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Land Tenure and Its Influence on Agriculture in Artisanal Gold-Mining Zones of Sikasso Region, Mali

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第2期11卷 95-104页

作者： mahamadou Moussa keita George Morara Ogendi Rural Polytechnic Institute for Training and Applied Research Katibougou Koulikoro Mali Department of Environmental Science Egerton University Njoro Campus Nakuru Kenya Dryland Research Training and Ecotourism Centre Chemeron Baringo Kenya

Land tenure is a major determinant of the types of land use in a region or area and, by extension, affects its conservation. Most of the land that falls under public or communal land-tenure systems in developing countries such as Mali faces numerous challenges among them being natural resource overexploitation. This is mainly because the land is openly accessible to all people around it, and thus the tendency to overexploit the land resources leading to degradation, and food and environmental insecurity. In Mali, land ownership falls under three categories: Public or Government, Communal and Private. This study was undertaken to assess the land ownership types in Yanfolia District, Mali, a gold-mining area that lies some 170 km southern east of capital district of Bamako and upstream of Selingué dam on Sankarini River. A social survey of 200 households was done using a structured questionnaire. Additional research instruments were focus group discussion, key informant interviews and observation check-lists. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings indicated that most of the land under gold-mining was owned by the government followed by community and finally private. There were significant associations between size of land under gold-mining and land tenure types: communal land (χ2 = 30.52;p = 0.000);private land (χ2 = 65.09;p = 0.000) and public or government land (χ2 = 177;p = 0.000). Gold-mining takes place mostly on lands classified under public/government and communal compared to that which takes place on lands classified as private. It is recommended that the relevant Malian governmental regulatory and enforcement agencies implement and enforce existing environmental laws with respect to land and environment. These agencies should adopt participatory and sustainable approaches to land and natural resources management for improved food and environmental

关键词： Land Gold-Mining Environment Agriculture Food-Security

Assessment of Unmet Transfusion Needs in the Management of Immediate Postpartum Haemorrhage at the Kalaban Coro Reference Health Centre (MALI)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第9期13卷 1645-1657页

作者： Bocary Sidi Kone Kalifa Traore Mahamoudou Coulibaly Cheickna Sylla Sema keita Yacouba Sylla Mamadou Haïdara mahamadou keita Sékou Bakary keita Bamba Brehima Mamadou Kampo Dramane Fomba Yacouba Aba Coulibaly Seydou Z. Dao Modibo Dicko Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinique Mère Enfant Mohamed VI Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Kalaban Coro Reference Health Centre Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Gabriel Touré de Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Fana Reference Health Centre Koulikoro Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Reference Health Centre of Commune II of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Reference Health Centre of Commune I of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Timbuktu Hospital Timbuktu Mali Department of gynecology and Obstetrics Reference Health Centre of Commune VI of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali

The aim was to assess transfusion needs in the management of immediate postpartum haemorrhage. Materials and Methods: this was a prospective, descriptive, analytical study from 01 January 2018 to 31 October 2018 in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the reference health center of Kalaban-Coro (Mali). Results: During the study period we recorded 32 cases of transfusion of the immediate postpartum out of 109 cases of hemorrhage or 29.35%;for a total of 2425 deliveries or a frequency of 1.31%. The main indications for blood transfusion were: postpartum haemorrhage due to tearing of the soft parts in 21.9%;retroplacental hematoma in 18.6%;uterine rupture in 12.5%;and placenta previa covering hemorrhagic in 12.5%. More than half of the transfused were evacuees, or 62.5%. Unmet transfusion requirements were 59.4%. The blood products requested were: whole blood in 99% of cases and fresh frozen plasma in only 1% of cases. Conclusion: the need for labile blood products remains a reality in obstetrics. The permanent availability of labile blood products improves the prognosis of immediate postpartum haemorrhages.

