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An Exploration of the Ambiguities of EIGRP Cost Matrix

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2012年第7期9卷 795-801页

作者： mahdi h.miraz Monir Bhuiyan Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering University of Hail Hail Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Institute oflnformation Technology University ofDhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Does higher tax rate affect tobacco usage?Unravelling the nexus between tobacco regulatory control and public health concern

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Global health Journal 2023年第4期7卷 212-221页

作者： Mominur Rahman Bishawjit Chandra Deb Jahid hasan Mahabubul Alam Tahmina Begum h.M.miraz Mahmud Mohammad Shamimul Islam Muhammad Shajib Rahman Major in Accounting&Information Systems Research WingBangldesh Institute of Governance and Management Dhaka 1207Bangladesh Department of Accounting&Information Systems Comilla UniversityCumilla 3506Bangladesh Department of Management Studies Comilla UniversityCumilla 3506Bangladesh Department of Accounting Bhasha Soinik Ajit Guha CollegeComilla 3500Bangladesh Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs Dhaka 1216Bangladesh

Objectives:Bangladesh stands as a prominent global consumer of tobacco,with alarming consequences on public *** Global Adult Tobacco Survey reported that tobacco consumption claimed over 126000 lives in 2018,contributing to 13.5%of all deaths in the *** study aims to explore the effectiveness of higher tax rates and tobacco use regulation as control mechanisms in mitigating tobacco consumption and health care cost burden,with a particular emphasis on its implications for public ***:This study is based on the annual time series data over the period *** study employs the ordinary least square method to analyze the quantitative confirming the stationarity of data at *** research uses different models to investigate individual effects and combined effects on both tobacco consumption and tobacco health care cost ***:The study finds a negative relationship between tobacco tax rate and tobacco *** specifically,the higher tax rate of tobacco(low(β=-0.3495),medium(β=-0.2319),high(β=-0.9033),premium(β=-0.7322),filtered(β=-0.2114),and non-filtered(β=-0.3452)categories)is significant to reduce tobacco use at 1%level of *** study finds similar results when it applied tobacco retail price instead of tobacco tax rate as the independent ***,the study investigates the impact on health care cost through tobacco consumption,tobacco control law,growth rate,export-import,and tobacco *** results indicate that tobacco consumption,export-import,and tobacco production increases health care cost burden while tobacco use regulatory decreases *** reducing tobacco consumption,higher taxes and tobacco use regulation contribute to alleviating the burden on the healthcare system,promoting healthier lifestyles,and aligning with global health ***:higher tax rate on tobacco products is necessary to increase the retail price so that tobacco users cannot consume ***

关键词： Tobacco tax Taxation Tobaccouse Public health Tobacco control health care cost

Isolation of Two Furanoditerpenes and Two Triterpenes from the Stem Bark of <i>Dalbergia lanceolaria</i>L.f.

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2019年第12期10卷 519-527页

作者： Sharmin Sultana Fakir Shahidullah Tareq Khondaker miraz Rahman Choudhury Mahmood hasan Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy Manarat International University Dhaka Bangladesh School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences King’s College London London UK Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Stem bark of Dalbergia lanceolaria was subjected to methanolic extraction and extensive phytochemical separation. The process yielded four known compounds namely Jateorin (1), Columbin (2), β-sitosterol (3), and Lupeol (4). The compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data namely 1h NMR, 13C NMR, 1h-1h COSY, hMBC, and DEPT-135 and verified by comparing the data with previous literature. All four compounds are being reported for the first time from the species D. lanceolaria. Furthermore, two furanoditerpenes namely Jateorin and Columbin are reported for the first time from the genus Dalbergia. This may lead to potential identification of a new chemotaxonomic marker for this genus.

