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Planning Target Volume margin in Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain metastases

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第7期15卷 265-272页

作者： Hany S. Attallah Radwa m. Hamed Khaled m. EL-Shahat aliaa mahmoud mahmoud Abdallah Ibraheem Haggag Emad moustafa Adel Yassin Department of Radiation Oncology International Medical Center (IMC) Cairo Egypt Department of Radiation Oncology Armed Forces Medical Collogue (AFCM) Cairo Egypt Department of medical Physics Al Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of medical Physics International Medical Center (IMC) Cairo Egypt Department of medical Physics Department of Clinical Oncology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Background: The treatment of brain metastases with radiotherapy has shifted to the use of Stereotactic Radio-surgery (SRS). The technical issue of expanding the treatment volume around the Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) is a current debate. Radiotherapy centers use variable GTV-PTV margins, ranging from one to 2 mm. material and methods: We performed a dosimetric comparison in plans of twenty patients using three margins: PTV zero, PTV1, and PTV2. We also developed imaginary Peel volumes. These volumes are described as follows: Peel1 = PTV1 − GTV, Peel2 = PTV2 − GTV. Results: Our results showed that the mean PTV volume differed significantly across the different margins (p = 0.000). The V12 of the brain significantly varied as a function of PTV margin (p = 0.000). The target coverage and plan quality indices were not significantly different. The Peel volume dosimetric analysis showed that the mean dose was significantly higher in the nearby normal brain tissue: Peel1 (p = 0.022) and Peel 2 (p = 0.013). Conclusion: According to our dosimetric analysis, expanding the GTV into a PTV by 1 mm margin is more convenient than 2 mm.

关键词： SRS Brain metastases PTV

Intermittent fasting and the liver: Focus on the Ramadan model

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1070-1083页

作者： mohamed H Emara Hanan Soliman Ebada m Said Hassan Elbatae mostafa Elazab Shady Elhefnawy Tarik I Zaher Ahmed abdel-Razik mohamed Elnadry Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of medicine Alyousif HospitalAlkhobar 34622Saudi Arabia Department of Tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases Tanta UniversityTanta 31512Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesBenha UniversityBenha 13511Egypt Department of Tropical medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Tropical medicine Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

Intermittent fasting(IF)is an intervention that involves not only dietary modific-ations but also behavioral changes with the main core being a period of fasting alternating with a period of controlled *** duration of fasting differs from one regimen to *** fasting(RF)is a religious fasting for muslims,it lasts for only one month every one lunar *** this model of fasting,observers abstain from food and water for a period that extends from dawn to *** period of daily fasting is variable(12-18 hours)as Ramadan rotates in all seasons of the ***,longer duration of daily fasting is observed during the *** fact,RF is a peculiar type of *** is a dry IF as no water is allowed during the fasting hours,also there are no calorie restrictions during feeding hours,and the mealtime is exclusively *** three variables of the RF model are believed to have a variable impact on different liver *** was evaluated by different observational and interventional studies among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and it was associated with improve-ments in anthropometric measures,metabolic profile,and liver biochemistry regardless of the calorie restriction among lean and obese *** situation is rather different for patients with liver *** was associated with adverse events among patients with liver cirrhosis irrespective of the underlying etiology of *** patients developed new ascites,ascites were increased,had higher serum bilirubin levels after Ramadan,and frequently developed hepatic encephalopathy and acute upper gastrointestinal *** complications were higher among patients with Child class B and C cirrhosis,and some fatalities occurred due to *** transplant recipients as a special group of patients,are vulnerable to dehydration,fluctuation in blood immunosuppressive levels,likelihood of deterioration and hence observing RF without special precautions

关键词： Intermittent fasting Ramadan fasting Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Liver cirrhosis Peptic ulcer Liver transplantation Gilbert syndrome

Symmetries,optimal system,exact and soliton solutions of(3+1)-dimensional Gardner-KP equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 178-190页

作者： Amjad Hussain Ashreen Anjum m.Junaid-U-Rehman Ilyas Khan mariam A.Sameh Amnah S.al-Johani Department of mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-MajmaahP.O Box 66Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo 11845Egypt mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia

