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Agromorphological Characterization of Introgression Lines Derived from Wild and Exotic Sorghum Germplasm to Climate Change Challenges

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 1129-1149页

作者： ouindyam Colette ouédraogo Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Eva Weltzien Baloua Nebie Fred Rattunde Aboubacar Touré Ibrahima Sissoko mahamadou Sawadogo Equipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Bamako Mali University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is vitally important for food security in semi-arid West Africa. The introgression of wild- and high transpiration efficiency genotypes may contribute genes for abiotic stress tolerance or novel traits. Characterizing the introgressed lines can help researchers in the process of varietal improvement. The objectives of this study are (i) To learn if introgression of wild sorghum (CWR) and high transpiration efficiency (HTE) lines into a very early maturing (photoperiod insensitive) local land-race variety can create useful variation for grain yield in drought-prone Sahelian environments, (ii) To determine if grain yield advantages (and putative drought tolerance traits) obtained from introgression of CWR and HTE germplasm are expressed differently in moderately to highly moisture-limited environments, and (iii) To understand the relationship between putative drought tolerance traits. These populations were developed from crosses between the CSM63E (Jakumbe, a high grains quality variety) and two wild parents (accessions) and five high transpiration efficiency (TE) sorghum accessions. Phenotyping was conducted using an alpha lattice design with three replications in two environments for agronomic traits (grain yield and components), flowering time and physiological traits (stay-green, chlorophyll content and lodging). A total of 669 BC1F5 progenies were developed. Genetic variation for grain yield and putative drought tolerant traits were evaluated. Both populations derived from wild parents exhibited in Cinzana a grain yield (>300 g/m2) greater than CSM63E (245 g/m2). In Bema, more than 75% of the progenies of all populations indicated a chlorophyll content at physiological maturity (>30 SPAD) higher than CSM63E (20 SPAD) chlorophyll content. The estimated broad sense heritability was generally high (≥0.50) for all traits. The results also showed a very significant interaction between genotype and e

关键词： Sorghum Transpiration Drought Variability Climate Change

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Genetic Diversity of Local Rice Accessions Cultivated in Guinea Based on Agro-Morphological Traits and Identification of Sources of Tolerance to Iron Toxicity

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 1070-1088页

作者： Mamadou Laho Barry Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Mahamadi Hamed ouédraogo Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema Sawa Camara Moussa Sié Pauline Bationo-Kando mahamadou Sawadogo Genetic and Plant Breeding Team (EGAP) Biosciences Laboratory Doctoral School of Science and Technology Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Guinea Institute of Agronomic Research (IRAG) Conakry Guinea Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In Guinea, traditional rice varieties are the most widely cultivated in rural areas despite their low yield and high susceptibility to iron toxicity. Moreover, the introduction of new improved varieties tolerant to iron toxicity poses a serious threat to the preservation of the genetic resources of these traditional varieties, whose genetic diversity remains poorly known. The present study therefore aims at a better valorisation of these local rice cultivars through the evaluation of their agromorphological diversity and the identification of genotypes potentially tolerant or resistant to iron toxicity. Thus, 90 accessions collected in the regions of Kindia and Macenta and six controls susceptible or resistant to iron toxicity (AZUCENA, BouAKE 189, CK 73, IR64, NERICAL 19 and AURYLUX 6) were evaluated in three replicate alpha lattice designs in two sites (Sérédou and Kilissi) using 16 agromorphological traits. The results showed significant agromorphological variability of the traditional accessions at both sites for all qualitative and most quantitative traits studied. In addition, 30 local cultivars expressed similar or higher grain yields than the resistant or tolerant controls at both sites, of which 12 were found to be stable at both sites. Of the 12 cultivars identified, five were resistant and seven tolerant to iron toxicity. These 12 accessions could be used in the varietal improvement of lowland rice in Guinea Conakry.

