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Correlation between Ultrasound Aspects of Fibrosis and Fibroscan Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus

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Open Journal of Radiology 2023年第2期13卷 113-123页

作者： Bénilde Marie-Ange Tiemtore-Kambou Adjirata Koama Alice Guingane Maimouna Payété Gynette Belem Nina Astrid Ndé Ouedraogo madina napon Ousséni Diallo Claudine Lougue Rabiou Cisse Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology of the Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo Bogodogo Burkina Faso Training and Research Department in Health Sciences of Joseph Ki Zerbo University of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso 3Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases of the Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo BogodogoBurkina Faso Department of Radiology Teaching Hospital of Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Radiology Teaching Hospital of Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: The assessment of liver fibrosis is an essential part of the fol-low-up of patients with chronic HBV. Ultrasound and fibroscan are two com-monly used non-invasive examinations and the purpose of this study is to as-sess the correlation between the results of these two examinations in the as-sessment of liver fibrosis. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective collection over a period of 30 months from January 01, 2018 to June 30, 2020 on the correlation between the ultra-sound aspects and the results of the fibroscan of patients with chronic carriers of Hepatitis B virus at the Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo and at the faith-based health center CANDAF. Results: A total of 85 patients with fibrosis were collected. The 30 - 40 age group was the most represented (41.18%), with a male predominance of 52.94%. The patients with a married life were the most represented (77.64%), the social stratum the most represented were the middle managers (32.94%). University level was predominant among educa-tion levels (45.64%). The personal history was traditional circumcision (34.12%), excision (21.18%), manicure (16.47%). The circumstances of the findings were blood donation (34.12%), screening (21.18%), fortuitous findings (16.47%). The association between echostructure and fibrosis on the fibroscan scan was significant (homogeneous hyperechoic echostructure p = 0.0028 and granular echostructure p = 0.0001). Fibrosis on scans had a significant associa-tion with liver contour (Regular contours p = 0.0009 and p = 0.0002). Fibrosis on CT scan had a significant association for the diagnosis of fibrosis on ultra-sound (p = 0.0002 for hepatic steatosis and cirrhosis and p = 0.0013 for hepat-ic dysmorphia), on the other hand, no significant association for hepatomegaly (p = 0.8883). Conclusion: Detecting the presence of fibrosis and monitoring its progression improves the management of patients with chronic liver disease. Ultrasound scans and fibroscan are complementary in

关键词： Fibrosis HBV Ultrasound Fibroscan Correlation

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Ultrasound Contribution to the Diagnosis of Emphysematous Cystitis

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Open Journal of Radiology 2015年第3期5卷 170-175页

作者： Kofi-Mensa Savi de Tové madina napon Zakari Nikiema Patricia Yèkpè Olivier Biaou Vicentia Boco Medical Imaging Department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Republic of Benin Medical Imaging Unit Charles de Gaulle University Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Medical Imaging Unit Sour&#244 Sanou University Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina-Faso Medical Imaging Department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin

Emphysematous cystitis is a severe urinary tract infection which threatens patients’ life. Thus, it requires early diagnosis and computed tomography (CT) is the reference medical exam used to address it. However, ultrasound, which is a non-ionizing and very accessible technique, may also contribute to diagnosis. The aim of this study was to illustrate the contribution of ultrasound to the diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. We report three cases of emphysematous cystitis diagnosed by ultrasound. In all the cases, ultrasound identified basic signs showing presence of gas, including a hyperechoic cystic parietal thickening, repeat echoes and dirty shadow cones of intraluminal focus. Diagnostic confirmation was made in two cases through X-ray and in one case by means of computed tomography. Through simple basic signs, ultrasound directs most usefully towards an emphysematous urinary tract infection. CT enables a more accurate diagnostic work-up of lesions and differential diagnosis with vesico-digestive fistula.

关键词： Emphysematous Cystitis Ultrasound Computed Tomography X-Ray

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Male Breast Nodules in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): Radiological and Histopathological Aspects

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Open Journal of Radiology 2018年第4期8卷 274-280页

