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Promise of metformin for preventing age-related cognitive dysfunction

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 503-507页

作者： Leelavathi N.Madhu maheedhar kodali Ashok K.Shetty Institute for Regenerative Medicine Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTexas A&M University College of MedicineCollege StationTXUSA

The expanded lifespan of people,while a positive advance,has also amplified the prevalence of age-related disorders,which include mild cognitive impairment,dementia,and Alzheimer's disease.Therefore,competent therapies that could improve the healthspan of people have great significance.Some of the dietary and pharmacological approaches that augment the lifespan could also preserve improved cognitive function in old age.Metformin,a drug widely used for treating diabetes,is one such candidate that could alleviate age-related cognitive dysfunction.However,the possible use of metformin to alleviate age-related cognitive dysfunction has met with conflicting results in human and animal studies.While most clinical studies have suggested the promise of metformin to maintain better cognitive function and reduce the risk for developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease in aged diabetic people,its efficacy in the nondiabetic population is still unclear.Moreover,a previous animal model study implied that metformin could adversely affect cognitive function in the aged.However,a recent animal study using multiple behavioral tests has reported that metformin treatment in late middle age improved cognitive function in old age.The study also revealed that cognitionenhancing effects of metformin in aged animals were associated with the activation of the energy regulator adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,diminished neuroinflammation,inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling,and augmented autophagy in the hippocampus.The proficiency of metformin to facilitate these favorable modifications in the aged hippocampus likely underlies its positive effect on cognitive function.Nonetheless,additional studies probing the outcomes of different doses and durations of metformin treatment at specific windows in the middle and old age across sex in nondiabetic and non-obese prototypes are required to substantiate the promise of metformin to maintain better cognitive function in old age.

关键词： activated microglia aging autophagy cognitive dysfunction memory metformin mTOR signaling neuroinflammation

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Past, present, and future directions

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 129-138页

作者： Sudha kodali Ashton A Connor Souhail Thabet Elizabeth W Brombosz R Mark Ghobrial Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA JC Walter Jr Transplant Center Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Surgery Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA School of Medicine New Giza UniversityGizaEgypt

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a rare biliary tract cancer with high mortality rate.Complete resection of the iCCA lesion is the first choice of treatment,with good prognosis after margin-negative resection.Unfortunately,only 12%-40% of patients are eligible for resection at presentation due to cirrhosis,portal hypertension,or large tumor size.Liver transplantation(LT)offers margin-negative iCCA extirpation for patients with unresectable tumors.Initially,iCCA was a contraindication for LT until size-based selection criteria were introduced to identify patients with satisfied post-LT outcomes.Recent studies have shown that tumor biology-based selection can yield high post-LT survival in patients with locally advanced iCCA.Another selection criterion is the tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy.Patients with response to neoadjuvant therapy have better outcomes after LT compared with those without tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy.Another index that helps predict the treatment outcome is the biomarker.Improved survival outcomes have also opened the door for living donor LT for iCCA.Patients undergoing LT for iCCA now have statistically similar survival rates as patients undergoing resection.The combination of surgery and locoregional and systemic therapies improves the prognosis of iCCA patients.

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Hepatectomy Transplant oncology Liver neoplasm

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Joint Rain Streaks & Haze Removal Network for Object Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4683-4702页

作者： Ragini Thatikonda Prakash kodali Ramalingaswamy Cheruku Eswaramoorthy K.V Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal506004India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal506004India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign and ManufacturingKurnool518008India

In the realm of low-level vision tasks,such as image deraining and dehazing,restoring images distorted by adverse weather conditions remains a significant challenge.The emergence of abundant computational resources has driven the dominance of deep Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs),supplanting traditional methods reliant on prior knowledge.However,the evolution of CNN architectures has tended towards increasing complexity,utilizing intricate structures to enhance performance,often at the expense of computational efficiency.In response,we propose the Selective Kernel Dense Residual M-shaped Network(SKDRMNet),a flexible solution adept at balancing computational efficiency with network accuracy.A key innovation is the incorporation of an M-shaped hierarchical structure,derived from the U-Net framework as M-Network(M-Net),within which the Selective Kernel Dense Residual Module(SDRM)is introduced to reinforce multi-scale semantic feature maps.Our methodology employs two sampling techniques-bilinear and pixel unshuffled and utilizes a multi-scale feature fusion approach to distil more robust spatial feature map information.During the reconstruction phase,feature maps of varying resolutions are seamlessly integrated,and the extracted features are effectively merged using the Selective Kernel Fusion Module(SKFM).Empirical results demonstrate the comprehensive superiority of SKDRMNet across both synthetic and real rain and haze datasets.

