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Fever assessment in children under five: Are we following the guidelines?

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 62-72页

作者： Hasan m Isa Ahmed J Isa murtadha A Alnasheet mahmood m mansoor Department of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of General Surgery Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Fever is a common cause of medical consultation and hospital admission,particularly among ***,the United Kingdom’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)updated its guidelines for assessing fever in children under five years of *** efficient assessment and management of children with fever are crucial for improving patient *** To evaluate fever assessment in hospitalized children and to assess its adherence with the NICE Fever in under 5s *** We conducted a retrospective cohort review of the electronic medical records of children under five years of age at the Department of Pediatrics,Salmaniya medical Complex,Bahrain,between June and July *** data,vital signs during the first 48 h of admission,route of temperature measurement,and indications for admission were *** was defined according to the NICE *** children were divided into five groups according to their age(0-3 months,>3-6 months,>6-12 months,>12-36 months,and>36-60 months).Patients with and without fever were compared in terms of demography,indication for admission,route of temperature measurement,and other vital *** with the NICE Fever in the under 5s guideline was *** compliance was defined as>95%,partial compliance as 70%-95%,and minimal compliance as≤69%.Pearson’sχ^(2),Student’s t test,the mann-Whitney U test,and Spearman’s correlation coefficient(rs)were used for *** Of the 136 patients reviewed,80(58.8%)were *** median age at admission was 14.2[interquartile range(IQR):1.7-44.4]months,with the most common age group being 36-60 ***-six(26.4%)patients had fever,and 100(73.6%)were *** commonest age group for febrile patients(>12-36 months)was older than the commonest age group for afebrile patients(0-3 months)(P=0.027).The median weight was 8.3(IQR:4.0-13.3)*** with fever had higher weight than those without fever[10.2(IQR:7.3-13.0)vs 7

关键词： Fever Pediatrics Admission patterns Temperature measurement Guidelines Bahrain

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Theoretical investigation of optical properties and band gap engineering for Zn1-xTmxTe(Tm=Fe,Co)alloys by modified Becke-Johnson potential

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 491-498页

作者： Q mahmood m Yaseen m Hassan Shahid m Ramay Asif mahmood materials Growth and Simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam Campus54590LahorePakistan Department Of Physlcs University of Agriculture UniversityFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Physics and Astronomy Department College of ScienceKing Sand UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The direct band gap ZnTe with transition metal （Tm） impurities plays a vital role in optoelectronic and spintronic applications. In the present study, we use the advanced modified Becke-Johnson （mBJ） functional for performing the structural computations and detailed investigations of the optical characters in Zn1_xTmxTe （Tm = Fe, Co） alloys with 0 ≤ x ≤1. By employing the FP-LAPW method, we determine various optical parameters for the ternary alloys and for the end binaries. The calculated static dielectric constants and optical band gaps for Zn1_xTmxTe （Tm = Fe, Co） have an inverse relation that verifies the Penn model. We find that the static dielectric constant is nearly equal to the square of the static refractive index, and both increase with Tm content. Furthermore, we also find a slight shift of peaks to a higher energy region with increasing Tm concentration. The decreasing band gap and high value of the absorption in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum make these alloys suitable for photonic and solar cell applications.

关键词： amorphous semiconductors transition metal-doped ZnTe structural computation optical property

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Study of magnetic and optical properties of Zn1-xTmxTe(Tm = mn,Fe,Co,Ni) diluted magnetic semiconductors：First principle approach

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第2期26卷 452-460页

作者： Q mahmood m Hassan m A Faridi Department of Physics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus-54590 Lahore Pakistan Centre for High Energy Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

We present structural,magnetic and optical characteristics of Zn_（1-x）Tm_xTe（Tm = mn,Fe,Co,Ni and x = 6.25%）,calculated through Wien2 k code,by using full potential linearized augmented plane wave（FP-LAPW） *** optimization of the crystal structures have been done to compare the ferromagnetic（Fm） and antiferromagnetic（AFm） ground state energies,to elucidate the ferromagnetic phase stability,which further has been verified through the formation and cohesive ***,the estimated Curie temperatures T_c have demonstrated above room temperature ferromagnetism（RTFm） in Zn_（1-x）Tm_xTe（Tm =mn,Fe,Co,Ni and x= 6.25%）.The calculated electronic properties have depicted that mn- and Co-doped ZnTe behave as ferromagnetic semiconductors,while half-metallic ferromagnetic behaviors are observed in Fe- and Ni-doped *** presence of ferromagnetism is also demonstrated to be due to both the p-d and s-d hybridizations between the host lattice cations and Tm *** calculated band gaps and static real dielectric constants have been observed to vary according to Penn＇s *** evaluated band gaps lie in near visible and ultraviolet regions,which make these materials suitable for various important device applications in optoelectronic and spintronic.

