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Artificial Intelligence for Maximizing Agricultural Input Use Efficiency: Exploring Nutrient, Water and Weed Management Strategies

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1569-1598页

作者： Sumit Sow Shivani Ranjan mahmoud F.Seleiman Hiba M.Alkharabsheh Mukesh Kumar Navnit Kumar Smruti Ranjan Padhan Dhirendra Kumar Roy Dibyajyoti Nath Harun Gitari Daniel O.Wasonga Department of Agronomy Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Crop Sciences Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShibin El-Kom32514Egypt Department of Water Resources and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyAl Balqa Applied UniversitySalt19117Jordan Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstitutePusa CampusNew Delhi110012India Department of Soil Science Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India Department of Agricultural Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesKenyatta UniversityNairobi43844Kenya Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy,and there is an increasing global emphasis on automating agri-cultural *** the tremendous increase in population,the demand for food and employment has also increased signiﬁ*** methods traditionally used to meet these requirements are no longer ade-quate,requiring solutions to issues such as excessive herbicide use and the use of chemical *** of technologies such as the Internet of Things,wireless communication,machine learning,artiﬁcial intelligence(AI),and deep learning shows promise in addressing these ***,there is a lack of comprehensive documentation on the application and potential of AI in improving agricultural input efﬁ*** address this gap,a desk research approach was used by utilizing peer-reviewed electronic databases like PubMed,Scopus,Goo-gle Scholar,Web of Science,and Science Direct for relevant *** of 327 initially identiﬁed articles,180 were deemed pertinent,focusing primarily on AI’s potential in enhancing yield through better management of nutrients,water,and *** into account researchﬁndings worldwide,we found that AI technologies could assist farmers by providing recommendations on the optimal nutrients to enhance soil quality and deter-mine the best time for irrigation or herbicide *** present status of AI-driven automation in agricul-ture holds signiﬁcant promise for optimizing agricultural input utilization and reducing resource waste,particularly in the context of three pillars of crop management,i.e.,nutrient,irrigation,and weed management.

关键词： Agriculture artiﬁcial intelligence crop management nutrient irrigation weed management resource use efﬁciency

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“城市矿产”资源产生及其供给潜力:以金属铌为例

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第8期54卷 2625-2632页

作者：曾现来 Moisés GÓMEZ mahmoud BAKRY 耿涌李金惠清华大学环境学院北京100084 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院上海200240 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院上海200030

“碳中和”战略正在重塑全球资源流动和循环利用的格局,迅速增长的“城市矿产”(也称为二次资源)作为地质矿产的延伸,在资源供给和平衡方面发挥着越来越重要的作用.铌是一种关键金属,但目前缺乏对其可持续性的研究.循环利用的基本原则... 详细信息

“碳中和”战略正在重塑全球资源流动和循环利用的格局,迅速增长的“城市矿产”(也称为二次资源)作为地质矿产的延伸,在资源供给和平衡方面发挥着越来越重要的作用.铌是一种关键金属,但目前缺乏对其可持续性的研究.循环利用的基本原则是尽可能的在其全生命周期过程中高效利用该金属,对此,我们评估了含铌材料在报废过程中的损耗,揭示了最大限度减少此类损耗的必要性,阐明了全生命周期中含“城市矿产”和合金的利用过程.根据对大多数铌应用产生的“城市矿产”预测,如果不进行回收利用,到2090年可能会损失16.8万吨.相反,如果金属铌的回收利用率增至90%,预计其损失将减少到1.6万吨.因此,需要探索各种措施,以实现从线性经济到循环经济的无缝过渡,促进铌资源的可持续利用.

关键词：铌 “城市矿产” 循环经济回收利用可持续性

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Engineering and Physical Bases of Development and Creation of Plasmochemical Reactors for Mobile Facilities for Medical Waste Disposal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第9期14卷 651-662页

作者： Volodymyr Vashchenko Iryna Korduba Nancy mahmoud Al Saeed Hafez Nazarii Nehoda Serhii Tsybytovskyi Center for Fundamental Research in Energy and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Odesa Polytechnic and the Ministry of Ecology of Ukraine Odesa Ukraine Department of Environmental Protection Technologies and Labor Protection Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine Department of Ecology National Aviation University Kyiv Ukraine

This paper presents the results of the development and creation of plasma-chemical reactors for mobile and stationary installations for the destruction and disposal of solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed medical waste based on the domestic plasma generator PUN-1, with air as the plasma-forming gas. The design and principle of operation of plasma-chemical reactors installed on mobile experimental and industrial plants “Plazmon-1,2,3”, as well as the main features of the plasma waste disposal process are described.

