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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第2期6卷 110-117页

作者： Marwan Ghanem mahmoud hammad Birzeit University Rammallah Palestine IWRM Bethlehem Palestine

Urbanization and different human-economic activities put increasing pressure on the ground water quality, which is considered as the main drinking water resources in Palestine. Protecting the spring water resources in Palestine is one major issue for the continuity of the availability of the water resources. An economic feasibility study was conducted for the Nuewimah-Shosha-Dyuk spring system in order to assess the economical factor for the induced methodology of the protection zones. The spring system has multiple users from different sectors (i.e., domestic, agriculture, commercial and public use) and multi-year cost benefit analysis technique used to show the feasibility of water protection zones on the long run. The study shows that even in arid areas in Palestine, small quantities are derived from springs-implementation of water protection zones is still feasible;the results of this study emphasize on importance and feasibility of water resources protection zones.

关键词： Water Protection Zones Cost Benefit Analysis Protection Zones Guidelines Nueimah Spring System Jericho Area

Correlations between serum kidney injury molecule-1,cystatin C and immunosuppressants:A cross-sectional study of renal transplant patients in Bahrain

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 269-277页

作者： Kannan Sridharan Shamik Shah Mona Al hammad Fatima Ali Mohammed Sindhan Veeramuthu Mona Abdulla Taher Mustafa Mohamed hammad Lamees Jawad Eman Farid Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Nephrology Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Salmaniya Medical Complex ManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Laboratory Medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCollege of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain

Renal transplant patients receive several immunosuppressive drug regimens that are potentially nephrotoxic for *** creatinine is the standard for monitoring kidney function;however,cystatin C(Cys C)and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)have been found to indicate kidney injury earlier than serum creatinine and provide a better reflection of kidney ***,we assessed Cys C and KIM-1 serum levels in renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil,tacrolimus,sirolimus,everolimus,or cyclosporine to evaluate kidney *** used both the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)2021 equation,which is based on creatinine and combined creatinine with Cys C,and the CKD-EPI 2012 equation,which is based on Cys C alone,to estimate glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Then,we assessed the association between serum KIM-1 and GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed significantly higher serum Cys C levels in patients with the elevated serum creatinine,compared with those with normal serum *** estimated GFRs based on creatinine were significantly higher than those based on the other equations,while a significant positive correlation was observed among all *** KIM-1 levels were negatively correlated with the estimated GFRs by the CKD-EPI Cys C and the combined creatinine with Cys C equations.A serum KIM-1 level above 0.71 ng/mL is likely to indicate GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed a significant correlation between serum creatinine and Cys C in our renal transplant ***,serum KIM-1 may be used to monitor renal function when using potentially nephrotoxic drugs in renal transplants.

关键词： KIM-1 cystatin C mycophenolate mofetil tacrolimus everolimus sirolimus cyclosporine

Multi-Elemental Chemostratigraphy,Sequence Development,Depositional History,and Environmental Importance of Early Eocene Red Beds(Kuldana Formation)in NW Himalayas,Pakistan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 349-375页

作者： Amir Shahzad George Kontakiotis Thierry Adatte Khawaja Shoaib Ahmed Muhammad Tayyib Riaz hammad Tariq Janjuhah Evangelia Besiou Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Historical Geology-Paleontology Faculty of Geology and GeoenvironmentSchool of Earth SciencesNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisZografou15784Greece Institute of Earth Sciences(ISTE) University of LausanneLausanneCH-1015Switzerland Department of Geology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringalPeshawar18050Pakistan

The Eocene Kuldana Formation(KF)in the Yadgar area of Pakistan,comprises a diverse range of sedimentary facies,including variegated red beds of shales,mudstones,and sandstones,as well as interbedded limestone and *** this study,we conducted an integrated micropaleontological,sedimentological,mineralogical,and geochemical investigation to determine the depositional setting,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of the *** study identified six lithofacies and six microfacies,which indicate a variety of environments ranging from floodplains and channels to the margins and shallow marine *** nannofossil biostratigraphy places the KF in the Early Eocene,more precisely the NP10 zone(Ypresian),and the fossil zone of benthic foraminifera classifies the study section as the Shallow Benthic Zone SBZ-8(Middle Ilerdian 2).In terms of petrography,the KF sandstone was classified as litharenite and feldspathic litharenite,while the QtFL diagram suggests a recycled *** proxies indicate an oxidizing environment,a high-to-low regular sedimentation rate,moderate-to-intense chemical weathering in the source region,and a warm-humid to dry climate during the deposition of ***,the findings suggest that the deposition of KF marks the end of Neo-Tethys due to the Early Eocene Indian–Kohistan collision and that the uplifting of the Himalayas provided the source for the deposition of KF in the foreland *** study provides new insights into the depositional environment,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of KF,and highlights the potential for red beds as reliable indicators of oxygenation levels in proximity to mineral deposits.

