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Enhancing Cybersecurity through AI and ML: Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directions

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Journal of Information Security 2024年第3期15卷 320-339页

作者： Maryam Roshanaei mahir R. Khan Natalie N. Sylvester Information Sciences and Technology Department Pennsylvania State University Abington USA

The landscape of cybersecurity is rapidly evolving due to the advancement and integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). This paper explores the crucial role of AI and ML in enhancing cybersecurity defenses against increasingly sophisticated cyber threats, while also highlighting the new vulnerabilities introduced by these technologies. Through a comprehensive analysis that includes historical trends, technological evaluations, and predictive modeling, the dual-edged nature of AI and ML in cybersecurity is examined. Significant challenges such as data privacy, continuous training of AI models, manipulation risks, and ethical concerns are addressed. The paper emphasizes a balanced approach that leverages technological innovation alongside rigorous ethical standards and robust cybersecurity practices. This approach facilitates collaboration among various stakeholders to develop guidelines that ensure responsible and effective use of AI in cybersecurity, aiming to enhance system integrity and privacy without compromising security.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Cybersecurity Data Privacy and Security Ethical Standards

Navigating AI Cybersecurity: Evolving Landscape and Challenges

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2024年第3期16卷 155-174页

作者： Maryam Roshanaei mahir R. Khan Natalie N. Sylvester IST Department Pennsylvania State University Abington Abington USA

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into critical sectors has revealed a complex landscape of cybersecurity challenges that are unique to these advanced technologies. AI systems, with their extensive data dependencies and algorithmic complexities, are susceptible to a broad spectrum of cyber threats that can undermine their functionality and compromise their integrity. This paper provides a detailed analysis of these threats, which include data poisoning, adversarial attacks, and systemic vulnerabilities that arise from the AI’s operational and infrastructural frameworks. This paper critically examines the effectiveness of existing defensive mechanisms, such as adversarial training and threat modeling, that aim to fortify AI systems against such vulnerabilities. In response to the limitations of current approaches, this paper explores a comprehensive framework for the design and implementation of robust AI systems. This framework emphasizes the development of dynamic, adaptive security measures that can evolve in response to new and emerging cyber threats, thereby enhancing the resilience of AI systems. Furthermore, the paper addresses the ethical dimensions of AI cybersecurity, highlighting the need for strategies that not only protect systems but also preserve user privacy and ensure fairness across all operations. In addition to current strategies and ethical concerns, this paper explores future directions in AI cybersecurity.

关键词： AI Cybersecurity Adversarial Attacks Defensive Strategies Ethical AI

The Interface Stress Field in the Elastic System Consisting of the Hollow Cylinder and Surrounding Elastic Medium Under 3D Non-Axisymmetric Forced Vibration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第1期54卷 61-81页

作者： Surkay D.Akbarov mahir A.Mehdiyev Yildiz Technical University Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringYildiz Campus34349 BesiktasIstanbulTurkey Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan 37041 BakuAzerbaijan Azerbaijan State University of Economics(UNEC) Department of Mathematics1001BakuAzerbaijan

The paper develops and employs analytical-numerical solution method for the study of the time-harmonic dynamic stress field in the system consisting of the hollow cylinder and surrounding elastic medium under the non-axisymmetric forced vibration of this *** is assumed that in the interior of the hollow cylinder the point-located with respect to the cylinder axis,non-axisymmetric with respect to the circumferential direction and uniformly distributed time-harmonic forces *** boundary value problem is solved by employing of the exponential Fourier transformation with respect to the axial coordinate and by employing of the Fourier series expansion of these *** results on the frequency response of the interface normal stresses are presented and discussed.

关键词： Interface stress field frequency response hollow cylinder elastic medium forced vibration

Serum neopterin levels in children with hepatitis-B-related chronic liver disease and its relationship to disease severity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第44期14卷 6840-6843页

作者： Enver mahir Gulcan Ipek Tirit Ayse Anil Erdal Adal Gulsen Ozbay Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Istanbul Bakirkoy Maternity and Children Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Pediatrics Istanbul Bakirkoy Maternity and Children Training ad Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Pathology Cerrahpasa Medical SchoolIstanbulTurkey