作者： Nina-Astrid Nde Ouedraogo madina napon Bénilde Ma Kambou Tiemtore Boubakar Ouattara Abel Bamouni Ousséini Diallo Claudine Lougue Sorgho Rabiou Cisse Service of Radiology of the Hospital of Bogodogo District Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service of Radiology of the Pediatric Teaching Hospital Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service of Radiology of the Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: To describe the radiological and histological aspects of breast nodules among men in our practice setting. Methodology: This is a descriptive and retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to October 2017. The study included male patients with breast nodules classified ACR3, 4 or 5 after a mammographic and ultrasound scan. These lesions were explored through an ultrasound-guided breast microbiopsy. The following are the variables collected: age, family history of breast cancer, medical history, ACR classification, nodule size, and anatomopathologic diagnosis. Results: 13 breast nodules were explored among 13 male subjects. Mammography and breast ultrasound enabled to identify one ACR3 lesion, 10 ACR4 lesions and 2 ACR5 lesions. The average age was 56.53 ± 14.63 years and the average size of the nodules 28.91 ± 13.62 mm. As for histology, there were seven malignant tumors and six benign tumors. The average age of patients with malignancy was 61.45 ± 13.62 years. The malignant nodules average size was 29.45 ± 12.54 mm. Malignant tumors exclusively consisted of invasive breast carcinomas while Benign ones consisted of dystrophic and inflammatory lesions. Conclusion: Most often Breast lesions among men had an indeterminate appearance on imaging and were predominantly malignant in histopathology.

关键词： Breast Microbiopsy Cancer Breast Male Benign Nodule

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Radio-Histopathological Aspects of Breast Nodules in a Sub-Saharan African City (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2018年第3期8卷 89-96页

作者： Nina-Astrid Nde Ouedraogo Bénilde Ma Kambou Tiemtore Yobi Alexis Sawadogo Boubakar Ouattara Prosper David Lamien madina napon Ousséini Diallo Abel Bamouni Claudine Lougue Sorgho Rabiou Cisse Radiology Department of Charles de Gaulle Teaching Paediatric Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Gynaeco-Obstetric Department of Bogodogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department of Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department of Charles de Gaulle Teaching Paediatric Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: To determine the diagnostic contribution of breast microbiopsy percutaneously under ultrasound guidance. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study conducted from January 2014 to October 2017. The included patients had an ultrasound-guided breast microbiopsy after a mammographic and ultrasound scan. The variables collected were gender, age, nodule size, ACR classification and anatomopathologic diagnosis. Results: 347 nodules were explored in 313 patients. There were 300 women (95.85%) and 13 men (4.15%), a gender ratio of 23.07. The average age was 44.64 ± 14.18 years. The average size of the nodules was 30.33 ± 19.58 mm. There were 53.89% ACR4 grade nodules, 48% ACR5 nodules and 32.28% ACR3 nodules. 86.49% of ACR3 nodules were benign and 97.92% of ACR5 nodules were actually malignant. Malignant tumors accounted for 50.29% of the nodules and were dominated by invasive breast carcinomas in 98.26%. The average age of patients with malignant tumors was 49.15 ± 11.55 years. 16% of patients with malignancy were aged under 40 years old. Conclusion: The diagnostic yield was satisfactory and there was a good correlation between the rate of malignant and benign lesions and the positive predictive values of malignancy in the literature.

关键词： Breast Microbiopsy Ultrasound Guidance Mammary Nodule Breast Cancer

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CT Profile of Hydrocephalus in Children at the Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Radiology 2023年第3期13卷 155-166页

作者： Soré Moussa Zanga Kisito Nagalo Fadiilah Laetitia Nonkané Aïscha madina napon Ousséini Diallo Léonie Claudine Lougué/Sorgho Rabiou Cissé Radiology Department Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and Research Unit University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Aim of the Study: The aim is to analyse the epidemiological, clinical and CT aspects of hydrocephalus in children. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective collection from 1 June 2021 to 31 December 2022 within the radiology department of Charles De Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study included the records of patients with hydrocephalus who underwent cerebral computed tomography within this radiology department. Results: Hydrocephalus is due to a disorder of the hydrodynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid causing an increase in the volume allocated to this fluid in the brain and being accompanied by an increase in the pressure of this fluid. Its diagnosis is established by Doppler ultrasound or MRI prenatally, transfontanellar ultrasound in newborns and young children whose fontanel is permeable and by CT or MRI in older children, who can also determine the etiology. MRI remains an imaging technique that is less available and less accessible than CT in developing countries like ours. In Burkina Faso, MRI is only available in two private health facilities. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and computed tomography aspects of hydrocephalus in children at the Charles de Gaulle pediatric teaching hospital in order to contribute to the diagnostic assessment and better management of this pathology. Over 19 months, 105 cases of hydrocephalus were recorded out of a total population of 115 children, or an average of 6 cases per month. The mean age was 17.52 months, with extremes of 03 days and 13 years, and the sex ratio was 1.38. Macrocrania, convulsions and psychomotor retardation were the main clinical signs, with rates of 49%, 34% and 30% respectively. On cerebral CT scan, hydrocephalus was triventricular (41.90%), tetraventricular (40%), and predominantly non-communicating (60%), with a mean Evans score of 0.53. The aetiologies were malformations in 34.28% of cases, tumours in 10.47% and infections in 5.71%. Among