关键词： Local Varieties Oryza Genetic Variability Environmental Stress Guinea

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Physical and Cooking Characteristics of Six Cowpea Varieties Seeds Cultivated in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 929-942页

作者： Karidiatou Traore Pingawindé Sawadogo Téyouré Benoit Joseph Batiéno Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Hamadou Zongo Saadon Leandre Poda Jean Baptiste De Salle Tignegré Tinga Jeremy ouédraogo mahamadou Sawadogo Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Tenkodogo Université Thomas SANKARA Tenkodogo Burkina Faso équipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes/Laboratoire Biosciences Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cowpea is essential in the diet in Burkina Faso. The information on their physical properties and cooking quality is important for consumer acceptance. This study has therefore been undertaken in order to fill the gap. Thus, six cowpea varieties were evaluated for their physical and cooking properties. The seeds had between 9% to 12% moisture. For physical proprieties, the result revealed that the variety Makoyin had the highest seed length (9.65 mm), the variety Gourgou recorded the highest seed width (7.08 mm), seed thickness (5.13 mm), and seed area (153.29 mm2), and 100-seeds weight (21.1 g). The lowest seed sizes were presented by the variety Teeksongo with values of 7.88 mm, 6.34 mm, 4.88 mm, 122.68 mm2, and 16.87 g for respectively the length, the width, the thickness, the area, and the 100-seeds weight. The variety Makoyin produces seed elliptical form and varieties Neerwaya, Gourgou, Yipoussi and Issa-sosso, and Teek-songo the seeds spherical form. For cooking proprieties, the highest value of the bulk density of the seeds was presented in the variety Teek-song (1.51 g/ml). The highest hydration and swelling capacity were observed in varieties Gourgou (0.22 g/seed and 0.24 ml/seed respectively) and Yipoussi (0.22 g/seed and 0.21 ml/seed respectively). The seed with large size, greater hydration, and swelling capacity is preferred by consumers and processors for food products. Varieties Makoyin, Neerwaya, Gourgou, Yipoussi, and Issa-sosso presented cooking time of unsoaked seeds equal to one hour (from 60 to 68 min) excepted Teek-songo which had 46 min. These cooking times are acceptable for consumers. Seed length, surface area, thickness, the weight of seeds, hydration capacity, and cooking time have been the most discriminating among the cowpea varieties studied.

关键词： Cowpea Varieties Physical Properties Cooking Properties Burkina Faso

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Evaluation of Soybean Genotypes (Glycine max L. Merr.) Susceptibility to Parasitic Nematodes in Western Part of Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 23-34页

作者： Gilles Ibié Thio Bouma Thio Nofou ouédraogo Frank Essem Inoussa Drabo oumar Boro Fabrice Wendyam Nikiema Pierre Alexandre Eric Djifaby Sombié David Yago Hervé Bépio Bama mahamadou Sawadogo Paco Sérémé Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Ashanti Mampong Ghana Université Joseph KI-ZERBO/UFR Science de la Vie et de la Terre Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Parasitic nematodes have been reported as one of the major constraints to soybean production worldwide. The majority of nematodes are so-called “free-living” and feed mainly on bacteria, fungi, protozoa and other nematodes. In Burkina Faso, the presence of parasitic nematodes has been reported in crops such as rice and sorghum. The objective of this study was to identify the genera and species of nematodes associated with soybean production in Burkina Faso. Investigations were carried out on 24 genotypes of a medium-maturity group of soybean at the Farako-Ba research station. Soil samples were taken from the trial soil before its installation. At harvest, soil samples with roots were taken from each genotype in the elementary plots. The composite sample is represented by 4 lots of soil samples with roots. Extractions and counts of nematodes were performed on the different lots. In total, 7 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with soybean were identified. Among these genera, Pratylenchus (100% of infected genotypes), Helicotylenchus (97.28%) and Scutellonema (94.44%) were the most prevalent in terms of frequency and abundance. Some soybean genotypes were less susceptible to the genus Pratylenchus is known to be highly pathogenic in soybean. These were mainly the genotypes TGX2025-10E, TGX2023-3E and TGX2025-14E.

关键词： Parasitic Nematodes Susceptibility Genotypes Soybean Burkina Faso

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Genetic Relationship between Sweet Grain Sorghum and the Other Sorghum Types Cultivated in Burkina Faso Assessed with Nuclear Microsatellite Markers SSRs