关键词： Blood Transfusion Postpartum Hemorrhage

Strangulation of the Penis by a Ring in Children: About a Case

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第8期12卷 279-284页

作者： Klétigui Samuel Dembélé Korotimi Malle Issiaka Diarra mahamadou keita Amara Dembele Mamadou Adama Diallo Karifala Haidara mahamadou Coulibaly Moussa Abdoulaye Diarra Sadio Camara Siaka Konate Dramane Fomba Djibrila Kanthe Dramane Cisse Ousmane Abdoul Aziz Dicko Tominian Reference Health Center Tominian Mali Regional Directorate of Ségou Ségou Mali Commune I Reference Health center Bamako Mali General Surgery Department and Urology Department Nianakoro Fomba Hospital in Ségou Ségou Mali Koutiala Reference Health Center Koutiala Mali Bla Reference Health Center Bla Mali Kolondiéba Reference Health Center Kolondièba Mali Markala Reference Health Center Markala Mali Urology Department Somine DOLO Hospital in Mopti Mopti Mali

Strangulation of the penis by a ring is a rare but quite common event in children and is potentially serious. We found it important to report this case in order to share our experience on the management of penis rings. It was a 9-year-old child, with no particular medical-surgical history, nor any notion of known family defect, brought to the emergency room by his parents for intense pain in the penis associated with incessant crying. In front of which a clinical examination made it possible to conclude with penile strangulation by a metal ring. Our course of action was the ablation of the ring with non-medical forceps associated with local and general care. No complications were observed during treatment. The immediate consequences were simple and the patient was followed for 4 months.

关键词： Strangulation Penis Tominian

Contribution of Imagery in the Diagnosis of Multisystemic Sarcoidosis in the Service Radiology Department of the Mother and Child Hospital “Le Luxembourg” in Bamako: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第3期14卷 79-85页

作者： Mariko Mahamane Camara Mamoudou keita Aboubacar Sidiki N’Diaye mahamadou Camara Mody Abdoulaye Fofana Youssouf Traoré Mohamed Maba Sidibé Siaka Sanogo Souleymane keita Adama Diaman Department of Radiology Mother and Child Hospital Luxembourg Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Exploration and Diagnostic Center Conakry Guinea Assistant at the Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques at the Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Department of Radiology Military Hospital of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Radiology Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Radiology Point G Hospital Bamako Mali

The aim of this study was to report a case of multi-visceral sarcoidosis at the Mother-Child Hospital Center (CHME) “Le Luxembourg” in Bamako, Mali. Observation: This is a patient aged 62 at the time of consultation, a housewife, residing in the Banconi district, who was referred to us for thoracic-abdominopelvic imaging for chronic liver disease. After several diagnostic errors, the thoracic-abdominopelvic CT scan and liver MRI performed in our center showed, at the thoracoabdominal level, bilateral diffuse pulmonary micronodules and bilateral mediastinal-hilar lymphadenopathy;on the abdominal level, a dysmorphic liver with plaques of steatosis and a granular appearance of the liver parenchyma without periportal fibrosis. These imaging data combined with those from the liver nodule biopsy and biology confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis type II. Treatment with corticosteroids gave satisfactory results and the patient recovered after 18 months. Clinical and CT monitoring 2 years from the start of the disease and 2 months from the end of treatment showed complete resolution of the lesions. Conclusion: The multi-visceral location of sarcoidosis is an entity whose diagnosis remains difficult;diagnostic and interventional imaging has an important place in its management.

关键词： Sarcoidosis Multi Visceral Imaging CHME Luxembourg

Reform of the Irrigation Sector and Creation of Functional and Sustainable Irrigation Water Users Associations (AUEI) in Niger: Capitalization of the Experience of the Konni AHA

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 209-229页

作者： Saidou Abdoulkarimou Illou mahamadou Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Boubacar Ba University of Tillabéri Tillabéri Niger Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences André Salifou University of Zinder Zinder Niger