关键词： Image deraining Selective Dense Residual Module(SDRM) Selective Kernel Fusion Module(SKFM) Selective KernelDense Residual M-Shaped Network(SKDRMNet)

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Women’s health issues in solid organ transplantation:Breast and gynecologic cancers in the post-transplant population

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 129-137页

作者： Michelle Jones-Pauley Sudha kodali Tamneet Basra David W Victor Department of Gastroenterology Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77008United States Department of Transplant Hepatology Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030United States

The success of solid organ transplant has steadily improved which has led to a unique set of post-transplant issues.The rates of de novo cancer in the solid organ transplant recipient population are higher than those in the general population.There is growing evidence that breast and gynecologic cancers may have a higher mortality rate in post-transplant patients.Cervical and vulvovaginal cancers specifically have a significantly higher mortality in this population.Despite this increased mortality risk,there is currently no consistent standard in screening and identifying these cancers in post-transplant patients.Breast,ovarian and endometrial cancers do not appear to have significantly increased incidence.However,the data on these cancers remains limited.Further studies are needed to determine if more aggressive screening strategies would be of benefit for these cancers.Here we review the cancer incidence,mortality risk and current screening methods associated with breast and gynecologic cancers in the post-solid organ transplant population.

关键词： Cancer screening Solid organ transplant Female-specific cancer

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Global geoepidemiology of gastrointestinal surgery rates in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1835-1844页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton Bangolo Vignesh K Nagesh Htat Aung Midhun Mathew Lino Garcia Shiva A Chandar Praveena Karamthoti Harinder Bawa Aseel Alshimari Yabets Kejela Nazish Mehdi Chrishanti A Joseph Athri kodali Rohan Kumar Priya Goyal Sanya Satheesha Fnu Nivedita Nicole Tesoro Tanni Sethi Gurpreet Singh Areej Belal Alina Intisar Hirra Khalid Samuel Cornwell Suchith B Suresh Kareem Ahmed Karabo K Marole Om P Anand Rahat B Reshi Tej I Mehta Sameh Elias Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21218United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

BACKGROUND Data regarding the worldwide gastrointestinal surgery rates in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)remains limited.AIM To systematically review the global variation in the rates of surgery in CD.METHODS A comprehensive search analysis was performed using multiple electronic databases from inception through July 1,2020,to identify all full text,randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to gastrointestinal surgery rates in adult patients with CD.Outcomes included continent based demographic data,CD surgery rates over time,as well as the geoepidemiologic variation in CD surgery rates.Statistical analyses were conducted using R.RESULTS Twenty-three studies spanning four continents were included.The median proportion of persons with CD who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in studies from North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania were 30%(range:1.7%-62.0%),40%(range:0.6%-74.0%),17%(range:16.0%-43.0%),and 38%respectively.No clear association was found regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time in North America(R^(2)=0.035)and Europe(R^(2)=0.100).A moderate,negative association was seen regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time(R^(2)=0.520)in Asia.CONCLUSION There appears to be significant inter-continental variation regarding surgery rates in CD.Homogenous evidencebased guidelines accounting for the geographic differences in managing patients with CD is prudent.Moreover,as a paucity of data on surgery rates in CD exists outside the North American and European continents,future studies,particularly in less studied locales,are warranted.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Crohn’s disease Geoepidemiology Inflammatory bowel disease Prevalence

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Potent suppression of hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma: how long is good enough?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 212-213页

作者： Sudha kodali Ashwani K. Singal Division of gastroenterology and hepatology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA

Approximately one third of the world's population has serological evidence of past or present infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). The natural history of chronic HBV infection, ranges from an inactive carrier state to progressive chronic hepatitis B (CHB), which may evolve to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1,2). HBV-related end stage liver disease is responsible for over 0.5–1 million deaths per year and currently represent 5–10% of cases of liver transplantation (1). Many factors can potentially induce development of HCC in HBV infected patients. These are (I) chronic necroinflammatory activity induced by immune response to the virus, (II) apoptosis of cells with cellular damage resulting in dysplasia of the hepatocytes, and (III) direct oncogenic potential of HBV with integration of its DNA with the host DNA.