In this research article,the(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Gardner-Kadomtsov-Petviashvili(Gardner-KP)equation which depicts the nonlinear modulation of periodic waves,is analyzed through the Lie group-theoretic *** the Lie invariance condition,we find the symmetry *** pro-posed model yields eight-dimensional Lie ***,an optimal system of sub-algebras is com-puted,and similarity reductions are *** considered nonlinear partial differential equation is re-duced into ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by utilizing the similarity transformation method(STm),which has the benefit of yielding a large number of accurate traveling wave *** ODEs are further solved to get closed-form solutions of the Gardner-KP equation in some cases,while in other cases,we use the new auxiliary equation method to get its soliton *** evolution profiles of the obtained solutions are examined graphically under the appropriate selection of arbitrary parameters.

关键词： Gardner-KP equation Lie symmetry analysis Optimal system New auxiliary equation method Solitary wave solutions

Effects of friction stir processing and nano-hydroxyapatite on the microstructure,hardness,degradation rate and in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomedical applications

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2024年第1期12卷 209-224页

作者： Bo Wu Farazila Yusof Fuguo Li Huan miao A.R.Bushroa mohd Ridha Bin muhamad Irfan Anjum Badruddin mahmoud Z.Ibrahim Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Centre of Advanced manufacturing and material Processing(AmmP Centre) Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center of Foundation studies in Science Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Design and Production Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt

Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural ***,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful *** of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the degradation *** this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed to synthesize WE43/nano-hydroxyapatite(n HA)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced particle distribution,micro-hardness,corrosion behavior and in-vitro bioactivity were *** subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and WE43/n HA composite refined the grain size which was reduced by 94.29%and 95.92%(2.63 and 1.88μm,respectively)compared to base metal after three *** resulted in increasing the microhardness by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and 135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and WE43-n HA,*** is found that increasing FSP passes improved the uniform distribution of n HA particles within the composite matrix which led to improved corrosion resistance and less degradation *** corrosion rate of the FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes was reduced by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and the degradation rate was reduced by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed to secondary phase(mg24Y5and mg41Nd5)particle fragmentation and redistribution,as well as a homogeneous distribution of n ***,the growing Ca-P and mg(OH)2layer formed on the surface represented a protective layer that reduced the degradation *** wettability test revealed a relatively hydrophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared to 71.2±2.1°for base ***,biomineralization test showed that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d in simulated body fluid with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)indicating superior bioactivity of FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three *** results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and introduction of n HA partic

关键词： Friction stir processing magnesium-based composite Nano-hydroxyapatite Corrosion behavior In-vitro bioactivity

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Potential Benefits and Obstacles of the Use of Internet of Things in Saudi Universities: Empirical Study

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Advances in Internet of Things 2024年第1期14卷 1-20页

作者： Najmah Adel Fallatah Fahad mahmoud Ghabban Omair Ameerbakhsh Ibrahim alfadli Wael Ghazy alheadary Salem Sulaiman alatawi Ashwaq Hasen al-Shehri College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Madinah Saudi Arabia ministry of Education in al-madinah al-munawwarah Region Madinah Saudi Arabia

Internet of Things (IoT) among of all the technology revolutions has been considered the next evolution of the internet. IoT has become a far more popular area in the computing world. IoT combined a huge number of things (devices) that can be connected through the internet. The purpose: this paper aims to explore the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) generally and outline the main definitions of IoT. The paper also aims to examine and discuss the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT in Saudi universities. methodology: the researchers reviewed the previous literature and focused on several databases to use the recent studies and research related to the IoT. Then, the researchers also used quantitative methodology to examine the factors affecting the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT. The data were collected by using a questionnaire distributed online among academic staff and a total of 150 participants completed the survey. Finding: the result of this study reveals there are twelve factors that affect the potential benefits of using IoT such as reducing human errors, increasing business income and worker’s productivity. It also shows the eighteen factors which affect obstacles the IoT use, for example sensors’ cost, data privacy, and data security. These factors have the most influence on using IoT in Saudi universities.

