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Facies Interpretation, Depositional Environment and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Gachal Formation in the Madbeiki Section, Kalmard Block, East Central Iran

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第6期6卷 439-458页

作者： Soheil Erfani Mohammad Hossein Adabi mahmood reza majidifard Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand Department of Geology North-Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Geology Faculty of Earth Sciences Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Research Institute for Earth Sciences Geological Survery of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Geology Islamic Azad University North-Tehran Branch Tehran Iran

Deposits of Lower Carboniferous rocks in Kalmard block are recognized by Gachal informal formation, showing various characteristics in different outcrops. Lower Carboniferous deposits (Gachal formation) are composed chiefly of carbonate, evaporite and siliciclastic rocks. This formation is composed of 198 m sandstone, limestone and dolomite as well as a small amount of shale, marl and gypsum in the Madbeiki section. This formation unconformably underlies Precambrian metamorphic deposits (Kalmard formation) while lateritic soils of lower Permian (Chili formation) are depicted overlying an erosional unconformity above this formation. According to lithologic and microscopic investigations, the deposits of Gachal formation can be divided into 1 siliciclastic petrofacies, 1 evaporite microfacies and 16 carbonate microfacies. Field observations, along with microscopic examinations, have resulted in identifying tidal flat, lagoon, shoal and open marine environments in the rocks of the studied formation. Vertical changes of microfacies and depth variation curve indicate the high thickness of the microfacies of tidal flat, lagoon and shoal environments and low thickness of the microfacies of open marine environment. The carbonate-evaporite-siliciclastic sequence of Gachal formation is made up of three third-order depositional sequence, separated each other by type 1 sequence boundary (SB1). Siliciclastic and evaporite deposits include LST system tract, and carbonate microfacies involve TST and HST system tracts, separated from each other by MFS. Gachal formation rocks in Madbeiki section are deposited in a low-angle homoclinal ramp, mostly in the inner ramp, located in the southern Paleotethys Ocean. The depositional sequence identified in Gachal formation points to the age of Lower Carboniferous, conforming to upper Kaskaskia super sequence. The upper erosional boundary between Gachal and Chili formations conform to the global-scale sea level fall.

关键词： Lower Carboniferous Kalmard Block Gachal Formation Depositional Environment Sequence Stratigraphy

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Sequence Stratigraphy of Lower Carboniferous Rocks in Bakhshi Section, East-Central Iran

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第2期7卷 200-211页

作者： Soheil Erfani Mohammad Hossein Adabi mahmood reza majidifard Nader Kohansalghadimvand Bibihaniyeh Emraninasab Department of Geology Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch Tehran Iran Department of Earth Sciences Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Research Institute for Earth Sciences Geology Survey of Iran Tehran Iran

The deposits of Lower Carboniferous rocks in Kalmard Block are characterized by Gachal informal formation, showing various properties in different outcrops. These deposits (in Gachal formation) are composed chiefly of carbonate, evaporite and siliciclastic rocks. This formation commonly hosts 190 m sandstone, limestone, dolomitic limestone and dolomite as well as a small amount of shale and marl in the Bakhshi section. It unconformably underlies Devonian deposits (Rahdar formation) while lateritic soils of lower Permian (Chili formation) are depicted overlying an erosional unconformity above this formation. The mixed carbonate-evaporite-siliciclastic sequence of Gachal formation is made up of three third-order depositional sequences, separated from each other by Type 1 sequence boundary (SB1). Siliciclastic and evaporite deposits include LST system tract, whereas carbonate microfacies involve TST and HST system tracts, separated from each other by MFS. The depositional sequences identified in Gachal formation point to the Lower Carboniferous age, conforming to upper Kaskaskia supersequence. The upper erosional boundary between Gachal and Chili formations complies with the global-scale sea level fall.

关键词： Lower Carboniferous Kalmard Block Gachal Formation Sequence Stratigraphy

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Facies Analysis and Depositional Environment of Upper Permian Rocks in Darin Section, East-Central Iran

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第3期7卷 242-256页

作者： Bibi Haniyeh Emraninasab Mohammad Hossein Adabi mahmood reza majidifard Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand Sohei Erfani Department of Geology Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch Tehran Iran Department of Earth sciences Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Research Institute for Earth Sciences Geology Survey of Iran Tehran Iran

Deposits of Permian rocks in Kalmard Block are recognized with Khan Group, showing various characteristics in different outcrops. This group is made up of three informal formations, namely Chili, Sartakht and Hermez. Upper Permian deposits (Hermez Formation) are composed chiefly of lateritic and carbonate rocks. This formation is composed of 65.5 m lateritic soils, lateritic sandstone, limestone, dolomite and dolomitic limestone in the Darin section. This formation unconformably overlies middle Permian siliciclastic and evaporite deposits (Sartakht Formation), where as it is depicted underlying an erosional unconformity above lateritic deposits of lower Triassic (Sorkh Shale Formation). According to lithologic and microscopic investigations, the deposits of Hermez Formation can be divided into 1 siliciclastic petrofacies and 14 carbonate microfacies. Field observations, along with microscopic examinations, have resulted in identifying tidal flat, lagoon, shoal and open marine environments in the rocks of the studied formation. Vertical changes of microfacies and depth variation curve point to the high thickness of the microfacies of lagoon, tidal flat and shoal environments and low thickness of open marine microfacies. Hermez Formation rocks in Darin section are deposited in a low-angle homoclinal ramp, mostly in the inner ramp, located in the southern Paleo-Tethys Ocean.

关键词： Upper Permian Kalmard Block Hermez Formation Depositional Environment

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