During the 1980s, as part of a policy of liberalization, following budgetary cuts linked to the implementation of structural adjustment programs, management responsibilities for AHAs were transferred from ONAHA to cooperatives concerned. Due to lack of financial resources, but also because of poor management, everywhere in Niger we are witnessing an accelerated deterioration of the irrigation infrastructure of hydro-agricultural developments. Institutional studies carried out on this situation led the State of Niger to initiate a reform of the governance of hydro-agricultural developments, by streng-thening the status of ONAHA, by creating an Association of Irrigation Water Users (AUEI) and by restructuring the old cooperatives. Indeed, this research aims to analyze the creation of functional and sustainable Irrigation Water User Associations (AUEI) in Niger in a context of reform of the irrigation sector, and based on the experience of the Konni AHA. It is based on a methodological approach which takes into account documentary research and the collection of data from 115 farmers, selected by reasoned choice and directly concerned by the management of the irrigated area. The data collected was analyzed and the results were analyzed using the systemic approach and the diagnostic process. The results show that the main mission of the AUEI is to ensure better management of water, hydraulic equipment and infrastructure on the hydro-agricultural developments of Konni. The creation of the Konni AUEI was possible thanks to massive support from the populations and authorities in the implementation process. After its establishment, the AUEI experienced a certain lethargy for some time due to the rehabilitation work of the AHA but currently it is functional and operational in terms of associative life and governance. Thus, the constraints linked to the legal system, the delay in the completion of the work, the uncertainties of access to irrigation water but also the problems

关键词： Konni (Niger) Hydro-Agricultural Developments Association of Irrigation Water Users Governance

Litho-Tectonic Architecture of the Dialafara Area, Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier, Integration of New Field Data and Geophysics

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第3期14卷 279-297页

作者： mahamadou Diallo Mamadou Yossi Ibrahim Méyès Coulibaly Youssouf Son Amako Dolo Département de Géologie et Mines Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs Abderhamane Baba Touré (ENI-ABT) Bamako Mali Sagax Afrique S.A Geophysical Surveys and Consulting Bamako Mali

The Dialafara area is part of the highly endowed Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier (KKI), West-Malian gold belt, which corresponds to a Paleoproterozoic window through the West African Craton (WAC). This study presents, first of all, an integration of geophysical data interpretation with litho-structural field reconnaissance and then proposes a new litho-structural map of the Dialafara area. The Dialafara area shows a variety of lithology characterized by volcanic and volcano-sedimentary units, metasediments and plutonic intrusion. These lithologies were affected by a complex superposition of structures of unequal importance defining three deformation phases (DD1 to DD3) under ductile to brittle regimes. These features permit to portray a new litho-structural map, which shows that the Dialafara area presents a more complex lithological and structural context than the one presented in regional map of the KKI. This leads to the evidence that this area could be a potential site for exploration as it is situated between two world-class gold districts.

关键词： Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier Dialafara Mapping Aeromagnetic Data Structure

Mitigating Iron Toxicity by Using Rock Phosphate to Improve Rice Productivity

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 423-438页

作者： Adama Bagayogo Honoré Kam Jacques Sawadogo Moumouni Konate Moussa Sie Satoshi Nakamura Fujio Nagumo mahamadou Sawadogo Ouaga I Uviversity Jospeph Ki-Zerbo Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SVT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research National Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Ibaraki Japan

Iron toxicity is a major constraint to rice production, particularly in highly weathered soils of inland valleys in Sub-Saharan Africa where the rice growing area is rapidly expanding. This study aimed to improve the productiveness of iron toxicity sensitive’s rice fields as well as in the unsensitive fields by using local phosphate fertilizers. Eighteen (18) rice genotypes were been assessed in a split plot design in two areas: without iron toxicity and with iron toxicity. NPK, NK, Rock Phosphate, Triple super phosphate, Calcined phosphate and Acidulated phosphate were used as fertilizers. Data collection was focused on agronomic traits and yield (g/m2). The best fertilizers in the area without iron toxicity were NPK (820.2 g/m2) and triple super phosphate (751.7 g/m2). In the iron toxicity area, the best yields were performed by NPK (785.5 g/m2) and raw calcined phosphate (698.3 g/m2). Yet, the Accessions 15, Accessions 225, Accessions 226 and Accessions 270 were rainfed rice genotypes while CC109 A, HB 46 and HB 62 were low-land/irrigated rice genotypes. NPK, NK and acidulated phosphate fertilizers alleviate the best, iron toxicity in both sensitive and unsensitive rice fields.