关键词： sedimentary microfacies Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum stratigraphic correlations paleoenvironmental reconstruction nannofossils paleontology

Angiogenic and FLT3 Receptors Expression in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Pediatric Age Group

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第6期10卷 442-457页

作者： Mona Hilmy Alrayes Reham hammad Mohamed Abd Alazim Hussein EL Baddiny Maha Saleh Madbouly Ibrahim mahmoud hammad Clinical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine (for Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Clinical Pathology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Pediatric Oncology National Cancer Institute Cairo University and Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt Cairo Egypt

Angiogenesis has an important role in pathophysiology of cancer. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is implicated in hematopoietic malignancies. Their role in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pathogenesis needs more enlightenment. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and -2 (VEGFR-1 and -2), as well as FLT3 were assessed by flow cytometry in bone marrow (BM) blasts of 55 newly diagnosed children with ALL. Patients included B cell ALL (B-ALL) group (n = 41) and T cell ALL (T-ALL) group (n = 14). Comparison between groups revealed a significant increase in blasts percent (%) expressing FLT3 and FLT3 intensity detected in B-ALL group (p = 0.004 and p = 0.02, respectively). In B-ALL patients, a significant positive correlation was seen between blasts % expressing FLT3 and blasts percentage infiltrating BM (r = 0.405;p = 0.009), also positive correlation was seen between % of blasts expressing VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 (r = 0.704;p 0.001). In T-ALL group, blast % expressing FLT3 revealed significant positive correlations with blast % expressing VEGFR-1, and those expressing VEGFR-2 (r = 0.627;p = 0.016, and r = 0.654;p = 0.011, respectively). In addition, significant correlation was seen in blasts % expressing all;FLT3, VEGFR-1 and -2, with blasts % expressing stem cell marker CD34 (r = 0.826;p = 0.001, r = 0.596;p = 0.041, and r = 0.798;p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Expression of VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and FLT3 were demonstrated and linked on leukemic blasts of ALL which highlights their role in pathogenesis. FLT3 expression plays a role in facilitating blasts proliferation in BM in B-ALL. FLT3, VEGFR-1 and -2 could be used in future profiling of CD34+ leukemic stem cell pool in T-ALL.

关键词： Childhood Leukemia Angiogenesis Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors FLT3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

The Impact of Pretransplant Disease Characteristics on the Outcome of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Neuroblastoma with High-Risk Features: A Retrospective Model from a Limited Resources Country

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第6期10卷 422-432页

作者： Ahmed Elhemaly mahmoud hammad Mohamed Saad Zaghloul Maged Elshafie Naglaa Elkinaae Mohamed Khaled Alaa El-Haddad Department of Pediatric Oncology National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Pediatric Oncology Children’s Cancer Hospital EgyptCairoEgypt Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Radiation Oncology Children’s Cancer Hospital EgyptCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Surgical Oncology National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Surgical Oncology Children’s Cancer Hospital EgyptCairoEgypt Department of Pathology National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Pathology Children’s Cancer Hospital EgyptCairoEgypt Department of Research Children’s Cancer Hospital EgyptCairoEgypt

High-risk neuroblastoma still has poor survival outcome. Improvement of outcome is attributed to the consolidation of chemotherapy by autologous bone marrow transplant. Further improvement of the outcome by tandem autologous transplant is followed by immune therapy. We aimed with this study to correlate initial disease characteristics with the outcome of transplanted high-risk neuroblastoma. A retrospective analysis was done for 73 transplanted patients. Patients were treated in Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt from July 2012 to July 2015. Seventy patients received Busulphan/Melphalan conditioning. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was 63.3% and 51.3%, respectively. Disease stage did not impact the OS and EFS, P = 0.54 and 0.62 respectively. Status of MYCN did not reflect statistically on outcome for tumors with amplified compared to nonamplified (EFS, 49% and 63.1%, respectively). Response after induction chemotherapy pointed that patients who had objective response (complete response, very good partial response and partial response) were better compared to those with less response with EFS and OS of 53.3% and 64.2% compared to 49.3% and 63.5%, respectively, which may indicate that chemo-sensitive tumors have better outcome. By the end of the study, twenty-seven patients relapsed, out of them 25 patients died. Pretransplant risk features for neuroblastoma was nullified by autologous stem cell transplant. The modest outcome observed, highlights some limitations that need to be sorted out in countries with limited resources. The introduction of immune therapy and tandem transplant is needed to achieve a better outcome, yet it adds to more financial burden.

关键词： Neuroblastoma Limited-Resource Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Busulphan Melphalan

活性赤泥-聚吡咯复合材料对活性黄-145染料的吸附研究

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水处理技术 2024年第5期50卷 47-53页

作者： Muhammad Talha Majeed 李扬 hammad Saulat 吴博文李攀钰胡浩权大连理工大学化工学院煤化工研究所辽宁大连116024

染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、... 详细信息

染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、吸附时间、添加量和染料初始浓度对吸附过程的影响,并对ARM-PPy复合材料进行分析表征,阐明了活性黄染料-145(RYD-145)的吸附作用机制。RYD-145在ARM-PPy上的吸附过程与三种吸附等温线关联极好(R2>0.99),其中Langmuir吸附最合适。根据Langmuir吸附模型的拟合结果,RYD-145的最大吸附量是442.5 mg/g。热力学研究表明,RYD-145分子在ARM-PPy的吸附过程中,焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)均增加,这表明该过程为吸热过程,且表面RYD-145分子排列具有随机性。研究表明,ARM-PPy具有高效处理阴离子和阳离子染料污染废水的能力,且具有较好的成本效益。