关键词： Medical Waste Incineration Plasma Chemical Reactor Plasma Generator Mobile Installations

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A population-based study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第10期16卷 1169-1176页

作者： Rashid abdel-Razeq Lynn Bitar Elio R Bitar Chidera Onwuzo Mohamad-Noor Abu-Hammour Barish Eren Islam Mohamed Adejoke Johnson Antoine Boustany Somtochukwu Onwuzo Imad Asaad Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44111United States Faculty of Medicine Saint Joseph University of BeirutBeirut 11042020Lebanon Faculty of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon Department of Medicine&Surgery General Hospital Lagos IslandLagos Island 101223LagosNigeria Department of Internal Medicine Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx HospitalBronxNY 10461United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Florida College of MedicineJacksonvilleFL 32209United States Department of Gastroenterology Allegheny General HospitalPittsburghPA 15212United States Department of Gastroenterology Firelands HealthSanduskyOH 44870United States

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)is associated with the development of gastrointestinal disorders ranging from gastritis to gastric *** evidence of the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)and *** infection in the literature is ***,we aim to evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of *** infection independently of any confounding *** To evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of *** *** This study used a validated multicenter research database of over 360 hospitals across 26 healthcare systems across the United States from 1999 to *** regression analysis assessed the risk of developing MASH,adjusting for confounders including *** infection,obesity,type 2 diabetes,hypertension,dyslipidemia,and male gender.A two-sided P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and all statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.0.2(R Foundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna,Austria,2008).RESULTS A total of 79476132 individuals were screened in the database and 69232620 were selected in the final analysis after accounting for inclusion and exclusion ***(14.30%),patients with hyperlipidemia(70.35%),hypertension(73.86%),diabetes mellitus type 2(56.46%),and obese patients(58.15%)were more common in patients with MASH compared to *** a multivariate regression analysis,the risk of MASH was increased in diabetics[odds ratio(OR):3.55;95%CI:3.48-3.62],obese(OR:5.93;95%CI:5.81-6.04),males(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.46-1.52),individuals with hyperlipidemia(OR:2.43;95%CI:2.38-2.49)and *** infection(OR:2.51;95%CI:2.31-2.73).CONCLUSION This is the largest population-based study in the United States illustrating an increased prevalence and odds of developing MASH in patients with *** infection after adjusting for risk factors.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Helicobacter Pylori Cirrhosis Liver

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Conventional generation emulation for power grids with a high penetration of wind power

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Clean Energy 2021年第1期5卷 93-103页

作者： Rasha El-Azab Eslam M.Wazeer Mohamed Daowd A.M.abdel ghany Electrical Power and Machines Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt

Integrating large-scale wind plants with the electricity grids has many challenges for grid *** the variability and uncertainty of wind power,coordinating between different technologies of generation in the same grid can be considered the main problem,specifically for short-term frequency ***,a large penetration of wind power generation in modern power grids has a risky influence on the power-system ***-generation plants have contradictory behaviour compared to classic thermal plants,especially in active generated power-shortage events due to the variable nature of wind *** experience in wind plants keeps part of the available wind power unloaded,using what are known as deloading *** deloading techniques are usually applied to emulate the thermal-plant-governor function and confirm a proper spinning reserve for any active-power *** techniques decrease the generated power from wind plants continuously from maximum point tracking ***,the practical capacity,annual generated energy and economical income of wind plants are *** addition,grid-protection and control sub-schemes are set and designed according to the well-known conventional responses of thermal plants,which increase the need for thermal-plant-behaviour *** this paper,instead of the usual deloading methods,a supercapacitors scheme is proposed with wind turbines to emulate the response of conventional power *** study discusses the technical and economic benefits of the proposed addition of supercapacitors in the wind-plant-planning *** frequency grid-code indices are selected to evaluate studied *** results of the IEEE four-generation two-area system determines the effectiveness of suggested schemes *** System Advisor Model(SAM)program estimates the economic benefits of a typical US study case compared with the existing wind-deloading technique.