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 872-883页

作者： Josiane Tiendrebéogo Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Mariam Kiébré Zakaria Kiébré Sévérin Tuina Tégawendé Alphonse Sawadogo Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema Renan Ernest Traoré Mahamadi Hamed ouédraogo mahamadou Sawadogo équipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, sweet grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is generally cultivated in association with several other types of sorghum. However, the lack of information on the genetic relationship between this sorghum and grain sorghum as well as sweet stalk sorghum hinders the efficient management of its genetic resources. Thus, 34 sorghum accessions consisting of 14-grain sorghum, 10-sweet stalk sorghum, and 10 sweet grain sorghum were evaluated using 15 nuclear microsatellites markers (SSRs) to determine their genetic relationship. Results revealed significant genetic diversity within each sorghum type and a significant index of genetic differentiation per pair of sorghum types (0.017) between sweet grain sorghum and sweet stalk sorghum. The minimum Nei distance was also high (0.12) between these two sorghum types. Sweet grain sorghum indeed showed the lowest values of theoretical heterozygosity (0.35), of observed heterozygosity (0.13). Structuring of the accessions of the three types of sorghum cultivated in two distinct groups, one of grain sorghum and sweet stalk sorghum and another consisting of accessions of grain sorghum and sweet grain sorghum was also obtained. The low differentiation observed would suggest greater genetic proximity between the three types of sorghum. The differences observed would be more of a physiological and biochemical nature. These results could contribute to better management of the genetic resources of sweet grain sorghum.

关键词： Sorghum Markers Genetic Diversity Phylogeny Burkina Faso

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Induced Resistance to <i>Striga hermonthica</i>in Sorghum by Gamma Irradiation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第10期11卷 1545-1561页

作者： Minimassom P. Nikièma Djibril Yonli Harimialimalala J. Rabefiraisana Adel Ali Nofou ouédraogo Hamidou Traoré Hamidou Y. A. Yanogo Karim Dao mahamadou Sawadogo Ljupcho Jankuloski Ingelbrecht Ivan Mukhtar Ali Ghanim Abdelbagi Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Sciences University of Antananarivo Antananarivo Analamanga Madagascar Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (NAFA) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf Austria Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso NAFA IAEA Vienna International Center Vienna Austria

Striga species affect the potential productivity of cereals in sub-Saharian Africa due to the lack of durable Striga-resistance in host crops. This study aimed at inducing the new source of resistance in sorghum using gamma irradiation. Dry seeds of three Sorghum varieties;Grinkan, ICV1049 and Sariaso14 were gamma-irradiated with 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy and 500 Gy. Screening strategies involved a 2-year field and greenhouse experiments, where mutant Sorghum families, their parents and resistant control were artificially infected with Striga hermonthica seeds. Field screenings revealed induced genetic variability among them, forty families significantly reduced the number of emerged Striga plants or showed good Sorghum grain yield performance despite the infection by S. hermonthica ecotype from Burkina Faso. The induced putative resistant mutants were identified across the four applied gamma-irradiation doses. Greenhouse experiment confirmed Striga resistance in seven mutant Sorghum families leading to no emergence of Burkina’s S. hermonthica ecotype along with high resistance index (RI) and low Striga damage score. Among them, two mutants SA38M5 and IC47M5 withstood S. hermonthica

关键词： Sorghum Induced Mutation Striga Resistance

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基于PWLCM和秃鹰俯冲机制改进的野狗优化算法

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计算机与现代化 2024年第1期 109-116页

作者：欧基发蔡茂国洪广杰詹楷杰深圳大学电子与信息工程学院广东深圳518060

针对野狗优化算法(Dingo Optimization Algorithm,DOA)收敛速度偏慢和寻优精度较低等问题,提出一种基于PWLCM和秃鹰机制改进的野狗优化算法(Improved Dingo Optimization Algorithm,IDOA)。首先,使用具有遍历性的分段线性混沌映射(Piece... 详细信息

针对野狗优化算法(Dingo Optimization Algorithm,DOA)收敛速度偏慢和寻优精度较低等问题,提出一种基于PWLCM和秃鹰机制改进的野狗优化算法(Improved Dingo Optimization Algorithm,IDOA)。首先,使用具有遍历性的分段线性混沌映射(Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map,PWLCM)初始化野狗种群,有效增加野狗种群多样性。其次,在迫害策略中引入秃鹰俯冲机制,加快野狗捕获猎物的速度,加强算法探索局部的能力。最后,在食腐策略引入螺旋搜索因子,增强算法的局部寻优能力,提升算法的寻优速度和求解精度。仿真实验数据、消融实验以及Wilcoxon秩和检验均表明,与其他对比算法相比,提出的IDOA在所有测试函数上有着更佳的寻优速度以及寻优精度;与其他改进的野狗优化算法相比,所提出的IDOA展现出更好的整体性能。

关键词：野狗优化算法分段线性混沌映射秃鹰俯冲机制螺旋搜索因子

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Semen characteristics of the three genetic types of boars reared in Benin