关键词：吸附染料赤泥活性黄染料-145 聚吡咯

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Protectivity of Freeze Dried Inactivated Rift Valley Fever Vaccine

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 21-37页

作者： Diana M. Abulmagd Mohamed Hassan Atwa Noha Ezz Aldin Marwa Yehia hammad Taradi Abdel Fattah Said Rift Valley Fever Vaccine Research Department Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute Agriculture Research Center (ARC) Cairo Egypt

Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and lessen or stop the spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Animal vaccines that are both safe and efficacious are vital to modern culture. The vaccine should induce a strong, protective and prolonged immune response against the antigenic factor. In order to achieve these goals, novel vaccination techniques and an efficient adjuvant are required to render the vaccine immunogenically protective and trigger a strong immune response. Aim: Our study aims to promote and enhance the immunogenicity against RVF virus disease through lyophilized inactivated RVF vaccine through induction of early cellular, high and prolonged humeral immunity in vaccinated animals using cabopol as stabilizer and Saponin or normal saline as a diluent at time of vaccination. Moreover, manufacturing of these vaccines is easy to be done. Results: The gained results revealed that RVF freeze-dried vaccine with Carbopol that reconstituted using Saponin elicited better immune response than that reconstituted using normal saline (NaCl). The cell mediated immune response as represented by lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity were markedly increased with high levels when we used Saponin as a diluent than that in group vaccinated with vaccine diluted with NaCl, on the other side the humeral immune response in group vaccinated using the Saponin as diluent is more detected and stayed within the protective level till the end of 11th month post vaccination (1.5 TCID50) while the immune response induced after using normal saline as a diluent stayed within the protective level till the end of 10th month post vaccination (1.8 TCID50). Conclusion: The use of Saponin as a diluent for reconstitution of the freeze dried RVF vaccine is preferable than the

关键词： Rift Valley Fever Saponin Cabopol Binary Ethylenemine Serum Neutralization Test

Simplified Correlation Equations of Heat Transfer Coefficient during Phase Change for Flow inside Tubes

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第10期6卷 1543-1552页

作者： mahmoud a hammad Abed Alrzaq S Alshqirate Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Al-Shoubak University College AI-Balqa Applied University Al-Salt 19117 Jordan

In this work, the easy to use, simple and direct equations were formulated and tested. These equations can be used to calculate the mean values of the heat transfer coefficients of inside tube flow during phase change. Analytical and experimental methods were used to correlate these equations. Two different forms were used, one for evaporation case and the other for condensation case. Carbon dioxide, CO2, was used as case study. Correlated values of the mean heat transfer coefficients (hˉ corr) were compared with the experimental results (hˉ exp) and with other published result, a good agreement was noticed. The resulted correlations can be used to simplify the design and performance studies of both condensers and evaporators.

关键词：平均传热系数相关方程相变过程管内流动二氧化碳冷凝器方程组平均值

Variable viscosity effects on the flow of MHD hybrid nanofluid containing dust particles over a needle with Hall current——a Xue model exploration

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2022年第5期74卷 121-131页

作者： Muhammad Ramzan hammad Alotaibi Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceTaif UniversityPOBox 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia

This study scrutinizes the flow of engine oil-based suspended carbon nanotubes magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)hybrid nanofluid with dust particles over a thin moving needle following the Xue *** analysis also incorporates the effects of variable viscosity with Hall *** heat transfer analysis,the effects of the Cattaneo–Christov theory and heat generation/absorption with thermal slip are integrated into the temperature *** Tiwari–Das nanofluid model is used to develop the envisioned mathematical *** similarity transformation,the governing equations for the flow are translated into ordinary differential *** bvp4c method based on Runge–Kutta is used,along with a shooting *** are used to examine and depict the consequences of significant parameters on involved *** results revealed that the temperature of the fluid and boundary layer thickness is diminished as the solid volume fraction is ***,with an enhancement in the variable viscosity parameter,the velocity distribution becomes more *** results are substantiated by assessing them with an available study.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid dusty fluid variable viscosity Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model Hall current

New topological and non-topological unidirectional-wave solutions for the modifie d-mixe d KdV equation and bidirectional-waves solutions for the Benjamin Ono equation using recent techniques

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第2期7卷 163-169页

作者： Marwan Alquran Mohammed Ali hammad Jadallah Department of Mathematics and Statistics Jordan University of Science&TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

In this paper,new explicit unidirectional wave solutions for the modified-mixed KdV equation and bidi-rectional waves for the Benjamin Ono equation are *** extension of the rational sine-cosine and sinh-cosh methods are *** addition,an extension of the recent polynomial function method is applied as *** types of topological and non-topological soliton solutions are extracted to the proposed models and categorized by providing 2D and 3D ***,some physical properties of the new bidirectional waves solutions to the Benjamin Ono model are discussed.

关键词： Single-wave solutions Two-waves solutions Extended rational sine-cosine method Extended rational sinh-cosh method Polynomial-function method