关键词： Internet of Things (IoT) m2m Factors Obstacles Potential Benefits Universities

Nanosecond pulse， dual-wavelength Q-switched 1.5 μm fiber laser using mAX phase CrTialCsaturable absorber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年

作者： AHmED SHAKIR al-HITI HIBA HASSAN Department of Electrical Engineering， Faculty of Engineering， University of Anbar Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering， University of Technology-Iraq

We demonstrated a new type of mAX phase material， Chromium Titanium aluminum Carbide (Cr2TialC2) polymer film to generate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser. The film thickness was measured around 45 μm which was fabricated using the embedding method with PVA polymer as hoster. The SA film demonstrates a dual-wavelength passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser （EDFL） which operates at 1531 nm and 1560.19 nm， respectively. The Q-switching pulse duration could be varied from 2.46 μs to 770 ns while the repetition rate varied from 92.76 kHz to 106.6 kHz with an increasing input pumping range of 154 mW to 300 mW. The maximum output power and pulse energy of 15.05 mW and 141.18 nJ were obtained at a maximum input power of 300 mW， respectively. To the best of our knowledge， this is the first time that on dual-wavelength Q-switched EDF laser by Cr2TialC2as SA.

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Recent progress in two-dimensional metallenes and their potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Umer Shahzad mohsin Saeed muhammad Fazle Rabbee Hadi m.marwani Jehan Y.al-Humaidi muhammad altaf Raed H.althomali Kwang-Hyun Baek md.Rabiul Awual mohammed m.Rahman Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced materials Research(CEAmR) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemistry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian School of mines:minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In this article,we looked at metallenes,a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)metals that are attracting interest in the energy and catalysis *** is one area where their exceptional physicochemical and electrical characteristics might be *** are unique because they include several metal atoms that are not in a coordinated *** makes them more active and improves their atomic uti-lization,which in turn increases their catalytic *** article delves into the potential of two-dimensional metals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in the context of sustainable energy *** to the exception-ally high surface-to-volume ratio,large surface area as well as their optimized atomic use efficiency,2D materials defined by atomic layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such as high conductivity and the ability to enhance the exposure of active metal sites,2D metallenes have recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** their highly mobility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures that can be fine-tuned,2D metallenes are promising nanostructure materials for use in energy con-version with the sustainable applications.

关键词： metallenes Electrocatalysts Electrochemical processes Atomically thin structure

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A Pioneering Approach to the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

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Journal of materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期12卷 14-22页

作者： Wasan A. al-Dulaimi Zeena m. al-Azzawi Emad K. al-Shakarchi Physics Department College of Science Al-Nahrain University Baghdad Iraq

Our research introduces a groundbreaking chemical reduction method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, marking a significant advancement in the field. The nanoparticles were meticulously characterized using various techniques, including optical analysis, structural analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEm), and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEm). This thorough process instills confidence in the accuracy of our findings. The results unveiled that the silver nanoparticles had a diameter of less than 20 nm, a finding of great importance. The absorption spectrum decreased in the peak wavelength range (405 - 394 mm) with increasing concentrations of Ag nanoparticles in the range (1 - 5%). The XRD results indicated a cubic crystal structure for silver nanoparticles with the lattice constant (a = 4.0855 Å), and miller indices were (111), (002), (002), and (113). The simulation on the XRD pattern showed a face center cubic phase with space group Fm-3m, providing valuable insights into the structure of the nanoparticles.

关键词： Chemical Reduction method UV-VIS Absorption Spectrometer Field-Emission Scanning Electron microscope (FESEm) Transmission Electron microscopy (TEm)

Advancements in Fixed Point Theorems for α-Geraghty Contractions in Complete metric Space

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Journal of mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第5期 697-710页

作者： V.C.BORKAR mohammed m.A.TalEB Saeed A.A.al-SalEHI School of mathematical at Yeshwant mahavidyalaya Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University School of mathematical at Science College Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University Department of mathematics Hodeidah University Department of mathematics Aden University

This article improves and advances the results achieved by Vishal and Naveen, leveraging the use of Lebesgue integrable functions. Going beyond, we investigate fixed point theorems associated with a concept introduced by Ovidiu Popescu. Our research not only bolsters the theoretical framework but also unveils practical applications in the domain of Lebesgue integrals as in Example 3.6. Furthermore, our contribution enhances the understanding of fixed point theorems in metric spaces and introduces novel perspectives in the study of generalized α-Geraghty contractive mappings on Lebesgue integrals.

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