AIM:To evaluate serum neopterin levels and their correlations with liver function tests and histological grade in children with hepatitis-B-related chronic liver disease. METHODS:The study population comprised 48 patients with chronic active hepatitis B,32 patients with hepatitis-B-related active liver cirrhosis and 40 normal controls. Serum neopterin was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS:The mean ± SD serum neopterin levels were 14.2 ± 5.6 nmol/L in patients with chronic hepatitis,20.3 ± 7.9 nmol/L in patients with liver cirrhosis and 5.2 ± 1.4 nmol/L in control group. Serum neopterin levels were signif icantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis (P = 0.005) and cirrhosis patients (P = 0.008),than in control subjects. Cirrhotic patients had signif icantly higher serum neopterin levels than patients with chronic hepatitis (P = 0.004). There was a positive correlation between serum neopterin levels and alanine aminotransferase levels in patients with chronic hepatitis (r = 0.41,P = 0.004) and cirrhotic patients (r = 0.39,P = 0.005). Positive correlations were detected between serum neopterin levels and inflammatory score in patients with chronic hepatitis (r = 0.51,P = 0.003) and cirrhotic patients (r = 0.49,P = 0.001). CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that serum neopterin levels can be considered as a marker of inflammatory activity and severity of disease in children with hepatitis-B-related chronic liver disease.

关键词： Hepatitis B Chronic liver disease Serumneopterin Histological grade Children

Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a primer on immunotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 194-205页

作者： mahir Maruf Sam J.Brancato Piyush K.Agarwal Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） has long been the gold standard treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Recently, there has been an emergence of novel immunotherapeutic agents, which have shown promise in the treatment of urothelial cell carcinoma. These agents aim to augment, modify, or enhance the immune response. Such strategies include recombinant BCG, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, gene therapy, and adoptive T-cell therapy. Here, we review the emerging immunotherapeutics in the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

关键词： Urothelial cell carcinoma Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy bladder cancer

Internal biliary fistula due to cholelithiasis:A single-centre experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4606-4609页

作者： Arife Polat Duzgun Mehmet mahir Ozmen Mehmet Vasfi Ozer Faruk Coskun Department of 3rd Surgery Ankara Numune Teaching and Research Hospital Ankara Turkey

AIM： To discuss about the perioperative problems encountered in patients with internal biliary fistula （IBF） caused by cholelithiasis.METHODS： In our hospital, 4 130 cholecystectomies were carried out for symptomatic cholelithiasis from January 2000 to March 2004 and only 12 patients were diagnosed with IBF. The perioperative data of these 12 IBF patients were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS： The incidence of IBF due to cholelithiasis was nearly 0.3%. The mean age was 57 years. Most of the patients presented with non-specific complaints. Only two patients were considered to have IBF when gallstone ileus was observed during the investigations. Nine patients underwent emergency laparotomy with a pre-operative diagnosis of acute abdomen. In the remaining three patients, elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy was converted to open surgery after identification of IBF. Ten patients had cholecystoduodenal fistula and two patients had cholecystocholedochal fistula. The mean hospital stay was 23 d. Two wound infections, three bile leakages and three mortalities were observed.CONCLUSION： Cholecystectomy has to be performed in early stage in the patients who were diagnosed as cholelithiasis to prevent the complications like IBF which is seen rarely. Suspicion of IBF should be kept in mind, especially in the case of difficult dissection during cholecystectomy and attention should be paid in order to prevent iatrogenic injuries.

关键词： Internal biliary fistula Cholecystoduodenalfistula Cholelithiasis Iatrogenic injuries

Right-wing and populist support for climate mitigation policies:Evidence from Poland and its carbon-intensive Silesia region

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区域可持续发展（英文） 2022年第4期3卷 281-293页

作者： mahir YAZAR Lukas HERMWILLE Håvard HAARSTAD Centre for Climate and Energy Transformation Department of GeographyUniversity of BergenBergen5020Norway Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment and EnergyDoppersberg 19Wuppertal42103Germany

Research on environmental behaviour is often overlooked in literature on regime destabilization in energy *** study addresses that gap by focusing on socio-political and demographic factors shaping support for carbon regime destabilization policies in one of the most carbon-intensive regions of ***-intensive industries,especially coal mining and coal-based power generation,are often concentrated in a few carbon-intensive ***,decarbonization actions will affect those regions particularly ***,carbon-intensive regions often exert significant political influence on the two climate mitigation policies at the national *** on Poland,we investigate socio-political and demographic factors that correlate with the approval or rejection of the two climate mitigation policies:increasing taxes on fossil fuels such as oil,gas,and coal and using public money to subsidize renewable energy such as wind and solar power in Poland and its carbon-intensive Silesia *** logistic regression with individual-level data derived from the 2016 European Social Survey(ESS)and the 2014 Chapel Hill Expert Survey(CHES),we find partypolitical ideology to be an important predictor at the national level but much less so at the regional ***,voting for right-wing party is not a divisive factor for individual support of the two climate mitigation policies either nationally or *** interestingly,populism is a strong factor in support of increasing taxes on fossil fuel in the carbon-intensive Silesia region but is less important concerning in support of using public money to subsidize renewable energy in Poland *** results show the heterogeneity of right-wing party and populism within the support for the two climate mitigation ***-demographic factors,especially age,gender,education level,employment status,and employment sector,have even more complex and heterogeneous components in supp