关键词： wind energy planning analysis energy storage supercapacitor frequency stability

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Analytical Approach to Exact Solutions for the Wick-Type Stochastic Space-Time Fractional KdV Equation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第6期31卷 29-33页

作者： Hossam A. ghany Department of Mathematics Faculty of Industrial Education Ameria (11282) Helwan University Cairo Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Taif University Hawea(888) Tail Saudi Arabia

This study is devoted to giving an analytical approach to exact solutions for the Wick-type stochastic spacetime fractional KdV equation. By means of Hermite transform, white noise theory, and the fractional Riccati equation method, we derive white noise functional solutions for the Wick-type stochastic space-time fractional KdV equations. Exact traveling wave solutions for the variable coefficients space-time fractional KdV equations are given by using the fractional Riccati equation method. The obtained results include soliton-like, periodic, and rational solutions.

关键词： FUNCTIONAL equations RICCATI equation -- Numerical solutions STOCHASTIC processes PROBABILITY theory ENERGY storage

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Advancing Crowd Object Detection: A Review of YOLO, CNN and ViTs Hybrid Approach*

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2024年第3期16卷 175-221页

作者： mahmoud Atta Mohammed Ali Tarek Aly Atef Tayh Raslan Mervat Gheith Essam A. Amin Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research Software Engineering Department Cairo University Giza Egypt

One of the most basic and difficult areas of computer vision and image understanding applications is still object detection. Deep neural network models and enhanced object representation have led to significant progress in object detection. This research investigates in greater detail how object detection has changed in the recent years in the deep learning age. We provide an overview of the literature on a range of cutting-edge object identification algorithms and the theoretical underpinnings of these techniques. Deep learning technologies are contributing to substantial innovations in the field of object detection. While Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have laid a solid foundation, new models such as You Only Look Once (YOLO) and Vision Transformers (ViTs) have expanded the possibilities even further by providing high accuracy and fast detection in a variety of settings. Even with these developments, integrating CNN, YOLO and ViTs, into a coherent framework still poses challenges with juggling computing demand, speed, and accuracy especially in dynamic contexts. Real-time processing in applications like surveillance and autonomous driving necessitates improvements that take use of each model type’s advantages. The goal of this work is to provide an object detection system that maximizes detection speed and accuracy while decreasing processing requirements by integrating YOLO, CNN, and ViTs. Improving real-time detection performance in changing weather and light exposure circumstances, as well as detecting small or partially obscured objects in crowded cities, are among the goals. We provide a hybrid architecture which leverages CNN for robust feature extraction, YOLO for rapid detection, and ViTs for remarkable global context capture via self-attention techniques. Using an innovative training regimen that prioritizes flexible learning rates and data augmentation procedures, the model is trained on an extensive dataset of urban settings. Compared to solo YOLO,

关键词： Object Detection Deep Learning Computer Vision YOLO Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) Vision Transformers Neural Networks Transfer Learning Autonomous Driving Self-Drive Vehicles

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Management of Traumatic Brain Injuries at the Kara Regional Hospital

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Surgical Science 2024年第2期15卷 19-27页