关键词： magnetic semiconductors density functional theory optical and dielectric properties electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids

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Investigations of mechanical, electronic, and magnetic properties of non-magnetic mgTe and ferro-magnetic mg_(0.75)T m_(0.25)Te (Tm = Fe, Co, Ni): An ab-initio calculation

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第4期25卷 303-313页

作者： mahmood Q Alay-e-Abbas S m mahmood I Asif mahmood Noor N A Department of Physics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Department of Physics Government College University Faisalabad Department of Physics University of Sargodha Centre for High Energy Physics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus College of Engineering Chemical Engineering Department King Saud University

The mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of non-magnetic mgTe and ferro-magnetic （Fm） mgo.75 Tm025 Te （Tm = Fe, Co, Ni） in the zinc-blende phase are studied by ab-initio calculations for the first time. We use the generalized gradient approximation functional for computing the structural stability, and mechanical properties, while the modified Becke and Johnson local （spin） density approximation （mBJLDA） is utilized for determining the electronic and magnetic properties. By comparing the energies of non-magnetic and Fm calculations, we find that the compounds are stable in the Fm phase, which is confirmed by their structural stabilities in terms of enthalpy of formation. Detailed descriptions of elastic properties of mgo.75Tmo.25Te alloys in the Fm phase are also presented. For electronic properties, the spin- polarized electronic band structures and density of states are computed, showing that these compounds are direct bandgap materials with strong hybridizations of Tm 3d states and Te p states. Further, the ferromagnetism is discussed in terms of the Zener free electron model, RKKY model and double exchange model. The charge density contours in the （110） plane are calculated to study bonding properties. The spin exchange splitting and crystal field splitting energies are also calculated. The distribution of electron spin density is employed in computing the magnetic moments appearing at the magnetic sites （Fe, Co, Ni）, as well as at the non-magnetic sites （mg, Te）. It is found that the p-d hybridization causes not only magnetic moments on the magnetic sites but also induces negligibly small magnetic moments at the non-magnetic sites.

关键词： FP-LAPW + lo elastic parameters spin polarized electronic properties magnetic properties

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Ab-initio calculations of bandgap tuning of In1-xGaxY(Y=N,P)alloys for optoelectronic applications

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第11期30卷 467-474页

作者： muhammad Rashid Jamil m mahmood Q Shahid m Ramay Asif mahmood A Ghaithan H m Department of Physics Ghazi University City CampusDera Ghazi Khan32200Pakistan Department of Physics COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center(BASRC) College of Science of DammamImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 383Dammam 31113Saudi Arabia Department Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Physics and Astronomy Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The III–V alloys and doping to tune the bandgap for solar cells and other optoelectronic devices has remained a hot topic of research for the last few *** the present article,the bandgap tuning and its influence on optical properties of In1-xGaxN/P,where(x=0.0,0.25,0.50,0.75,and 1.0)alloys are comprehensively analyzed by density functional theory based on full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method(FP-LAPW)and modified Becke and Johnson potentials(TB-mBJ).The direct bandgaps turn from 0.7 eV to 3.44 eV,and 1.41 eV to 2.32 eV for In1-xGaxN/P alloys,which increases their potentials for optoelectronic *** optical properties are discussed such as dielectric constants,refraction,absorption,optical conductivity,and *** light is polarized in the low energy region with minimum *** absorption and optical conduction are maxima in the visible region,and they are shifted into the ultraviolet region by Ga ***,static dielectric constant e1(0)is in line with the bandgap from Penn’s model.

关键词： density functional theory direct bandgap III-V semiconductors tuning of optical band gap solar cell applications

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magnetism,optical,and thermoelectric response of CdFe_2O_4by using DFT scheme

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 376-383页

作者： Q mahmood m Yaseen K C Bhamu Asif mahmood Y Javed Shahid m Ramay materials Growth and Simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of the Punjab Department of Physics University of AgricultureFaisalabad Department of Physics Goa University Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Saud University Physics and Astronomy Department College of Science King Saud University

Comparative analysis of electronic, magnetic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of CdFe2O4, calculated by em- ploying PBEsol ＋ mBJ has been done. The PBEsol reveals metallic nature, while TB-mBJ illustrates ferromagnetic semiconducting behavior. The reasons behind the origin of ferromagnetism are explored by observing the exchange, crystal field, and John-Teller energies. The optical nature is investigated by analyzing dielectric constants, refraction, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, and optical conductivity. Finally, thermoelectric properties are elaborated by describing the electri- cal and thermal conductivities, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor. The strong absorption for the visible energy and high power factor suggest CdFe2O4 as the potential candidate for renewable energy applications.