关键词： Dalbergia lanceolaria Fabaceae Jateorin Columbin Furanoditerpene 1hNMR

Comparative Study on Semen Quality and Fertility of Red Chittagong Cattle, BCB1 and Munshiganj Bulls of Bangladesh

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2022年第9期13卷 428-441页

作者： Sheikh Mohammad Jahangir hossain Md. Faizul hossain miraz Shahrina Akter Md. Younus Ali Gautam Kumar Deb Biotechnology Division Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

The present study was conducted to analyze the fresh and post-thaw semen quality and fertility from native bulls of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC), BLRI Cattle Breed 1 (BCB1), and Munshiganj Cattle of Bangladesh. One hundred and seventy-two ejaculates were collected by artificial vagina set and semen analysis was performed using Computer Assisted Sperm Analyzer (CASA) at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute. Commercial extender (AndroMed) was used to dilute the fresh semen. After equilibration (4°C for 4 hr), freezing was done using a programmable bio-freezer. Post-thawed semen was evaluated for sperm motility and kinematics. Cryopreserved semen straws were used for artificial insemination (AI) and determined the bull fertility based on 60 days non-return rate. Motility of the sperm differs significantly (p he genotypes. Total motility was higher in Munshiganj bulls and static motility was higher in BCB1 bulls. however, the semen volume and sperm concentration did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) among the bulls but the highest concentration was found in Munshiganj bull (1669.60 ± 192.07 million/ml) followed by RCC (1648.70 ± 91.07 million/ml) and BCB1 bull (1481.60 ± 167.35 million/ml). Moreover, the highest bent tail (5.89 ± 0.75%), coiled tail (1.01% ± 0.22%) and distal mid-piece reflex (2.26% ± 0.28%) were observed in BCB1 followed by Munshiganj and RCC. Amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALh) was recorded higher in post-thaw than in fresh semen. Kinematics parameters of post-thaw semen decreased than fresh semen irrespective of genotypes. More number of doses/ejaculates can be produced from Munshiganj bull (394.34 ± 127.95) followed by RCC (349.01 ± 120.91) and BCB 1 bulls (331 ± 98.99). Fertility rate does not differ among the bulls (p > 0.05) but the highest value was found for RCC (62.06% ± 1.94%) bulls. Therefore, it can be concise that, the quality of Red Chittagong Cattle semen is better than BCB 1 and Munshigang bull.

关键词： Native Bulls CASA Sperm Kinematics Morphology and Fertility

Investigation of Ovarian Follicular Waves and Major hormonal Profile in Red Chittagong Cattle

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 7-21页

作者： Saiful Islam Md. Ahsanul Kabir Md. Faizul hossain miraz Effat Jahan Tamanna Satya Ranjan Sarker Zinia Islam S. M. Jahangir hossain Sharif hossain Gautam Kumar Deb Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Biotechnology Division Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute Savar Dhaka Bangladesh

Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) is one of the renowned varieties of cattle which is indigenous and most potential type of domestic animal genetic resource in Bangladesh with distinct phenotypic characteristics. Reproductive management might be a process for multiplying this cattle variety. Therefore, the goals of this study were to characterize the follicular waves of RCC and to determine the Progesterone (P4), Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSh) and Luteinizing hormone (Lh) profile during three consecutive estrus cycle. Follicular wave emergence (Day 0) was identified using trans-vaginal ultrasound technique and follicular growth was then monitored from Day 0 to Day 23 during three consecutive estrus cycle and blood samples were collected. After measuring the growth and diameter of the follicles, hormonal assays of collected blood samples were performed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). We found that, both RCC cows and heifers showed two waves inter-ovulatory intervals. The length of inter-ovulatory intervals and the diameter of the ovulatory follicle of RCC cows and heifers were slightly different from each other. The identification of the dominant follicle was confirmed from the start of its deviation from other subordinate follicles till it reached to the maximum diameter and identified as dominant follicle which increases linearly for approximately six days (growing phase). This dominant follicle is remained approximately same size for five days (static phase), and then begins to regress (regressing phase) decreasing the antral diameter. The follicular waves are first detectable as 4 - 5 mm follicles approximately at day 0 and day 10 both for RCC cows and heifers which showed two waves inter-ovulatory intervals. The circulating varied concentrations of Lh, FSh and P4 were determined using ELISA in case of both cows and heifers and the concentration curves followed the similar pattern of change during the estrus cycle. hence, the knowledge about ovaria

关键词： Red Chittagong Cattle Ovarian Follicles Progesterone Follicle Stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone ELISA