关键词： Hydrocephalus Malformations Cerebral Tomography

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Melnick Needles Syndrome: Computed Imaging and Management Difficulties

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Open Journal of Radiology 2023年第3期13卷 146-154页

作者： Soré Moussa Zanga Dominique Bicaba Kisito Nagalo Sounkalo Guibou Konané Aïscha madina napon Zakari Nikiéma Ousséini Diallo Léonie Claudine Sorgho/Lougué Rabiou Cissé Radiology Department Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Neonatology Department Charles De Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Melnick-Needles syndrome is an osteo-dysplasia caused by a mutation of a gene, FLNA, coding for filamine A. It is at the origin of a set of complex congenital malformations, mainly of interest to the members, but also to the cranio-facial region. Melnick-Needles syndrome was first described in 1966 by two Americans John Melnick, a radiologist, and Carl F Needles, a pediatrician. They described cases of families of several generations who had a characteristic severe congenital bone disorder. They thought that human-to-human transmission had occurred in one case. We report a case of Melnick-Needles syndrome which is a pathology with very high mortality especially in a male subject. This was an observational study of a case received in consultation with the pediatric service of the Souro Sanou University Hospital Center in Bobo Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. It was a 3-year-old boy born in a low-term pregnancy without any prenatal consultation, imaging test and prenatal biology performed. The exact pathogenesis of this condition is not established but is linked to a mutation of the Filamine A gene linked to sexual chromosomes X. Pathology is rare, around a hundred cases have been reported worldwide. Its incidence, according to the literature is around 1/100,000. The sex ratio is at 7. The malformations of this acquired embryo-fetopathy are multiple, polymorphic and asymmetrical. The diagnosis of this pathology is suspected by the clinic and established by molecular biology by sequencing the genes responsible for the mutation. However, imagery, in particular the scanner has a major role by its protocol with multi-planar reconstructions and its analysis in double windowing which allow a better description of the malformations of this syndrome. Its management is complex, and multidisciplinary, and the unfortunate prognosis in our context is because of the precarious technical platform. In our case despite the obvious malformations presented by the patient, the parents consulted late in a health center because of the automa

关键词： Melnick-Needles Syndrome Polymaformation TDM Burkina Faso

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Diagnostic Input of Specialized Radiographic Examinations in Pediatric Setting in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第2期12卷 49-57页

作者： Nina-Astrid Ouedraogo Moussa Zanga Bénilde Marie Ange Tiemtoré Kambou Ky Davy Sissiman madina Aischa napon Boubacar Ouattara Ousséini Diallo Léonie Claudine Lougue Radiology Department of Bogodogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department of Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department of Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Context: In spite of the development of cross-sectional medical imaging and endoscopy means, the prescription of specialized radiographic examinations is still relevant in the pediatric environment in our country. Objective: Show the contribution of specialized radiographic examinations performed in pediatric settings. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study implemented over a five year-period, from June 10th, 2014 to June 10th, 2019 within the radiology department of Charles De Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou. This study included the results of 192 specialized radiographic examinations collected within the concerned department. Results: The average age of the patients was 4.21 years with extremes of 8 days and 15 years. Infants (29 days to 24 months) were the predominant age group with a rate of 53.13% (n = 102 patients). Boys represented 76.51% of the sample with a sex ratio estimated at 3.25. Specialized radiographic examinations represented 0.46% of the overall imaging examinations and 0.72% of radiographic examinations performed during the study period. 67.19% of pathological examinations were reported. Colonic enema and retrograde urethrocystography (RUC) were the most performed examinations respectively accounting for 33.34% and 27.6%. The radiographic findings were consistent with the diagnostic hypotheses in 41.6% of cases. Conclusion: Specialized radiographic examinations keep their place in the exploration of several pathologies in pediatric settings.

关键词： Esophageal Transit Retrograde Urethrocystography Hirschsprung’s Disease

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Contribution and Relevance of Transfontanellar Ultrasound in Newborns in Ouagadougou: Multicentre Study on 1000 Cases