关键词： hepatocellular hepatitis infection

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Viral hepatitis:A narrative review of hepatitis A–E

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2022年第3期10卷 99-121页

作者： Zunirah Ahmed Akshay Shetty David W Victor Sudha kodali Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Underwood Center for Digestive DisordersHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Hepatology J C Walter Jr Transplant CenterSherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and TransplantationWeill Cornell Medical CollegeHoustonTX 77030United States

Viral hepatitis continues to be a major health concern leading to hepatic decompensation ranging from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.The hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations are not only debilitating but also associated with a significant economic burden.Over the last two decades,the field of virology has made significant breakthroughs leading to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of viral hepatitis,which in turn has led to new therapeutic options.The advent of direct-acting antiviral agents changed the landscape of hepatitis C virus(HCV)therapy,and new drugs are in the pipeline for chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)treatment.There has also been a significant emphasis on screening and surveillance programs,widespread availability of vaccines,and linkage of care.Despite these efforts,significant gaps persist in care,and there is a pressing need for increased collaboration and teamwork across the globe to achieve a reduction of disease burden and elimination of HBV and HCV.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Recent advances Novel therapies Barriers to cure Future direction

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In silico sgRNA tool design for CRISPR control of quorum sensing in Acinetobacter species

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Genes & Diseases 2018年第2期5卷 123-129页

作者： Abraham Peele Karlapudi Venkateswarulu T.C Jahnavi Tammineedi Krupanidhi Srirama Lohit Kanumuri Vidya Prabhakar kodali Department of Biotechnology Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and ResearchVadlamudiGuntur 522213India Department of Biotechnology Vikrama Simhapuri UniversityNelloreIndia

CRISPR genome editing utilizes Cas9 nuclease and single guide RNA(sgRNA),which directs the nuclease to a specific site in the genome and makes a double-stranded break(DSB).Design of sgRNA for CRISPR-Cas targeting,and to promote CRISPR adaptation,uses a regulatory mechanism that ensures maximum CRISPR-Cas9 system functions when a bacterial population is at highest risk of phage infection.Acinetobacter baumannii is the most regularly identified gram-negative bacterium infecting patients.Recent reports have demonstrated that the extent of diseases caused by A.baumannii is expanding and,in a few cases,now surpasses the quantity of infections caused by P.aeruginosa.Most Acinetobacter strains possess biofilm-forming ability,which plays a major role in virulence and drug resistance.Biofilm bacteria use quorum sensing,a cell-to-cell communication process,to activate gene expression.Many genes are involved in biofilm formation and the mechanism to disrupt the biofilm network is still not clearly understood.In this study,we performed in silico gene editing to exploit the AbaI gene,responsible for biofilm formation.The study explored different tools available for genome editing to create gene knockouts,selecting the A.baumannii AbaI gene as a target.

关键词： AbaI Acinetobacter baumannii CHOPCHOP Crispr-cas9 sgRNA

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease after Liver Transplant

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第3期9卷 428-435页

作者： Akshay Shetty Fanny Giron Mukul K.Divatia Muhammad I.Ahmad Sudha kodali David Victor Department of Medicine Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and TransplantationHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTXUSA Department of Medicine Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTXUSA Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTXUSA

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in the world.The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)has led to a 170%increase in NASH cirrhosis as the listing indication for liver transplantation from 2004 to 2013.As of 2018,NASH has overtaken hepatitis C as an indication for liver transplantation in the USA.After liver transplantation,the allograft often develops recurrent NAFLD among patients with known NASH cirrhosis.In addition to recurrent disease,de novo NAFLD has been reported in patients with other indications for liver transplantation.In this review,we will discuss the risk factors associated with recurrent and de novo NAFLD,natural course of the disease,and management strategies after liver transplantation.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Posttransplant Recurrent NAFLD De novo NAFLD Recurrent NASH De novo NASH

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Role of biosurfactants in bioremediation of oil pollution-a review

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Petroleum 2018年第3期4卷 241-249页

作者： Abraham Peele Karlapudi TCVenkateswarulu Jahnavi Tammineedi Lohit Kanumuri Bharath Kumar Ravuru Vijaya ramu Dirisala Vidya Prabhakar kodali Department of Biotechnology Vignan's Foundation for ScienceTechnology&ResearchVadlamudi522213India Department of Biotechnology Vikrama Simhapuri UniversityNellore524320India

The energy resources mainly petroleum and petroleum hydrocarbons are major pollutants of the environment.The oil and oil products contamination may cause severe harm and hence,the attention has been remunerated in the development of alternative technologies for elimination of these contaminants.Biosurfactants were used in the remediation of oil pollution due to advantages such as biodegradability and low toxicity.The biosurfactants are produced from low cost substrates like agro-industrial wastes which reduce the cost of production.Biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers are amphiphilic compounds and are produced as extracellular or a part of the cell membrane by bacteria.The insight view,how hydrocarbons are degraded by microorganisms and thereby reduce the damage of ecosystem is highly essential to target the problem.Biofilms are the bacterial communities which protects the bacterial cells from various adverse conditions.The present review describes the biosurfactants and its synthesis from bacteria and also emphases on the role of surfactants in oil remediation.

关键词： Biosurfactant Bioremediation Microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR) Biofilm

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