关键词： frustrated magnetism density functional theory John-Teller distortion Hund's rule

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Electronic and thermoelectric properties of alkali metal-based perovskites CsYbF3 and RbYbF3

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第11期29卷 473-478页

作者： Q mahmood N A Noor T Ghrib Nessrin A Kattan Asif mahmood Shahid m Ramay Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 198231441DammamSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 198231441DammamSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityMedinaSaudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Physics and Astronomy Department College of ScienceKing Saud University RiyadhRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The electronic and thermoelectric properties of alkali metal-based fluorides CsYbF3 and RbYbF3 are studied by using Wien2k and BoltzTraP *** structural and thermodynamic stability of these materials are confirmed by tolerance factor(0.94 and 0.99 for RbYbF3 and CsYbF3)and negative formation *** optimized lattice constants and bulk moduli are consistent with the results reported in the *** reported band gap for RbYbF3 is 0.86 eV which decreases to 0.83 eV by the replacement of Cs with *** electrical and thermal conductivities along with Seebeck coefficients decrease with temperature rising from 0 K to 800 *** large values of thermoelectric parameters for positive chemical potentials show that the character is dominated by *** studied materials have figures of merit 0.82 and 0.81 at room temperature respectively,for RbYbF3 and CsYbF3 and increase with temperature ***,the materials under study may have potential application values in thermoelectric generators and refrigerators.

关键词： density functional theory thermodynamic stability electrical conductivity figure of merit

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Radiation induced decontamination of Cr(Ⅵ),Cu(Ⅱ) and phenol in some tannery effluents

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2007年第4期18卷 212-217页

作者： Hasan m. KHAN Abdul mahmood Radiation Chemistry Laboratory National Centre of Excellence in Physical ChemistryUniversity of PeshawarPeshawar 25120Pakistan

Industrialization has led to a number of environmental problems, such as release of toxic metals and other toxic organic and inorganic compounds to the environment. Among all, the rapid expansion of leather related industries in Pakistan have resulted in considerable environmental problems and effluents from processing of both domestic and imported hides and skins have increased pollution to alarming levels. Some tannery effluents of Peshawar area investigated in the present study showed high concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) (2.7-12.6 mg/L), Cu(Ⅱ) (2.6-11.4 mg/L) and phenol (0.1-4.2 mg/L). These contaminants are very toxic and must be removed from effluents before releasing into water bodies. A new technique of gamma irradiation has been investigated to decrease the load of COD and concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ), Cu(Ⅱ) and phenol associated with tannery effluents to the permitted values. It was observed that concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) in the effluents can be brought to the permitted level by applying radiation dose of 3 kGy. A radiation dose of 2.5 kGy was required to remove more than 95% of Cu(Ⅱ) and 100 % degradation of phenol in tannery effluents could be achieved by only one kGy of radiation dose.

关键词：制革厂污水处理方法环境保护

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Experimental Investigation of micro Heat Pipes of Different Cross-Sections Having Same Hydraulic Diameter

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第3期17卷 247-252页

作者： S.L.mahmood m.A.R.Akhanda Department of mechanical and Chemical Engineering Islamic University of Technology

Effects of micro heat pipe （mHP） cross-sections and orientations on its thermal performance are experimentally investigated in this study. Tests are conducted using five different cross-sections （circular, semicircular, elliptical, semi-elliptical and rectangular） of micro heat pipes having same hydraulic diameter of 3 rnm placed at three different inclination angles （0°, 45°, 90°）, where water is used as the working fluid. Evaporator section of the mHP is heated by an electric heater and the condenser section is cooled by circulation of water in an annular space between condenser section and the water jacket. Temperatures at different locations of the mHP are measured using five calibrated K type thermocouples. Heat supply is varied using a voltage regulator which is measured by a precision ammeter and a voltmeter. It is found that thermal performance tends to deteriorate as the mHP is flattened. Thus among all cross-sections of mHP, circular one exhibits the best thermal performance in terms of heat flux dissipation followed by semi-elliptical, semi-circular, elliptical and rectangular cross-sections. moreover, its heat transfer capability also decreases with decreasing of its inclination angle. Finally, a correlation is developed which covers all the experimental data within ＋7%.

关键词： micro heat pipe cross-section hydraulic diameter inclination.

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Isolation and characteristics of Arthrobacter *** CW-1 for biodegradation of PAEs

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第9期8卷 1469-1474页

作者： mahmood Qaisar Department of Environmental Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029China

Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate （DmP） under anoxic conditions has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps using strain CW-1 isolated from digested sludge of Sibao Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hangzhou, China. The microbial colony on LB medium was yellowish, 3-5 mm in diameter, convex in the center, and embedded in mucous externally. The individual cells of strain CW-1 are irregular rods, measuring （0.6-0.7）×（0.9-1.0） pm, V-shaped, with clubbed ends, Gram positive and without any filaments. 16S rDNA （ 1438 bp） sequence analysis showed that the strain was related to Arthrobacter sp. CW-1 and can degrade PAEs utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor, but cannot mineralize DmP completely. The degradation pathway was recommended as： dimethyl phthalate （DmP）→monomethyl phthalate （mmP）--,phthalic acid （PA）. DmP biodegradation was a first order reaction with degradation rate constant of 0.3033 d 1 and half-life 2.25 d. The DmP conversion to PA by CW-1 could be described by using sequential kinetic model.

关键词： Denitrifying bacteria Arthrobacter sp. strain CW-1 Dimethyl phthalate (DmP) Phthalic acid (PA) DmP degradation pathway

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