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 64-73页

作者： Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Somé Milckisédek Judickael Dabire Stive Arnauld Tankoano Ida Aida napon Aischa madina Nikiema Zakari Diallo Ousseini Lougue Sorgho Leonie Claudine Cisse Rabiou Department of Medical Imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Centre Ouahigouya University Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Souro Sanon University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Medical Imaging Service Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiodiagnostic and Medical Imaging Laboratory Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objectives: To demonstrate the contribution and relevance of ETFs through the study of 1000 examination reports carried out in the medical imaging departments of the OUAGADOUGOU CHU. Material and method: Analytical descriptive study with retrospective collection, extended from 1st January 2020 to 1st January 2022. Results: Of the 1000 transfontanellar ultrasound reports, the mean age of patients was 7.61 +/ 7.5 days, with extremes of zero and 28 days. Sex was specified in 989 cases. Males accounted for 54.49% and females for 45.51%. 555 transfontanellar ultrasound were performed in 2020. 441 in 2021 and 4 in 2022. 61.9% of transfontanellar ultrasound were performed at the Bogodogo University Hospital, 205 at Charles de Gaulle and 176 at Tengandogo. Indications for transfontanellar ultrasound were dominated by neonatal distress (65.8%), followed by convulsions (10.2%) and prematurity (9.1%). Transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 570 cases (57%) and abnormal in 430 cases (43%). Abnormalities were dominated by haemorrhage and ischaemic lesions in 66.28% (285) and 21.63% (93) of cases respectively. In the group of normal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal distress represented 59.65% of indications and prematurity 10.7% of indications. As for abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal suffering accounted for 73.95% of indications and convulsions for 12.56%. The average age ofpatients with an abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound was 8.74 days +/ 7.89 days. The indication for investigations was relevant in 42.2% of cases and irrelevant in 57.8%;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with relevant indications, 0.71 were normal and 99.29 abnormal;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with irrelevant indications, the transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 98.1% and abnormal in 1.9%. Conclusion: Transfontanellar ultrasound is an important part of ultrasound in current practice. Haemorrhage, anoxic-ischaemic lesions and hydrocephalus are the most frequent pathologies found by this technique in newborns. Whether or not

关键词： Transfontanellar Ultrasound Neonatal Distress Relevance

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Some Indicators of the Water Regime in Some Varieties Belonging to the Monarda didyma L. Genus in the Conditions of Tashkent (Uzbekistan)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 374-386页

作者： Mamadalieva Vakhobjon Kizi madina Rakhimova Tashkhanim Physiology of Plant and Botany Department Biology Faculty National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek Tashkent Uzbekistan Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Tashkent Uzbekistan

In this article, the names of 3 varieties of Monarda didyma L., which are considered to be introduced species, some indicators of the water regime in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan: the amount of water in the leaves, water deficit, water storage capacity were studied in spring and summer, and seasonal changes were determined. According to these indicators of the water regime, the studied varieties belong to the labile water regime, high green mass (centner), seed yield (how many grams), resistance to diseases and pests have been determined, which shows that it is promising for introduction in the conditions of our republic. Therefore, it is recommended to breed these varieties in the foothills and hilly regions of Uzbekistan, where the amount of precipitation is more than 400 - 500 mm.

关键词： Uzbekistan Tashkent Monarda didyma Bergama Jar-Ptitsa Cambridge Scarlet Water Regime Water Quantity Water Shortage Water Storage Capacity Labile

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Cancer immunotherapy with envelopedself-amplifying mRNA CARG-2020 thatmodulates IL-12,IL-17 and PD-L1 pathways toprevent tumor recurrence

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 335-349页

作者： Ju Chen Bhaskara Reddy madina Elham Ahmadi Timur Olegovich Yarovinsky Marie Marthe Krady Eileen Victoria Meehan Isabella China Wang Xiaoyang Ye Elise Pitmon Xian-Yong Ma Bijan Almassian Valerian Nakaar Kepeng Wang Department of Immunology School of MedicineUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06030USA CaroGen Corporation FarmingtonCT 06030USA The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineFoshan 528000China The Loomis Chaffee School WindsorCT 06095USA

Targeting multiple immune mechanisms may overcome therapy resistance and further improve cancer immunotherapy for humans.Here,we describe the application of virus-like vesicles(VLV)for delivery of three immunomodulators alone and in combination,as a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy.VLV vectors were designed to deliver single chain interleukin(IL)-12,shorthairpin RNA(shRNA)targeting programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1),and a dominant-negative form of IL-17 receptor A(dn-IL17RA)as a single payload or as a combination payload.Intralesional delivery of the VLV vector expressing IL-12 alone,as well as the trivalent vector(designated CARG-2020)eradicated large established tumors.However,only CARG-2020 prevented tumor recurrence and provided long-term survival benefit to the tumor-bearing mice,indicating a benefit of the combined immunomodulation.The abscopal effects of CARG-2020 on the non-injected contralateral tumors,as well as protection from the tumor cell re-challenge,suggest immune-mediated mechanism of protection and establishment of immunological memory.Mechanistically,CARG-2020 potently activates Th1 immune mechanisms and inhibits expression of genes related to T cell exhaustion and cancer-promoting inflammation.The ability of CARG-2020 to prevent tumor recurrence and to provide survival benefit makes it a promising candidate for its development for human cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Virus-like vesicles Oncolytic virus IL-12 IL-17 PD-L1 T cell exhaustion Combination therapy Cancer immunotherapy

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