关键词： Oryza NPK NK Rock Phosphate Rice

Contribution of Stress Testing to the Management of Ischemic Heart Disease in Mali

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 77-87页

作者： Youssouf Camara Hamidou Oumar Ba Ibrahima Sangaré Boubacar Sonfo Coumba Adiaratou Thiam mahamadou Sékou Diakité Koniba Diarra Karamba Touré Massama Konaté Ichaka Menta Cardiology Department University Hospital Professeur Bocar Sidi Sall Kati Kati Mali Cardiology Department University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Cardiology Department Mali Hospital Bamako Mali

Introduction: Exercise stress testing (on a treadmill or ergometer bicycle) is an important test in cardiology for diagnosing myocardial ischemia. This test in Mali is still in its beginning compared to other countries in the sub-region. The lack of data in Mali prompted this study, which aimed to evaluate the indications of this activity and its diagnostic contribution to cardiology in Mali. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study. The study was conducted at the “TOUCAM” medical clinic in Kati based on the analysis of stress test reports between January 2016 and August 2022. Result: During the study period, we documented 73 patients who underwent exercise testing on a bicycle ergometer for suspected coronary heart disease. The mean age of our patients was 47.5 ± 13.8 years (14 and 79 years). Males accounted for the majority (78.1%). The sex ratio is 3.5. More than half of our patients were overweight or obese (77.1%). Hypertension and diabetes affected 52.1% and 25.8% of patients, respectively. 20.8% of patients had coronary artery disease. renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers (56.8%) and beta-blockers (51.3%). The main indications were chest pain (63.0%) and ischemia detection (15.1%). A modified STEEP protocol was used. The majority of our patients (71.2%) achieved at least 85% of their maximum theoretical heart rate. The main reason for the termination of the study was fatigue (57.3%). The average duration was 11.3 ± 4.2 minutes. 24.7% thought the stress tests were positive and 17.8% thought they were controversial. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of stress testing in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease, especially in settings where we have very limited access to coronary angiography.

关键词： Stress Test Ischemic Heart Disease Mali

Epidemiological and Anatomo Path Ological Aspects of Stomach Cancers at the Koutiala District Hospital

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Surgical Science 2024年第7期15卷 444-450页

作者： mahamadou Coulibaly Souleymane Sanogo Samuel Kletigui Dembélé Moussa Diassana Brehima Ballo Cheick Aka Waigalo Bréhima Bengaly Birama Togola Drissa Traoré Nouhoum Ongoiba Faculty of Medicine University of Science Technique and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Koutiala Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Surgery University Hospital Center Point G Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Tominian Hospital Tominian Mali Department of Surgery Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali

Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the epidemiological and pathological aspects of stomach cancer at Koutiala District Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the General Surgery Department of the Koutiala District Hospital Health Centre. The records of patients admitted for stomach cancer in the period from August 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022 were collected. Patients who underwent surgery for stomach cancer were included in the study. Patients who had not undergone surgery were excluded. Results: We collected records from 40 patients operated on for stomach cancer. The median age was 58.4 years ± 5.7. Men were in the majority with 72.5% The sex ratio was 2.6. The incidence rate of stomach cancer in the general population in the circle was 4.9 cases per 100,000 population. Patients had a history of gastric ulcer in 90%, Helicobacter pylori infection in 47.5% and a notion of excessive salt consumption in 47.5%. The median duration of disease progression was 5 years ± 2.3. The seat was antro-pyloric in 77.5%. The cancer was ulcerative budding in 23 patients. Adenocarcinoma was the histological type in all patients. The cancer was classified as stage III in 30 cases and stage IV in 10 cases. Palliative surgical treatment was the most performed (47.5%). Postoperative morbidity was 15% and mortality was 42.5% at one year. Conclusion: Stomach cancer is common in the ward. Most patients consult at the stage of metastasis. Palliative surgery remains the most practical. Postoperative morbidity and mortality is very high.

关键词： Epidemiology Stomach Cancer Koutiala