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第2期10卷 82-89页

作者： Ignace O.Dotché Aichatou Gakou Constant Boris O.B.Bankolé mahamadou Dahouda Isidore Houaga Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux Jean Paul Dehoux Pierre Thilmant Benoit G.Koutinhouin Issaka Youssao Abdou Karim Department of Animal Production and Health Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Meat TechnologyPolytechnic School of Abomey-CalaviUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01 BP 2009CotonouBenin Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agronomic ScienceUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01 BP 526CotonouBenin Research Unit"Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity"(UMaVeB) Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l’Elevage en zone Subhumide(CIRDES)Burkina Faso Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of LiègeVallée 2Avenue de Cureghem4000 LiègeBelgium Laboratory of Experimental Surgery Universite Catholique de Louvain55/70Avenue Hippocrate1200BrusselsBelgium Provincial Center of Productions Animales Liège(CPL Animal)Rue de Saint Remy5 B4601 ArgenteauBelgium

Objective:To characterize the semen of three genetic types of boars(local,improved and Large White)reared in ***:Semen of local,improved and Large White boars reared in Benin were collected using the gloved hand method and analyzed to determine volume,pH,concentration,mobility,motility,and *** effect of the genetic type of boar on semen characteristics was aslo ***:Duration of ejaculation and semen volume of Large White boar were significantly higher than those of local and improved boars(P<0.05).The semen of improved boars had a higher motility score than that of Large White and local boars(P<0.001).The semen of local boars was more concentrated in the spermatozoa than that of improved and Large White boars(P<0.05).The proportion of spermatozoa of improved boars with normal morphology(93.6%)was significantly higher than that of local(82.2%)and Large White boars(81.6%)(P<0.001).The proportion of spermatozoa with folded tails in the semen of Large White boars(9.2%)was significantly higher than that observed in improved(1.8%)and local(5.0%)boars(P<0.001).The proportion of spermatozoa with proximal cytoplasmic droplets in semen of improved boars(2.7%)was significantly lower than that in Large White(6.8%)and local(9.7%)boars(P<0.001).The local(1.5%)and Large White boars(1.1%)showed more spermatozoa with distal cytoplasmic droplets in their semen compared to the improved boars(0.4%).Conclusions:The semen characteristics of pigs reared in Benin vary from one genetic type to *** genetic type has a strong *** Large White boar produces larger semen,the local boar produces more concentrated semen and the improved boar produces spermatozoa that are morphologically *** semen of these three genetic types can be used in artificial insemination but the improved boar's semen is more recommended.

关键词： Boars Semen Local pigs Benin Semen characteristics Genetic types

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Childhood Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: A Single-Center Hospital Study

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期12卷 832-840页

作者： Abdoul Karim Doumbia Tati Simaga Adama Dembélé mahamadou sali.ou baldé Hawa G. Diall Pierre Togo Aminata Doumbia Belco Maiga Karamoko Sacko Fatoumata Léonie Diakité oumou Koné oumar Coulibaly Ibrahim Ahamadou Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Guédiouma Dembelé Fousseyni Traoré Hawa Konaré Amadou Touré Djènèba Konaté Lala N’Drainy Sidibé Leyla Maiga Abdoul Aziz Diakité Boubacar Togo Department of Pediatrics of CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity worldwide. This study was undertaken to complete the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of NIS in hospitalized patients. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with childhood NIS who had been admitted to our department from January 2017 to December 2018. Diagnosis, remission and relapse of idiopathic NS were defined according to the recommendations of the French Society of Pediatric Nephrology. We included all patients aged 2 to 14 years presenting a NIS picture. Results: During the study period, 35 patients with idiopathic NS had been hospitalized, representing a frequency of 1% of patients hospitalized in the department. The sex ratio was 2.22. The average age of the patients was 7.5 ± 3.5 years. Generalized edema was observed in all our patients. Arterial hypertension (36%) and abdominal pain (24%), hematuria (9%) were the main associated signs. Malnutrition was present in 66%, urinary tract infection in 20% and malaria in 24%. Cortico-sensitivity was obtained in 86% of patients, 14% were cortico-resistant and 11% were cortico-dependent. Relapses (6%) had been observed among cortico-sensitive patients. The mortality rate was 11%. Conclusion: This study calls for more trials to better elucidate prognostic indicators and develop better therapeutic approaches adapted to epidemio-clinical contexts.

关键词： INS Children Corticosteroids

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Evaluation of Soybean Genotypes (Glycine max L. Merr.) Susceptibility to Parasitic Nematodes in Western Part of Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第1期

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