作者： Tamegnon Dossouvi Tchaa Hodabalo Towoezim abdel Kader Moumouni Kokou Kanassoua Iroukora Kassegne Ekoue David Dosseh Department of General Surgery Dapaong Regional Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Kara University Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Department of Neurosurgery Kara University Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Department of General Surgery Kara University Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Department of General Surgery Kara Regional Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Department of General Surgery Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital of Lomé University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality in young adults. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of TBI. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study conducted from 1 April 2022 to 31 March 2023 on patients admitted to and treated for cranioencephalic trauma in the General Surgery department of Kara Regional Hospital. Results: Eighty-three (83) patients with cranioencephalic trauma were managed out of 773 patients admitted to the department during the study period. The mean age was 34 ± 14.98 years and the sex ratio was 3.6 in favour of men. Motorbike taxi drivers were the social group most affected (n = 33, 40%). The causes of trauma were dominated by public road accidents (n = 80;96%). TBI was mild (n = 40;48%), moderate (n = 35;42%) and severe (n = 8;10%). Cerebral CT scans were performed in 19 patients (23%). Cerebral contusion (n = 4) was the most frequent cerebral lesion. Six patients (7%) with severe head injuries were transferred to Kara University Hospital. Six deaths (7%) occurred in patients with severe head injuries. The main sequelae were intermittent headaches in all patients reviewed, and memory problems (6%). Conclusion: Traumatic brain injuries are common at Kara Regional Hospital. Severe cranial trauma is less frequent but leads to death because of financial difficulties and limited technical facilities.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Road Accident Motorcyclist Cerebral Contusion Togo

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Thermomechanical Characterization of Three Soils of Abeche in Chad

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 348-362页

作者： Mahamat Saleh abdel-Khadir Abdallah Dadi Mahamat Abderahman Adoum Oumar Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal Salif Gaye Energy and Materials Research Laboratory (LREM-INSTA) National Higher Institute of Science and Technology of Abch Abch Chad Faculty of Physics University of NDjamena NDjamena Chad Laboratory of Energy Electricity and Economic Materials (LM3E) Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal

The study carried out concerns the valorization of agricultural waste for the development of biosourced materials that can be used as insulation in homes. This article is devoted to the influence of gum arabic on the mechanical and thermal properties of clay soils in the town of Abéché. The mechanical tests were carried out using the CBR press equipped with two devices (bending device and compression device). Thermal property such as thermal conductivity was determined by the hot wire method and thermal resistance was derived by calculation. Thus, the tests were carried out on test pieces made from a mixture of clay and gum arabic in solution. The experimental program includes seven formulations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%). The results obtained showed that the best flexural and compressive strengths are obtained by using gum arabic with a rate of 8% and a maximum stress of 4.3 MPa. In addition, the thermal results also showed that the thermal conductivity decreases when the percentage of gum arabic increases, which makes it possible to increase the thermal resistance, thus confirming the capacity of gum arabic to provide thermal insulation.

关键词： Soils Mechanical Characterization Thermal Characterization Thermal Conductivity Thermal Resistance

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Comprehensive analysis of the role of ubiquitin-specific peptidases in colorectal cancer:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 197-213页

作者： Eman Al-Balushi Amina Al Marzouqi Shima Tavoosi Amir Hossein Baghsheikhi Arash Sadri Leyla Sharifi Aliabadi Mohammad-Mahdi Salarabedi Syed Azizur Rahman Nabeel Al-Yateem Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi Aram Halimi Mohammad Ahmadvand Wael M abdel-Rahman College of Health Sciences University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran Department of Biology Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehran 11365/4435Iran Students’Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center Research Institute for OncologyHematologyand Cell TherapyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Student Research Committee School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Nursing University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Cancer Research Centre Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most frequent and the second most fatal *** search for more effective drugs to treat this disease is ongoing.A better understanding of the mechanisms of CRC development and progression may reveal new therapeutic ***-specific peptidases(USPs),the largest group of the deubiquitinase protein family,have long been implicated in various *** have been numerous studies on the role of USPs in CRC;however,a comprehensive view of this role is *** To provide a systematic review of the studies investigating the roles and functions of USPs in *** We systematically queried the MEDLINE(via PubMed),Scopus,and Web of Science *** Our study highlights the pivotal role of various USPs in several processes implicated in CRC:Regulation of the cell cycle,apoptosis,cancer stemness,epithelial–mesenchymal transition,metastasis,DNA repair,and drug *** findings of this study suggest that USPs have great potential as drug targets and noninvasive biomarkers in *** dysregulation of USPs in CRC contributes to drug resistance through multiple *** Targeting specific USPs involved in drug resistance pathways could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for overcoming resistance to current treatment regimens in CRC.

关键词： Ubiquitin-specific peptidases Colorectal cancer Deubiquitinase protein family Drug target discovery Biomarker discovery

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