MOEA-DV/EPF)is *** algorithm adopts a preprocessing rule to solve the Paretooptimal solution set of extreme points generated by simultaneous evolution in various target directions,obtainsthe basic Pareto front surface to determine the convergence effect,and analyzes the convergence and distributioneffects of decision *** the later stages of algorithm optimization,different mutation strategies are adoptedaccording to the nature of the decision variables to speed up the rate of evolution to obtain excellent individuals,thusenhancing the performance of the *** validation of the test functions shows that this algorithmcan solve the multi-objective optimization problem more efficiently.

关键词： Multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm decision variables grouping extreme point pareto frontier

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Communication-less Management Strategy for electric Vehicle Charging in Droop-controlled Islanded Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1227-1238页

作者： Abdullah Azhar Al-Obaidi Mohammed Zaki el-Sharafy Hany E.Z.Farag Saifullah Shafiq Ali Al-Awami Independent electricity System Operator(IESO) MississaugaCanada Department of electrical Engineering and Computer Science York UniversityTorontoCanada University of Queensland StLucia QLD 4067Australia Department of electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia

Adopting high penetration levels of electric vehicles(EVs)necessitates the implementation of appropriate charging management systems to mitigate their negative impacts on pow-er distribution ***,most of the proposed Ev charging management techniques rely on the availability of high-bandwidth communication *** techniques are far from realization due to①the lack of utility-grade communica-tion systems in many cases such as secondary(low-voltage)pow-er distribution systems to which EVs are connected,rural ar-eas,remote communities,and islands,and②existing fears and concerns about the data privacy of EV users and cyber-physical *** these cases,appropriate local control schemes are needed to ensure the adequate management of EV charging without violating the grid operation ***,this paper introduces a new communication-less management strategy for EV charging in droop-controlled islanded *** proposed strategy is autonomous,as it is based on the measurement of system frequency and local bus *** proposed strategy implements a social charging fairness policy during periods when the microgrid distributed genera-tors(DGs)are in short supply by allocating more system capaci-ty to the EVs with less charging in the ***,a novel communication-less EV load shedding scheme is incorpo-rated into the management strategy to provide relief to the mi-crogrid during events of severe undervoltage or underfrequency occurrences due to factors such as high loading or DG *** simulations demonstrate the superiority of the pro-posed strategy over the state-of-the-art controllers in modulat-ing the EV charging demand to counteract microgrid instability.

关键词： Charging battery management communication-less control droop control electric vehicle islanded microgrid

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