关键词： Decarbonization actions Right-wing party Populism Climate mitigation policies Poland Silesia

Trace Elements in the Soil-Plant Systems of Copper Mine Areas-A Case Study From Murgul Copper Mine From the Black Sea Region of Turkey

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第3期88卷 223-238页

作者： Munir Ozturk Volkan Altay mahir Kucuk Ibrahim Ertuğrul Yalçın Botany Department&Centre for Environmental Studies Ege UniversityIzmir35040Turkey Biology Department Faculty of Sciences and ArtsHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatay31060Turkey Sustainable Forest Management Advisor-UNDP Ankara06560Turkey Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir UniversityIstanbul34349Turkey

This study presents a case study on the heavy metal analysis of soil and plant samples around the Murgul copper mine,one of the first and most important mining areas in *** attempt has been made to investigate the status of trace elements like Al^(3+),Fe^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Pb^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+)and Cd^(2+)in soils and *** sampling localities were taken from 500 m,600 m,and 1000 m altitudes around the factory and at 1400 m in the forest *** aboveground parts and foliage ash of Silene compacta,Tussilago farfara,Smilax excelsa,Rhododendron ponticum,***,and herbal mix were *** results of analysis have revealed the minimum and maximum concentrations measured in the plants as follows;aluminium(20-8985 mg kg^(-1)),cadmium(0.0-0.5 mg kg^(-1)),cobalt(0.0-5.5 mg kg^(-1)),copper(0.0-347.5 mg kg^(-1)),iron(25-9320 mg kg^(-1)),lead(2-51 mg kg^(-1)),nickel(1.5-16.5 mg kg^(-1)),and zinc(13.0-221.0 mg kg^(-1)).In the soil the concentrations of aluminium,cadmium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,nickel,and zinc vary between 33-457,0.0-0.0,0.0-0.4,0.1-88.7,14-50,0.3-4.1,0.2-0.8,and 4.0-20.3 mg kg^(-1) *** findings enlighten the fact that copper is generally toxic in the soils as well as *** compacta has been recorded as a high copper accumulator,behaving as a healthy plant on the polluted sites of the area alongside the Murgul creek(especially at 600 m).This study stresses the fact that it is imperative to assess and monitor the levels of heavy metals in the environment due to anthropogenic activities,including mining,for evaluation of human exposure and for sustainable environment.

关键词： Copper mines environmental pollution heavy metals soil-plant interactions toxicity

Emergency cholecystectomy vs percutaneous cholecystostomy plus delayed cholecystectomy for patients with acute cholecystitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第3期13卷 316-322页

作者： Feza Y Karakayali Aydincan Akdur mahir Kirnap Ali Harman Yahya Ekici G?han Moray Department of General Surgery Baskent University School of Medicine Department of Radiology Baskent University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: In low-risk patients with acute cholecystitis who did not respond to nonoperative treatment, we prospectively compared treatment with emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy or percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy followed by delayed ***: In 91 patients(American Society of Anesthesiologists class I or II) who had symptoms of acute cholecystitis ≥72 hours at hospital admission and who did not respond to nonoperative treatment(48 hours), 48 patients were treated with emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 43 patients were treated with delayed cholecystectomy at ≥4 weeks after insertion of a percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy catheter. After initial treatment, the patients were followed up for 23 months on average(range 7-29).RESULT: Compared with the patients who had emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the patients who were treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy and delayed cholecystectomy had a lower frequency of conversion to open surgery [19(40%) vs 8(19%); P=0.029], a frequency of intraoperative bleeding ≥100 mL [16(33%) vs 4(9%); P=0.006],a mean postoperative hospital stay(5.3±3.3 vs 3.0±2.4 days;P=0.001), and a frequency of complications [17(35%) vs 4(9%);P=0.003].CONCLUSION: In patients with acute cholecystitis who presented to the hospital ≥72 hours after symptom onset and did not respond to nonoperative treatment for 48 hours, percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy with delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy produced better outcomes and fewer complications than emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

关键词： acute abdomen acute cholecystitis complications laparoscopy surgery biliary tract